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In response, this study proposes a fully bio-based and modular metastructure composed of rods extracted from the giant bamboo (\n                    <jats:italic>Dendrocalamus asper<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and plant-based polymeric joints derived from soybean (\n                    <jats:italic>Glycine max<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and castor oil (\n                    <jats:italic>Ricinus communis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), aiming to offer a sustainable alternative for load-bearing structural components. The research investigates the design, fabrication, and mechanical performance of a unit trussed cell (50\u2009\u00d7\u200950\u2009\u00d7\u200950\u00a0mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) engineered to exhibit auxetic-like chiral rotation and enhanced energy absorption under compressive loading. These cells are assembled into trussed beams (400\u2009\u00d7\u200950\u2009\u00d7\u200950\u00a0mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), and further into sandwich beams with 5\u00a0mm thick balsa wood skins. Material properties of the bamboo and polymer components are assessed via physical, chemical, and mechanical characterisation to asses their potential chemical-adhesion compatibility, density, and mechanical performance. Following the fabrication of the proposed structures, further experimental evaluation includes compression of the trussed cell and four-point bending of the beam configurations, while finite element analysis (FEA) is used to simulate elastic behaviour under torsional and cantilever loading. Results demonstrate that the metastructure trussed cell (with a mass of\u2009~\u200930 g) supports up to 700\u00a0kg in compression, achieving\u2009~\u20092\u00a0mm displacement, 4\u00b0 rotation, and absorbing\u2009~\u2009750\u00a0\u03bcJ\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    of energy; it also exhibits a force\u2013displacement slope of\u2009~\u20094,200\u00a0N\/mm and an equivalent Poisson ratio near zero within the elastic regime (up to\u2009~\u20091\u00a0mm displacement). The trussed and sandwich beams exhibit equivalent densities of\u2009~\u20090.19 and\u2009~\u20090.21\u00a0g\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively, while achieving bending loads of\u2009~\u20092000 N and\u2009~\u20093600 N, corresponding to maximum bending moments of\u2009~\u2009103 and\u2009~\u2009188 kN\u2219mm, and toughness values of\u2009~\u2009158 and\u2009~\u2009193 \u03bcJ\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively. Simulated torsional response of the trussed cell indicates a torque of\u2009~\u20097,300\u00a0N\u2219mm per degree of twist, while FEA results for cantilever loading show a homogenised flexural modulus of the beams of\u2009~\u2009623\u00a0MPa (trussed) and\u2009~\u2009751\u00a0MPa (sandwich). These outcomes underscore a promising direction for developing renewable, high-strength, and lightweight composite structures, with applications ranging from civil construction to aerospace engineering.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42114-025-01359-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T07:05:02Z","timestamp":1751353502000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Fully bio-based composite and modular metastructures"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8016-3165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Jos\u00e9","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3983-8436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B\u00e1rbara Lana","family":"de Resende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6057-2201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianni","family":"Comandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3170-218X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacopo","family":"Lavazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0363-5207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro P.","family":"Camanho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5470-4834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Scarpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7091-456X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00falio Hallak","family":"Panzera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1359_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Park SJ et al (2024) Meta-structure of amorphous-inspired 65.1Co28.2Cr5.3Mo lattices augmented by artificial intelligence. 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