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Understanding seroprevalence in wild rabbit populations in response to RHDV outbreaks is crucial for estimating the proportion of individuals capable of surviving such events. This study investigates the serological and demographic responses to the circulation of GI.1 and GI.2 genotypes by analysing data from 18 wild rabbit populations surveyed in 2002 and 2021, approximately a decade after each strain\u2019s emergence. Results show a significantly higher seroprevalence during the GI.2 genotypes period (0.58 vs. 0.44). However, our analysis did not reveal any significant relationship between seroprevalence and population abundance after either outbreak. These findings suggest resilience in wild rabbit populations to RHDV, with critical implications for disease management and conservation. The study stresses the need for continued monitoring to mitigate RHDV\u2019s impact and support the preservation of rabbit populations and associated ecosystems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s42991-025-00532-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T09:00:31Z","timestamp":1761037231000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Seroprevalence responses to RHDV variants in wild European rabbits: evidence of resilience in the Iberian Peninsula"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Juan Antonio","family":"Aguayo-Ad\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0986-3278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7582-4299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Villafuerte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3823-5935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Delibes-Mateos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3696-5897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisca","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8540-8301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tereza","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8391-7134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Abrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1026-3253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Rouco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"532_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abrantes J, Van Der Loo W, Le Pendu J, Esteves PJ (2012) Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV): a review. 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Accessed 12 Sep 2024"}],"container-title":["Mammalian Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42991-025-00532-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s42991-025-00532-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s42991-025-00532-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T03:57:10Z","timestamp":1770091030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s42991-025-00532-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42991-025-00532-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1616-5047","1618-1476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1616-5047","type":"print"},{"value":"1618-1476","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors confirm that the ethical policies of the journal, as noted on the journal\u2019s author guidelines page, have been adhered to. No ethical approval was required, as no animals were killed specifically for this study. Samples were collected from wild rabbits legally hunted during the official hunting season in full compliance with Spanish regulations. No ethical approval by an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee was deemed necessary.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Authors declare no conflicts of interests. One of the authors of this article, C. Rouco, is a member of the editorial board of Mammalian Biology.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}