{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T16:41:39Z","timestamp":1774456899802,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discov Educ"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s44217-025-00964-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T11:57:47Z","timestamp":1764331067000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["AI-powered learning analytics dashboards: a systematic review of applications, techniques, and research gaps"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Cabral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gil","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"964_CR1","unstructured":"Nogueira AIC, Rodrigues CMSA, Ferreira JDSM. Formar Hoje, Educar Amanh\u00e3. G.C Gr fica de Coimbra, Lda., 1990. p. 15."},{"key":"964_CR2","unstructured":"Edwards, L. Eduaide.Ai: how To Use It To Teach 2024. https:\/\/www.techlearning.com\/how-to\/eduaideai-how-to-use-it-to-teach Accessed 2025-05-15"},{"key":"964_CR3","unstructured":"Patel K. SlidesGo\u2014the Essencial guide AI presentation maker. 2025. https:\/\/gifluent.com\/slidesgo\/ Accessed 2025-05-15."},{"issue":"2","key":"964_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chbah.2023.100022","volume":"1","author":"B Memarian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Memarian B, Doleck T. Chatgpt in education: methods, potentials, and limitations. Comput Hum Behav Artif Hum. 2023;1(2):100022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chbah.2023.100022.","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav Artif Hum"},{"key":"964_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dehkhoda AM, Kipp D, Chow CF. Transformative pedagogy: leveraging generative ai tools for enhanced learning experiences. In: Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24908\/pceea.2024.18583","DOI":"10.24908\/pceea.2024.18583"},{"key":"964_CR6","unstructured":"Pinto R, Pinheiro J, Gon\u00e7alves G, Ribeiro A. Towards industry 5.0: A capacitation approach for upskilling and technology transfer. In: Mehmood R, Alves V, Pra\u00e7a I, Wikarek J, Parra-Dom\u00ednguez J, Loukanova R, Miguel I, Pinto T, Nunes R, Ricca M. editors. Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Special Sessions I, 20th International Conference. Cham: Springer; 2023. p. 342\u2013351."},{"key":"964_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C\u00f3nego L, Pinto R, Gon\u00e7alves G. Education 4.0 and the smart manufacturing paradigm: A conceptual gateway for learning factories. In: Camarinha-Matos LM, Boucher X, Afsarmanesh H, editors. Smart and Sustainable Collaborative Networks 4.0. Cham: Springer; 2021. p. 721\u2013728.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-85969-5_68"},{"key":"964_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jivet I, Scheffel M, Specht M, Drachsler H. License to evaluate: preparing learning analytics dashboards for educational practice. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge. LAK \u201918, pp. 31\u201340. Association for Computing Machinery. New York. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3170358.3170421.","DOI":"10.1145\/3170358.3170421"},{"key":"964_CR9","unstructured":"Shin N, Stevens SY, Krajcik J. Designing assessments to track student progress. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of the Learning Sciences. Vol. 1. ICLS \u201910. International Society of the Learning Sciences. 2010. p. 580\u2013587."},{"key":"964_CR10","unstructured":"Society for Learning Analytics Research (SoLAR): What is Learning Analytics? https:\/\/www.solaresearch.org\/about\/what-is-learning-analytics\/. Accessed: 2025-05-15 (2014)"},{"issue":"4","key":"964_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1007\/s11528-022-00720-1","volume":"66","author":"D Ye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ye D. The history and development of learning analytics in learning, design, & technology field. TechTrends. 2022;66(4):607\u201315.","journal-title":"TechTrends"},{"issue":"4","key":"964_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i","DOI":"10.1037\/h0092987","volume":"2","author":"EL Thorndike","year":"1898","unstructured":"Thorndike EL. Animal intelligence: an experimental study of the associative processes in animals. Psychol Rev Monogr Suppl. 1898;2(4):i.","journal-title":"Psychol Rev Monogr Suppl"},{"issue":"2","key":"964_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1037\/h0074428","volume":"20","author":"JB Watson","year":"1913","unstructured":"Watson JB. Psychology as the behaviorist views it. Psychol Rev. 1913;20(2):158.","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"964_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma AK, Sharma DM, Purohit N, Rout SK, Sharma SA. Analytics techniques: descriptive analytics, predictive analytics, and prescriptive analytics. In: Decision intelligence analytics and the implementation of strategic business management. 2022. p. 1\u201314.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-82763-2_1"},{"issue":"2","key":"964_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2019.2916802","volume":"13","author":"W Matcha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Matcha W, Uzir NA, Ga\u0161evi\u0107 D, Pardo A. A systematic review of empirical studies on learning analytics dashboards: a self-regulated learning perspective. IEEE Trans Learn Technol. 2020;13(2):226\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TLT.2019.2916802.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Learn Technol"},{"key":"964_CR16","unstructured":"Steve T. Signals tells students how they\u2019re doing even before the test. 2009. https:\/\/www.purdue.edu\/uns\/x\/2009b\/090827ArnoldSignals.html. Accessed: 2025-05-15."},{"issue":"3","key":"964_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/abc.20025","volume":"15","author":"MD Pistilli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pistilli MD, Arnold KE. Purdue signals: mining real-time academic data to enhance student success. About campus. 2010;15(3):22\u20134.","journal-title":"About campus"},{"key":"964_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arnold KE, Pistilli MD. Course signals at purdue: using learning analytics to increase student success. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, 2012. p. 267\u2013270.","DOI":"10.1145\/2330601.2330666"},{"key":"964_CR19","unstructured":"UNESCO: Higher education: figures at a glance. UNESCO, France. Accessed: 2025-05-15 (2024). https:\/\/unesco.org\/."},{"key":"964_CR20","unstructured":"UNESCO: COVID-19 Education Response 2023. https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/covid-19\/education-response Accessed 2025-05-15"},{"issue":"1","key":"964_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-05311-7","volume":"24","author":"C-T Hung","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hung C-T, Wu S-E, Chen Y-H, Soong C-Y, Chiang C-P, Wang W-M. The evaluation of synchronous and asynchronous online learning: student experience, learning outcomes, and cognitive load. BMC Med Educ. 2024;24(1):326.","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"964_CR22","first-page":"1","volume":"37","author":"J Lee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee J, Kim D. From awareness to empowerment: self-determination theory-informed learning analytics dashboards to enhance student engagement in asynchronous online courses. J Comput High Edu. 2024;37:1\u201341.","journal-title":"J Comput High Edu."},{"key":"964_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.13089","volume":"52","author":"N Valle","year":"2021","unstructured":"Valle N, Antonenko P, Dawson K, Huggins-Manley AC. Staying on target: a systematic literature review on learner-facing learning analytics dashboards. Br J Edu Technol. 2021;52:1724\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjet.13089.","journal-title":"Br J Edu Technol"},{"key":"964_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kaliisa R, Misiejuk K, L\u00d3pez-Pernas S, Khalil M, Saqr M. Have learning analytics dashboards lived up to the hype? a systematic review of impact on students\u2019 achievement, motivation, participation and attitude. In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. Association for Computing Machinery. 2024. p. 295\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3636555.3636884.","DOI":"10.1145\/3636555.3636884"},{"key":"964_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci12080569","author":"SZ Salas-Pilco","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salas-Pilco SZ, Xiao K, Hu X. Artificial intelligence and learning analytics in teacher education: a systematic review. Edu Sci. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/educsci12080569.","journal-title":"Edu Sci"},{"key":"964_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2024.100616","volume":"44","author":"F Ouyang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ouyang F, Zhang L. Ai-driven learning analytics applications and tools in computer-supported collaborative learning: a systematic review. Educ Res Rev. 2024;44:100616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.edurev.2024.100616.","journal-title":"Educ Res Rev"},{"key":"964_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yan L, Martinez-Maldonado R, Gasevic D. Generative artificial intelligence in learning analytics: Contextualising opportunities and challenges through the learning analytics cycle. In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. Association for Computing Machinery. 2024. p. 101\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3636555.3636856.","DOI":"10.1145\/3636555.3636856"},{"key":"964_CR28","first-page":"110","volume":"21","author":"Y Park","year":"2015","unstructured":"Park Y, Jo I-H. Development of the learning analytics dashboard to support students learning performance. J Univ Comput Sci. 2015;21:110\u201333.","journal-title":"J Univ Comput Sci"},{"key":"964_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chaudy Y. Connolly T. Integrating assessment, feedback, and learning analytics in educational games: literature review and design of an assessment engine. Idea Group Inc, United States. 2018. p. 127\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/978-1-5225-5936-8.ch006.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-5225-5936-8.ch006"},{"key":"964_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Williamson K, Kizilcec R. A review of learning analytics dashboard research in higher education: Implications for justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion. In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. Association for Computing Machinery. 2022. p. 260\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3506860.3506900.","DOI":"10.1145\/3506860.3506900"},{"key":"964_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pel\u00e1ez CA, Solano A, Rosa EADL, L\u00f3pez JA, Parra JA, Ospina JA, Ram\u00cdrez GM, Moreira F. Learning analytics in the design of interactive multimedia experiences for elementary education: a systematic review. In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. Association for Computing Machinery. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3612783.3612785.","DOI":"10.1145\/3612783.3612785"},{"key":"964_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nadimpalli VK, Hauser F, Bittner D, Grabinger L, Staufer S, Mottok J. Systematic literature review for the use of ai based techniques in adaptive learning management systems. In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. Association for Computing Machinery. 2023. p. 83\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3593663.3593681.","DOI":"10.1145\/3593663.3593681"},{"key":"964_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alfredo R, Echeverria V, Jin Y, Yan L, Swiecki Z, Ga\u0161evi\u0107 D, Martinez-Maldonado R. Human-centred learning analytics and AI in education: a systematic literature review. 2024. Elsevier B.V. Accessed: 2025-01-06. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.caeai.2024.100215.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2024.100215"},{"key":"964_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Torre MV, Oertel C, Specht M. The sequence matters in learning\u2014a systematic literature review. In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. Association for Computing Machinery. 2024. p. 263\u2013272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3636555.3636880.","DOI":"10.1145\/3636555.3636880"},{"key":"964_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14279","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-12401-4","volume":"29","author":"L Paulsen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Paulsen L, Lindsay E. Learning analytics dashboards are increasingly becoming about learning and not just analytics\u2014a systematic review. Educ Inf Technol. 2024;29:14279\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12401-4.","journal-title":"Educ Inf Technol"},{"key":"964_CR36","first-page":"83","volume":"31","author":"T Khelifi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khelifi T, Grand BL, Rabah NB. Explainable learning analytics dashboard: enhancing understanding of insights derived from educational data. Int J Comput Appl. 2024;31:83\u201394.","journal-title":"Int J Comput Appl"},{"key":"964_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.29007\/dsxd","volume":"97","author":"T Khelifi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khelifi T, Rabah NB, Grand BL, Daoudi I. Ex-lad: an explainable learning analytics dashboard in higher education. EPiC Ser Comput. 2024;97:38\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29007\/dsxd.","journal-title":"EPiC Ser Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"964_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-021-00313-7","volume":"19","author":"T Susnjak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Susnjak T, Ramaswami GS, Mathrani A. Learning analytics dashboard: a tool for providing actionable insights to learners. Int J Educ Technol High Educ. 2022;19(1):12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41239-021-00313-7.","journal-title":"Int J Educ Technol High Educ"},{"key":"964_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2023.7935","volume":"10","author":"G Ramaswami","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ramaswami G, Susnjak T, Mathrani A. Effectiveness of a learning analytics dashboard for increasing student engagement levels. J Learn Anal. 2023;10:115\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18608\/jla.2023.7935.","journal-title":"J Learn Anal"},{"issue":"4","key":"964_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.9781\/ijimai.2023.07.006","volume":"8","author":"F Garc\u00eda-Pe\u00f1alvo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Pe\u00f1alvo F, V\u00e1zquez-Ingelmo A. What do we mean by genai? a systematic mapping of the evolution, trends, and techniques involved in generative ai. Int J Interact Multimedia Artif Intell. 2023;8(4):7\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9781\/ijimai.2023.07.006.","journal-title":"Int J Interact Multimedia Artif Intell"},{"issue":"1","key":"964_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40561-024-00350-5","volume":"11","author":"MY Mustafa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mustafa MY, Tlili A, Lampropoulos G, Huang R, Jandri\u0107 P, Zhao J, et al. A systematic review of literature reviews on artificial intelligence in education (aied): a roadmap to a future research agenda. Smart Learn Environ. 2024;11(1):1\u201333.","journal-title":"Smart Learn Environ"},{"key":"964_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTEL.2013.059088","volume":"5","author":"S Kotsiantis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kotsiantis S, Tselios N, Filippidi A, Komis V. Using learning analytics to identify successful learners in a blended learning course. Int J Technol Enhanced Learn. 2013;5:133\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/IJTEL.2013.059088.","journal-title":"Int J Technol Enhanced Learn"},{"key":"964_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10664-3","volume":"27","author":"Y-H Hu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hu Y-H. Effects and acceptance of precision education in an ai-supported smart learning environment. Educ Inf Technol. 2022;27:2013\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10664-3.","journal-title":"Educ Inf Technol"},{"key":"964_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2021.7279","volume":"8","author":"H Khosravi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khosravi H, Shabaninejad S, Bakharia A, Sadiq S, Indulska M, Ga\u0161evi\u0107 D. Intelligent learning analytics dashboards: automated drill-down recommendations to support teacher data exploration. J Learn Anal. 2021;8:133\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18608\/jla.2021.7279.","journal-title":"J Learn Anal"},{"key":"964_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cechinel C, Santos MDFD, Barrozo C, Schardosim JE, Vila ED, Ramos, V, Primo T, Munoz R, Queiroga EM. A learning analytics dashboard for moodle: Implementing machine learning techniques to early detect students at risk of failure. In: Proceedings - 2021 16th Latin American Conference on Learning Technologies, LACLO 2021. p. 130\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/LACLO54177.2021.00019.","DOI":"10.1109\/LACLO54177.2021.00019"},{"issue":"1","key":"964_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10734-020-00560-z","volume":"83","author":"J Hellings","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hellings J, Haelermans C. The effect of providing learning analytics on student behaviour and performance in programming: a randomised controlled experiment. High Educ. 2022;83(1):1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10734-020-00560-z.","journal-title":"High Educ"},{"issue":"6","key":"964_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1080\/13562517.2013.827653","volume":"18","author":"D Clow","year":"2013","unstructured":"Clow D. An overview of learning analytics. Teach High Educ. 2013;18(6):683\u201395.","journal-title":"Teach High Educ"},{"key":"964_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-12978-4","author":"R Kleimola","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kleimola R, Hirsto L, Ruokamo H. Promoting higher education students self-regulated learning through learning analytics: a qualitative study. Educ Inf Technol. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12978-4.","journal-title":"Educ Inf Technol"},{"key":"964_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Groher I, Vierhauser M, Hartl E. A learning analytics dashboard for improved learning outcomes and diversity in programming classes. In: International Conference on Computer Supported Education CSEDU-Proceedings. vol. 2. 2024. p. 618\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5220\/0012735000003693.","DOI":"10.5220\/0012735000003693"},{"issue":"3","key":"964_CR50","first-page":"105","volume":"4","author":"SS Ajibade","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ajibade SS, Adediran A. An overview of big data visualization techniques in data mining. Int J Comput Sci Inform Technol Res. 2016;4(3):105\u201313.","journal-title":"Int J Comput Sci Inform Technol Res"},{"key":"964_CR51","unstructured":"Severino R. The Data Visualisation Catalogue. 2025. https:\/\/datavizcatalogue.com\/ Accessed 2025-05-15."},{"key":"964_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0047231X.2025.2480575","author":"SJ Liao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liao SJ, Han P, Xu Y. Capability and potential of generative artificial intelligence (ai) tools in science education: an exploratory study of chatgpt-powered tools (dall-e and globe explore), midjourney and gatekeep in multimodal science education. J Coll Sci Teach. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0047231X.2025.2480575.","journal-title":"J Coll Sci Teach."},{"issue":"2","key":"964_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.101.2.248","volume":"101","author":"JB Watson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Watson JB. Psychology as the behaviorist views it. Psychol Rev. 1994;101(2):248\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.101.2.248.","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"964_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Winne PH, Perry NE. Chapter 16 - measuring self-regulated learning. In: Boekaerts, M., Pintrich, P.R., Zeidner, M. (eds.) Handbook of Self-Regulation. San Diego: Academic Press; 2000. p. 531\u2013566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-012109890-2\/50045-7. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/B9780121098902500457","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012109890-2\/50045-7"},{"key":"964_CR55","volume-title":"Mind in Society: the Development of Higher Psychological Processes","author":"LS Vygotskij","year":"1979","unstructured":"Vygotskij LS, John-Steiner V. Mind in Society: the Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge: Harvard University Press; 1979."},{"issue":"2","key":"964_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0364-0213(88)90023-7","volume":"12","author":"J Sweller","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sweller J. Cognitive load during problem solving: effects on learning. Cogn Sci. 1988;12(2):257\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0364-0213(88)90023-7.","journal-title":"Cogn Sci"},{"key":"964_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511815355","volume-title":"Situated Learning: legitimate Peripheral Participation","author":"J Lave","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lave J, Wenger E. Situated Learning: legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1991."},{"key":"964_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk YE, G\u00fcrler \u0130. Evaluation of moodle, canvas, blackboard, and open edx. In: ICT-based Assessment, Methods, and Programs in Tertiary Education. IGI Global; 2020. p. 363\u2013382.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-3062-7.ch018"},{"issue":"1","key":"964_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.11591\/ijai.v14.i1.pp32-43","volume":"14","author":"A Samala","year":"2025","unstructured":"Samala A, Rawas S. Bias in artificial intelligence: smart solutions for detection, mitigation, and ethical strategies in real-world applications. IAES Int J Artif Intell (IJ-AI). 2025;14(1):32\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11591\/ijai.v14.i1.pp32-43.","journal-title":"IAES Int J Artif Intell (IJ-AI)"},{"key":"964_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fleur DS, Bos W, Bredeweg B. Learning analytics dashboard for motivation and performance. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 12149 LNCS; 2020. p. 411\u2013419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-49663-0_51.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49663-0_51"},{"key":"964_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-12606-1","author":"N Cheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cheng N, Zhao W, Xu X, Liu H, Tao J. The influence of learning analytics dashboard information design on cognitive load and performance. Educ Inf Technol. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12606-1.","journal-title":"Educ Inf Technol"},{"key":"964_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Majumdar R, Takami K, Ogata H. Learning with explainable ai-recommendations at school: Extracting patterns of self-directed learning from learning logs. In: Proceedings-2023 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT 2023; 2023. p. 245\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICALT58122.2023.00078.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT58122.2023.00078"},{"key":"964_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Duan X, Wang C, Rouamba G. Designing a learning analytics dashboard to provide students with actionable feedback and evaluating its impacts. In: International Conference on Computer Supported Education CSEDU - Proceedings. vol. 2. 2022. p. 117\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5220\/0011116400003182.","DOI":"10.5220\/0011116400003182"},{"key":"964_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu S, Mouri K, Ogata H. Learning analytics data flow and visualizing for ubiquitous learning logs in lms and learning analytics dashboard. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 12203 LNCS; 2020. p. 548\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-50344-4_39.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-50344-4_39"},{"key":"964_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nguyen VA, Nguyen QB, Nguyen VT. A model to forecast learning outcomes for students in blended learning courses based on learning analytics. In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. 2018. p. 35\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3268808.3268827.","DOI":"10.1145\/3268808.3268827"},{"key":"964_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2019.62.4","volume":"6","author":"AF Wise","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wise AF, Jung Y. Teaching with analytics: towards a situated model of instructional decision-making. J Learn Anal. 2019;6:53\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18608\/jla.2019.62.4.","journal-title":"J Learn Anal"},{"key":"964_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ines D, Jean-Marie G, Sebastien I. User centered approach for learning analytics dashboard generation. In CSEDU 2019 - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Supported Education. vol. 2. 2019. p. 260\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5220\/0007693102600267.","DOI":"10.5220\/0007693102600267"},{"key":"964_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kodumuru S, Lucas B, Sabanwar V, Patil S, Avudiappan D, Parikh P, Arya K. Towards developing a learning analytics dashboard for a massive online robotics competition. In: 2022 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON). 2022. p. 1020\u20131025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/EDUCON52537.2022.9766808.","DOI":"10.1109\/EDUCON52537.2022.9766808"},{"key":"964_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sapsai I, Usme YPV, Abke J. Learning analytics dashboard for educators: proposed project to design with pedagogical background. In: Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Software Engineering Education. Association for Computing Machinery. 2023. p. 38\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3593663.3593686.","DOI":"10.1145\/3593663.3593686"}],"container-title":["Discover Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44217-025-00964-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s44217-025-00964-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s44217-025-00964-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T11:58:00Z","timestamp":1764331080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s44217-025-00964-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["964"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44217-025-00964-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2731-5525"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-5525","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"525"}}