{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T09:30:27Z","timestamp":1775899827813,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1984,7,1]],"date-time":"1984-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":457488000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Artificial Intelligence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,14]],"date-time":"2003-03-14T13:02:52Z","timestamp":1047646972000},"page":"155-212","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":193,"title":["Foundations of a functional approach to knowledge representation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Hector J.","family":"Levesque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The knowledge level","volume":"2","author":"Newell","year":"1981","journal-title":"AI Magazine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1145\/942572.807045","article-title":"Programming with abstract data types","volume":"9","author":"Liskov","year":"1974","journal-title":"SIGPLAN Notices"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB3","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB4","series-title":"Proc. IJCAI-81","first-page":"452","article-title":"Distinctions and confusions: A catalogue raisonne","author":"Israel","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB5","author":"Mendelson","year":"1964"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB6","series-title":"Proc. IJCAI-81","first-page":"240","article-title":"The interaction with incomplete knowledge bases: A formal treatment","author":"Levesque","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB7","article-title":"A formal treatment of incomplete knowledge bases","author":"Levesque","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB8","first-page":"241","article-title":"On dispensing with things and worlds","author":"Leblanc","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB9","article-title":"A formal treatment of incomplete knowledge bases","author":"Levesque","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB10","author":"Hintikka","year":"1962"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB11","article-title":"Reasoning about knowledge and action","author":"Moore","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB12","series-title":"Proc. AAAI-80","first-page":"99","article-title":"What's wrong with non-monotonic logic","author":"Israel","year":"1980"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1145\/320083.320088","article-title":"On semantic issues connected with incomplete information data bases","volume":"4","author":"Lipski","year":"1978","journal-title":"TODS"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(80)90011-9","article-title":"Circumscription\u2014A form of non-monotonic reasoning","volume":"13","author":"McCarthy","year":"1980","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB15","series-title":"Logic and Data Bases","first-page":"55","article-title":"On closed world data bases","author":"Reiter","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB16","volume":"13","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB17","series-title":"Proc. Second TINLAP Conference","first-page":"210","article-title":"On reasoning by default","author":"Reiter","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(80)90012-0","article-title":"Non-monotonic logic I","volume":"13","author":"McDermott","year":"1980","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(80)90014-4","article-title":"A logic for default reasoning","volume":"13","author":"Reiter","year":"1980","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB20","article-title":"Some representational issues in default reasoning","author":"Reiter","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB21","article-title":"Understanding natural kinds","author":"Cohen","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB22","series-title":"Proc. AAAI-82","first-page":"189","article-title":"Competence in knowledge representation","author":"Brachman","year":"1982"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0898-1221(83)90003-2","article-title":"On interpreting network formalisms","volume":"9","author":"Israel","year":"1983","journal-title":"Internat. J. Comput. Math."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB24","series-title":"Proc. IJCAI-79","first-page":"845","article-title":"An examination of a frame-structured representation system","author":"Stefik","year":"1979"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0101_2","article-title":"An overview of kr1.: A knowledge representation language","volume":"1","author":"Bobrow","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cognitive Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB26","series-title":"Proc. AAAI-82","first-page":"193","article-title":"Knowledge representation languages and predicate calculus: How to have your cake and eat it too","author":"Rich","year":"1982"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.1983.1654200","article-title":"krypton: A functional approach to knowledge representation","volume":"16","author":"Brachman","year":"1983","journal-title":"IEEE Comput."}],"container-title":["Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0004370284900092?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0004370284900092?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T22:39:57Z","timestamp":1584484797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/0004370284900092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,7]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,7]]}},"alternative-id":["0004370284900092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90009-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3702","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,7]]}}}