{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T13:08:09Z","timestamp":1769519289821,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,10,1]],"date-time":"1991-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":686275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Artificial Intelligence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,14]],"date-time":"2003-03-14T08:02:52Z","timestamp":1047628972000},"page":"95-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":208,"title":["Cmpositional modeling: finding the right model for the job"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Brian","family":"Falkenhainer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kenneth D.","family":"Forbus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB1","series-title":"Proceedings IJCAI-89","first-page":"1432","article-title":"Reasoning about assumptions in graphs of models","author":"Addanki","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90110-6","article-title":"Graphs of models","volume":"51","author":"Addanki","year":"1991","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB3","series-title":"Fourth International Workshop on Qualitative Physics","first-page":"210","article-title":"Multi-level modeling of populations","author":"Amador","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB4","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB5","series-title":"Proceedings Workshop on Qualitative Reasoning","article-title":"Building qualitative models of thermodynamic processes","author":"Collins","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB6","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-87","first-page":"590","article-title":"Reasoning about fluids via molecular collections","author":"Collins","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB7","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-90","article-title":"QPC: a compiler from physical models into qualitative differential equations","author":"Crawford","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90042-0","article-title":"Diagnostic reasoning based on structure and behavior","volume":"24","author":"Davis","year":"1984","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(86)90080-9","article-title":"An assumption-based TMS","volume":"28","author":"de Kleer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(86)90082-2","article-title":"Problem solving with the ATMS","volume":"28","author":"de Kleer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90037-7","article-title":"A qualitative physics based on confluences","volume":"24","author":"de Kleer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB12","series-title":"Working Notes of the Automatic Generation of Approximations and Abstractions Workshop","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB13","article-title":"Learning from physical analogies: a study in analogy and the explanation process","author":"Falkenhainer","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB14","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-88","first-page":"301","article-title":"Setting up large-scale qualitative models","author":"Falkenhainer","year":"1988"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1109\/21.87052","article-title":"The role of process abstraction in simulation","volume":"18","author":"Fishwick","year":"1988","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90038-9","article-title":"Qualitative process theory","volume":"24","author":"Forbus","year":"1984","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB17","series-title":"Readings in Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems","first-page":"220","article-title":"The qualitative process engine","author":"Forbus","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB18","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-88","first-page":"193","article-title":"Focusing the ATMS","author":"Forbus","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB19","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-90","article-title":"Self-explanatory simulations: an integration of qualitative and quantitative knowledge","author":"Forbus","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB20","series-title":"Proceedings Third Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society","article-title":"Using qualitative simulation to generate explanations","author":"Forbus","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB21","author":"Fox","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB22","author":"Granet","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB23","series-title":"Proceedings IJCAI-89","article-title":"Temporally coarse representation of behavior for model-based troubleshooting of digital circuits","author":"Hamscher","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB24","series-title":"Formal Theories of the Commonsense World","article-title":"Naive physics 1: ontology for liquids","author":"Hayes","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB25","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-88","first-page":"313","article-title":"Causal ordering in a mixed structure","author":"Iwasaki","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB26","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-88","first-page":"307","article-title":"Formal basis for commonsense abstraction of dynamic systems","author":"Iwasaki","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB27","article-title":"AEDNET: a simulator for nonlinear networks","volume":"54 (11)","author":"Katzenelson","year":"1966"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(86)90073-1","article-title":"Qualitative simulation","volume":"29","author":"Kuipers","year":"1986","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB29","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-87","first-page":"621","article-title":"Abstraction by time-scale in qualitative simulation","author":"Kuipers","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB30","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-88","first-page":"324","article-title":"Using incomplete quantitative knowledge in qualitative reasoning","author":"Kuipers","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB31","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-90","first-page":"395","article-title":"Shifting ontological perspectives in reasoning about physical systems","author":"Liu","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB32","article-title":"An outlook on truth maintenance","author":"McAllester","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB33","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-90","article-title":"Dynamic constraint satisfaction problems","author":"Mittal","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB34","article-title":"Qualitative simulation of dynamic chemical processes","author":"Molle","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB35","series-title":"Proceedings Sixth International Workshop on Machine Learning","first-page":"290","article-title":"Controlling search for the consequences of new information during knowledge integration","author":"Murray","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB36","article-title":"SPICE2: a computer program to simulate semiconductor circuits","author":"Nagel","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB37","author":"Press","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB38","article-title":"Explanation-based theory revision: an approach to the problems of incomplete and incorrect theories","author":"Rajamoney","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB39","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-90","first-page":"401","article-title":"Qualitative reasoning with microscopic theories","author":"Rajamoney","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB40","series-title":"Logic and Data Bases","article-title":"On closed world data bases","author":"Reiter","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB41","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-87","first-page":"649","article-title":"Hierarchical reasoning about inequalities","author":"Sacks","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB42","series-title":"Working Notes of the Automatic Generation of Approximations and Abstractions Workshop","article-title":"Explicit reasoning about accuracy for approximating physical systems","author":"Shirley","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB43","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-86","first-page":"118","article-title":"\u201cCommonsense\u201d arithmetic reasoning","author":"Simmons","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB44","series-title":"Proceedings Eleventh Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative reasoning about thermodynamics","author":"Skorstad","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB45","author":"Sleeman","year":"1982"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(77)90029-7","article-title":"Forward reasoning and dependency-directed backtracking in a system for computer-aided circuit analysis","volume":"9","author":"Stallman","year":"1977","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(80)90032-6","article-title":"CONSTRAINTS: a language for expressing almost-hierarchical descriptions","volume":"14","author":"Sussman","year":"1980","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB48","article-title":"SLICES: at the boundary between analysis and synthesis","author":"Sussman","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB49","series-title":"Change of Representation and Problem Reformulation Workshop (Informal Proceedings)","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(86)90066-4","article-title":"The use of aggregation in causal simulation","volume":"30","author":"Weld","year":"1986","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB51","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-90","article-title":"Approximation reformulation","author":"Weld","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB52","author":"Welty","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB53","author":"Wenger","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(84)90041-9","article-title":"Qualitative analysis of MOS circuits","volume":"24","author":"Williams","year":"1984","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-W_BIB55","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-88","first-page":"264","article-title":"MINIMA: a symbolic approach to qualitative algebraic reasoning","author":"Williams","year":"1988"}],"container-title":["Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:000437029190109W?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:000437029190109W?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]],"date-time":"2019-03-26T20:27:32Z","timestamp":1553632052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/000437029190109W"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]}},"alternative-id":["000437029190109W"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90109-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3702","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,10]]}}}