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We suggest here that the N\u20101 position(s) in one or more of the \u223c4 pseudouridine (\u03a8) residues in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> 23 S rRNA catalyzes transfer of the aminoacyl moiety from the 3\u2032\u2010terminus of peptidyl tRNA in the P site to aminoacyl tRNA in the A site of the ribosome. Evidence that supports the proposal in the case of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> ribosomes, and relevant information pertaining to eukaryotic ribosomes, is summarized. Essential features of the evidence are that (i) the N\u20101 position in 1\u2010acetylthymine (a direct analogue of 1\u2010acetylpseudouridine) has an especially high potential for acyl\u2010group transfer, Comparable to that found for <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylimidazole (Spector, L.B. and Keller, E.B. (1958) J. Biol. Chem. 232, 185\u2013192). (ii) most of the \u03a8 residues in prokaryotic 23 S rRNA are confined to the peptidyl transferase center in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> ribosomes, and (iii) Um\u2010Gm\u2010\u03a8, the most densely modified sequence in eukaryotic 26 S rRNA, is universally conserved at a fixed site in the putative peptidyl transferase center of all eukaryotic ribosomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(92)80269-m","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T07:42:36Z","timestamp":1027582956000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Pseudouridine in the large\u2010subunit (23 S\u2010like) ribosomal RNA The site of peptidyl transfer in the ribosome?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"302","author":[{"given":"Byron G.","family":"Lane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"James","family":"Ofengand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"14","volume":"24","author":"Fono A.","year":"1947","journal-title":"Arkiv. 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