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Recently, however, it has been demonstrated that a member of the 14\u20103\u20103 family, termed Exol, stimulates Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent exocytosis in permeabilized adrenal chromaffin cells, suggesting that this protein family may influence the protein kinase C\u2010mediated control of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent exocytosis. Here we show that the 14\u20103\u20103 proteins activate protein kinase C at about 2\u2010fold more than the known level of the activated protein kinase, i.e. the activity of protein kinase C in the presence of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and phospholipids. This raises the possibility that the cellular activity of protein kinase C is regulated by diverse members of the 14\u20103\u20103 family and that the reported ability of Exol to reactivate Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent exocytosis is based on its stimulatory effect on protein kinase C activity. The 14\u20103\u20103 family, therefore, appears to be a multifunctional regulator of cell signalling processes mediated by two types of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C and type II calmodulin\u2010dependent protein kinase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(92)81257-m","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T07:42:36Z","timestamp":1027582956000},"page":"121-124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Activation of protein kinase C by the 14\u20103\u20103 proteins homologous with Exol protein that stimulates calcium\u2010dependent 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