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However, with increasing ethanol concentration the melting temperature of DNA, <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>, decreases. At a critical ethanol concentration dependent on the nature and concentration of the counterion, aggregation of the DNA molecules sets in. This is reflected in a marked increase in <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub> indicating that the aggregated DNA molecules are thermally more stable than the dissolved ones. However, they are still in the B form. In general, <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub> of aggregated DNA also decreases with further increasing ethanol concentration and is dependent on the nature of the counterion, but <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub> is not affected by the concentration of the counterion (excess salt) in the ethanol\u2010water solution. When the ethanol concentration reaches the range of 70\u201380% (v\/v), the B\u2010to\u2010A conformational transition occurs in the case of Na\u2010, K\u2010 and CsDNA. Above this transition point the A form is more stable than the B form due to the reduced water activity and to increased interhelical interactions. At very high ethanol concentrations, above 85% and dependent on the nature of the counterion, a drastic change in the thermal behaviour is observed. Apparently such a strong interhelical interaction is induced in the aggregated DNA that the DNA is stabilized and cannot adopt a random coil state even at very high temperatures. This stability of DNA in the P form is fully reversed if the ethanol concentration is lowered and the activity of water, thereby, is restored.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(95)01206-t","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T15:50:49Z","timestamp":1027612249000},"page":"174-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Aggregated DNA in ethanol solution"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"375","author":[{"given":"Jure","family":"Pi\u0161kur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Rupprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/171738a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"C.R. Cantor P.R. Schimmel 1980 W.H. 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