{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:41:32Z","timestamp":1781714492565,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,7,1]],"date-time":"1985-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":489024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,30]],"date-time":"2003-06-30T17:28:37Z","timestamp":1056994117000},"page":"5-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["From fuzzy logic to expert systems"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Brian R.","family":"Gaines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mildred L.G.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB1","first-page":"753","article-title":"Book review of applications of fuzzy sets to systems analysis","volume":"19","author":"Arbib","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Soc. Industrial and Appl. Math."},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB2","series-title":"Forecasting: An Appraisal for Policy-Makers and Planners","author":"Ascher","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB3","series-title":"Proceedings AAAI-84, Amer. Assoc. for Artificial Intelligence","first-page":"27","article-title":"Personal construct theory and the transfer of human expertise","author":"Boose","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB4","series-title":"Invisible Colleges: Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific Communities","author":"Crane","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB5","series-title":"Designing for Human-Computer Communication","first-page":"87","article-title":"teiresias: Experiments in communicating with a knowledge-based system","author":"Davis","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB6","series-title":"Knowledge-Based Systems in Artificial Intelligence","author":"Davis","year":"1982"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00055704","article-title":"The learning of perceptual-motor skills by men and machines and its relationship to training","volume":"1","author":"Gaines","year":"1972","journal-title":"Instructional Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(83)80046-7","article-title":"Precise past\u2014fuzzy future","volume":"19","author":"Gaines","year":"1983","journal-title":"Internat. J. Man-Machine Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB9","series-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the International Federation for Automatic Control, Butterworths","article-title":"A learning machine in the context of the general control problem","author":"Gaines","year":"1966"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(77)80042-4","article-title":"The fuzzy decade: A bibliography of fuzzy systems and closely related topics","volume":"9","author":"Gaines","year":"1977","journal-title":"Internat. J. Man-Machine Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB11","series-title":"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics","first-page":"238","article-title":"Logical foundations of expert systems","author":"Gaines","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB12","series-title":"The Art of Computer Conversation: A New Medium for Communication","author":"Gaines","year":"1984"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB13","first-page":"5","article-title":"Expert systems: The substitution of knowledge for materials in world food production","volume":"1","author":"Gaines","year":"1984","journal-title":"Possible Worlds"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB14","series-title":"Mental Models","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1109\/MSPEC.1983.6369962","article-title":"Expert systems: Limited but powerful","volume":"18","author":"Gevarter","year":"1983","journal-title":"IEEE Spectrum"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB16","series-title":"Artificial Intelligence Applications for Business","first-page":"159","article-title":"The industrialization of knowledge engineering","author":"Hayes-Roth","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB17","series-title":"Building Expert Systems","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB18","series-title":"Man and Computer","first-page":"93","article-title":"Discussion of \u201cA new approach to system analysis\u201d by L. A. Zadeh","author":"Kalman","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB19","series-title":"Advances in Fuzzy Set Theory and Applications","first-page":"621","article-title":"A 1979 bibliography of fuzzy sets, their applications and related topics","author":"Kandel","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB20","series-title":"Fuzzy Reasoning and its Applications","first-page":"311","article-title":"An experiment in linguistic synthesis with a fuzzy logic controller","author":"Mamdani","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB21","series-title":"Fuzzy Sets and Decision Analysis","article-title":"Use of fuzzy logic for implementing rule-based control of industrial processes","volume":"20","author":"Mamdani","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB22","series-title":"Discrete Systems and Fuzzy Reasoning","first-page":"125","article-title":"Application of fuzzy logic to controller design based on linguistic protocol","author":"Mamdani","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB23","series-title":"Expert Systems in the Micro Electronic Age","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB24","series-title":"The Rotary Cement Kiln","author":"Peray","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB25","series-title":"Artificial Intelligence Applications for Business","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB26","series-title":"Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World","author":"Salmon","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB27","series-title":"Proceedings of CIPS Session 84 Canad. Inform. Processing Soc.","first-page":"202","article-title":"Interactive knowledge elicitation","author":"Shaw","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB28","series-title":"Computer-Based Medical Consultations: mycin","author":"Shortliffe","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB29","first-page":"12","article-title":"Thinking machines\u2014a new field in electrical engineering","volume":"3","author":"Zadeh","year":"1950","journal-title":"Columbia Engrg. Quart."},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1109\/TCT.1956.1086328","article-title":"On the identification problem","volume":"CT-3","author":"Zadeh","year":"1956","journal-title":"IRE Trans. Circuit Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB31","first-page":"3","article-title":"What is optimal?","volume":"CT-4","author":"Zadeh","year":"1957","journal-title":"IRE Trans. Circuit Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB32","first-page":"856","article-title":"From circuit theory to system theory","volume":"50","author":"Zadeh","year":"1962"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB33","first-page":"469","article-title":"On the definition of adaptivity","volume":"51","author":"Zadeh","year":"1963"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB34","series-title":"Proceedings of the Second Systems Symposium, Wiley","article-title":"The concept of state in system theory","author":"Zadeh","year":"1964"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","article-title":"Fuzzy sets","volume":"8","author":"Zadeh","year":"1965","journal-title":"Inform. and Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1973.5408575","article-title":"Outline of a new approach to the analysis of complex systems and decision processes","volume":"SMC-2","author":"Zadeh","year":"1973","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Systems Man Cybernet."}],"container-title":["Information Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0020025585900234?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0020025585900234?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]],"date-time":"2019-03-18T12:55:31Z","timestamp":1552913731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/0020025585900234"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,7]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,7]]}},"alternative-id":["0020025585900234"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0020-0255(85)90023-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-0255"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-0255","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,7]]}}}