{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T10:49:50Z","timestamp":1770979790882,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1986,1,1]],"date-time":"1986-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":504921600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90048-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,30]],"date-time":"2003-06-30T18:41:01Z","timestamp":1056998461000},"page":"481-485","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Fuzzy c-means: Optimality of solutions and effective termination of the algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"M.A.","family":"Ismail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shokri Z.","family":"Selim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90048-8_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/01969727308546046","article-title":"A fuzzy relative of the ISODATA process and its use in detecting compact well-separated clusters","volume":"3","author":"Dunn","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Cybernet."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90048-8_BIB2","article-title":"fuzzy mathematics in pattern classification","author":"Bezdek","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90048-8_BIB3","series-title":"The Analysis of Fuzzy Information","article-title":"An improved convergence theory for the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm","author":"Hathaway","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90048-8_BIB4","series-title":"Nonlinear Programming: A Unified Approach","author":"Zangwill","year":"1969"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90048-8_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1986.4767783","article-title":"On the local optimality of the fuzzy ISODATA clustering algorithm","volume":"PAMI-8","author":"Selim","year":"1986","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90048-8_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1984.4767478","article-title":"K-means-type algorithms: a generalized convergence theory and characterization of local optimality","volume":"PAMI-6","author":"Selim","year":"1984","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90048-8_BIB7","series-title":"Nonlinear Programming: Theory and Methods","author":"Martos","year":"1975"}],"container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0031320386900488?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0031320386900488?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]],"date-time":"2019-03-18T10:22:22Z","timestamp":1552904542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/0031320386900488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1986,1]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,1]]}},"alternative-id":["0031320386900488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90048-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3203","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1986,1]]}}}