{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T10:50:57Z","timestamp":1752231057955},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1992,2,1]],"date-time":"1992-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":696902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-n","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,30]],"date-time":"2003-06-30T18:41:01Z","timestamp":1056998461000},"page":"197-209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Relaxation by the Hopfield neural network"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Shiaw-Shian","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Hsiang","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1976.4309519","article-title":"Scene labeling by relaxation operations","volume":"6","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1976","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1978.4309828","article-title":"Relaxation processes for scene labeling: convergence, speed, and stability","volume":"8","author":"Zucker","year":"1978","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB3","series-title":"Proc. Conf. Pattern Recognition Image Process.","first-page":"688","article-title":"Shape matching of 2-d object using a hierarchical stochastic labeling technique","author":"Bhanu","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(83)90020-1","article-title":"Some experiments in relaxation image matching using corner features","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.1977.1674848","article-title":"An application of relaxation labeling to line and curve enhancement","volume":"26","author":"Zucker","year":"1977","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1978.4310019","article-title":"Determining compatibility coefficients for curve enhancement relaxation processes","volume":"8","author":"Peleg","year":"1978","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(88)90066-0","article-title":"On machine recognition of hand-printed Chinese characters by feature relaxation","volume":"21","author":"Ogawa","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(88)90067-2","article-title":"Feature extraction of hand-written Japanese characters by spline functions for relaxation","volume":"21","author":"Sekita","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(90)90003-4","article-title":"A new thinning algorithm for gray-scale images by the relaxation technique","volume":"23","author":"Yu","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB10","volume":"Vol. 2","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB11","first-page":"2554","article-title":"Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computation abilities","volume":"79","author":"Hopfield","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB12","first-page":"3088","article-title":"Neurons with graded response have collective computational properties like those of two-state neurons","volume":"81","author":"Hopfield","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00339943","article-title":"Neural computation of decisions in optimization problems","volume":"52","author":"Hopfield","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8655(88)90040-2","article-title":"Handprinted Chinese character recognition via neural networks","volume":"7","author":"Yong","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00344251","article-title":"Neocognitron: a self-organizing neural network model for a mechanism of pattern recognition unaffected by shift in position","volume":"36","author":"Fukushima","year":"1980","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4985","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.26.004985","article-title":"Neural network model for selective attention in visual pattern recognition and associative recall","volume":"26","author":"Fukushima","year":"1987","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/0893-6080(88)90014-7","article-title":"Neocognitron: a hierarchical neural network capable of visual pattern recognition","volume":"1","author":"Fukushima","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB18","series-title":"Self-organization and Associative Memory","author":"Kohonen","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00344744","article-title":"Adaptive pattern classification and universal recording: I. Parallel development and coding of neural feature detectors","volume":"23","author":"Grossberg","year":"1976","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.87.1.1","article-title":"How does a brain build a cognitive code?","volume":"87","author":"Grossberg","year":"1980","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.1987.1663364","article-title":"connectionist architectures for artificial intelligence","volume":"20","author":"Fahlman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0603_1","article-title":"Connectionist models and their properties","author":"Feldman","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cognitive Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB23","author":"Rumelhart","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB24","series-title":"Explorations in Parallel Distributed Processing","author":"McClelland","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0743-7315(89)90060-9","article-title":"Relaxation and neural learning: points of convergence and divergence","volume":"6","author":"Genis","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Parallel Distributed Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1983.6313075","article-title":"Absolute stability of global pattern formation and parallel memory storage by competitive neural networks","volume":"13","author":"Cohen","year":"1983","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3755256","article-title":"Computing with neural circuits: a model","volume":"233","author":"Hopfield","year":"1986","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1109\/2.31","article-title":"Computing motion using analog and binary resistive networks","volume":"21","author":"Hutchinson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB29","series-title":"Analog VLSI and Neural Systems","author":"Mead","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1983.4767390","article-title":"On the foundations of relaxation labeling","volume":"5","author":"Hummel","year":"1983","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1981.4767131","article-title":"Relaxation: evaluation and applications","volume":"3","author":"Fekete","year":"1981","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1981.4767152","article-title":"Thresholding using relaxation","volume":"3","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1981","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB33","first-page":"175","article-title":"A parallel architecture for relaxation operations","volume":"22","author":"Kamada","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB34","series-title":"Proc. SPIE Conf. Appl. Digital Image Process.","first-page":"153","article-title":"Relaxation using modular operators","author":"Duncan","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB35","series-title":"Image Understanding Proc.","first-page":"164","article-title":"Relaxation, systolic arrays and universal arrays","author":"Willet","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB36","first-page":"115","article-title":"Convergence in neural nets","volume":"Vol. 2","author":"Hirsch","year":"1987"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1109\/18.21239","article-title":"A generalized convergence theory for neural networks","volume":"34","author":"Bruck","year":"1988","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB38","series-title":"Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Pattern Recognition","first-page":"186","article-title":"Compatibility and support functions in probabilistic relaxation","author":"Kittler","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/0146-664X(79)90005-4","article-title":"A method of deriving compatibility coefficients for relaxation operators","volume":"10","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1979","journal-title":"Comput. Graphics Image Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB40","series-title":"Parallel Distributed Processing","first-page":"318","article-title":"Learning internal representations by error propagation","author":"Rumelhart","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-N_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1984.4767596","article-title":"Stochastic relaxation, Gibbs distributions, and the Bayesian restoration of images","volume":"6","author":"Geman","year":"1984","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."}],"container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:003132039290101N?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:003132039290101N?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T06:32:48Z","timestamp":1704868368000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/003132039290101N"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,2]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,2]]}},"alternative-id":["003132039290101N"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90101-n","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3203","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,2]]}}}