{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T13:15:14Z","timestamp":1768742114602,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,11,1]],"date-time":"1991-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":688953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Signal Processing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-v","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,8]],"date-time":"2003-08-08T02:11:51Z","timestamp":1060308711000},"page":"147-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Unified analysis for DOA estimation algorithms in array signal processing"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Fu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Vaccaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB1","series-title":"Proc. IEEE Internat. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. '83","first-page":"336","article-title":"Improving the resolution performance of eigenstructure-based direction-finding algorithm","author":"Barabell","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1109\/29.45540","article-title":"Performance analysis of Root-MUSIC","volume":"Vol. ASSP-37","author":"Rao","year":"1989","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1109\/29.45548","article-title":"Performance analysis of ESPRIT and TAM in determining the direction of arrival of plane waves in noise","volume":"Vol. ASSP-37","author":"Rao","year":"1989","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1109\/29.46553","article-title":"Performance of high resolution frequencies estimation methods compared to the Cramer-Rao bounds","volume":"Vol. ASSP-37","author":"Clergeot","year":"1989","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB5","series-title":"Proc. 2nd International Workshop on SVD and Signal Processing","first-page":"22","article-title":"A performance analysis of the adaptive algorithms in the presence of calibration errors","author":"Farrier","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB6","first-page":"216","article-title":"Theoretical performance prediction of the MUSIC algorithm","volume":"Vol. 135","author":"Farrier","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB7","series-title":"Proc. IEEE Internat. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. '89","first-page":"2811","article-title":"A sensitivity analysis of the MUSIC algorithm","author":"Friedlander","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1109\/29.1515","article-title":"Perturbation analysis of TK method for harmonic retrieval problems","volume":"Vol. ASSP-36","author":"Hua","year":"1988","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB9","series-title":"Proc. IEEE Internat. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. '88","first-page":"2476","article-title":"Matrix pencil method and its performance","author":"Hua","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1986.1164815","article-title":"The statistical performance of the MUSIC and the Minimum-Norm algorithms in resolving plane-waves in noise","volume":"Vol. ASSP-34","author":"Kaveh","year":"1986","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.1983.309427","article-title":"Estimating the angles of arrival of multiple plane waves","volume":"Vol. AES-19","author":"Kumaresan","year":"1983","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.73.001799","article-title":"State-space and singular-value decomposition-based approximation methods for the harmonic retrieval problem","volume":"Vol. 73","author":"Kung","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Amer."},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB13","article-title":"The Theory of Matrices","author":"Lancaster","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB14","series-title":"Proc. 1989 Conf. Information Sciences and Systems","first-page":"447","article-title":"MUSIC performance prediction by matrix approximation at high SNR","author":"Li","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB15","series-title":"Proc. IEEE Internat. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. '89","first-page":"2613","article-title":"Min-Norm Linear Prediction for arbitrary sensor array","author":"Li","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB16","series-title":"Proc. 1990 Conf. Information Sciences and Systems","article-title":"A unified performance analysis of subspace-based polynomial-rooting algorithms for DOA estimation","author":"Li","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1109\/7.62249","article-title":"Analysis of MUSIC and Min-Norm for arbitrary array geometry","volume":"Vol. AES-26","author":"Li","year":"1990","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. System"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1109\/8.76345","article-title":"Performance analysis of the State Space Realization (TAM) and ESPRIT algorithms for DOA estimation","volume":"Vol. AP-39","author":"Li","year":"1991","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB19","series-title":"IEEE Proc. Internat. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. '91","first-page":"1413","article-title":"Performance degradation of DOA estimators due to unknown noise fields","author":"Li","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB20","series-title":"Proc. IEEE Internat. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. '90","first-page":"2575","article-title":"Unified performance analysis of subspace-based estimation algorithms","author":"Li","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB21","series-title":"Proc. IEEE MILCON","first-page":"41.4.1","article-title":"A general approach to direction-finding","author":"Ouibrahim","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB22","series-title":"Proc. 19th Asilomar Conf. on Signals, Systems and Computers","first-page":"83","article-title":"Estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques - ESPRIT","author":"Paulraj","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1109\/29.1557","article-title":"Analysis of the asymptotic relative efficiency of the MUSIC algorithm","volume":"Vol. ASSP-36","author":"Porat","year":"1988","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB24","article-title":"ESPRIT - Estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques","author":"Roy","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB25","series-title":"Proc. RADC Spectral Estimation Workshop","first-page":"243","article-title":"Multiple emitter location and signal parameter estimation","author":"Schmidt","year":"1979"},{"issue":"No. 33","key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1137\/1015095","article-title":"Error and perturbation bounds for subspaces associated with certain eigenvalue problems","volume":"Vol. 15","author":"Stewart","year":"1973","journal-title":"SIAM Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1109\/29.17564","article-title":"MUSIC, maximum likelihood and Cramer-Rao bound","volume":"Vol. ASSP-37","author":"Stoica","year":"1989","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB28","series-title":"Proc. IEEE Internat. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. '90","first-page":"2647","article-title":"An analysis of subspace fitting algorithms in the presence of sensor errors","author":"Swindlehurst","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB29","series-title":"Proc. IEEE Internat. Conf. Acoust. Speech Signal Process. '89","article-title":"Analysis of estimation of signal parameters by linear prediction at high SNR using matrix approximation","author":"Tufts","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-V_BIB30","first-page":"233","article-title":"Efforts of random sensor motion on bearing estimation by the MUSIC algorithm","volume":"Vol. 135","author":"Wong","year":"1988"}],"container-title":["Signal Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:016516849190060V?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:016516849190060V?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,14]],"date-time":"2019-03-14T20:26:47Z","timestamp":1552595207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/016516849190060V"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]}},"alternative-id":["016516849190060V"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0165-1684(91)90060-v","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-1684"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-1684","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]}}}