{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T06:20:58Z","timestamp":1648621258455},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,7,1]],"date-time":"1994-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":773020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information Processing &amp; Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,8]],"date-time":"2002-10-08T18:03:55Z","timestamp":1034100235000},"page":"557-577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Explaining and alleviating information management indeterminism: A knowledge-based framework"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.K.","family":"Danowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.J.","family":"Lynch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.E.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.K.","family":"McHenry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB1","series-title":"Cognitive psychology and its implications","author":"Anderson","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB2","series-title":"An introduction to cybernetics","author":"Ashby","year":"1979"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(88)90106-9","article-title":"Cases studies of the indexing and retrieval of pharmacology papers","volume":"24","author":"Barber","year":"1988","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(198611)37:6<357::AID-ASI1>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Subject access in online catalogs: A design model","volume":"37","author":"Bates","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB5","series-title":"Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual International ACM\/SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","first-page":"11","article-title":"Adaptive information retrieval","author":"Belew","year":"1989"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB6","first-page":"122","article-title":"Simulation of a distributed expert-based information provision mechanism","volume":"3","author":"Belkin","year":"1984","journal-title":"Information Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1177\/016555158200500501","article-title":"Distributed expert problem treatment as a model for information system analysis and design","volume":"5","author":"Belkin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Information Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(86)90055-5","article-title":"Indeterminacy in the subject access to documents","volume":"22","author":"Blair","year":"1986","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.4630310403","article-title":"Fuzzy requests: An approach to weighted boolean searches","volume":"30","author":"Bookstein","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(89)90093-9","article-title":"Outline of a knowledge-base model for an intelligent information retrieval system","volume":"25","author":"Bruandet","year":"1989","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB11","series-title":"The psychology of human computer interaction","author":"Card","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB12","series-title":"Center for Management of Information, College of Business and Public Administration, University of Arizona, Working Paper, CMI-WPS 92-11","article-title":"Concept exploration in large knowledge networks: Symbolic branch-and-bound vs. connectionist Hopfield net activation","author":"Chen","year":"1992"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(05)80107-5","article-title":"User misconceptions of online information retrieval systems","volume":"32","author":"Chen","year":"1990","journal-title":"International Journal of Man-Machine Studies"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(91)90060-Y","article-title":"Cognitive process as a basis for intelligent retrieval systems design","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1109\/21.179830","article-title":"Automatic construction of networks of concepts characterizing document databases","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"1992","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB16","first-page":"25","article-title":"Generating, integrating, and activating thesauri for concept-based document retrieval","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"1993","journal-title":"IEEE EXPERT, Special Series on Artificial Intelligence in Text-Based Information Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(87)90019-7","article-title":"A prototype of an intelligent system for information retrieval: IOTA","volume":"23","author":"Chiaramella","year":"1987","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(87)90017-3","article-title":"Information retrieval by constrained spreading activation in semantic networks","volume":"23","author":"Cohen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(198711)38:6<389::AID-ASI1>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"I3R: A new approach to the design of document retrieval systems","volume":"38","author":"Croft","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(90)90106-C","article-title":"An approach to the automatic construction of global thesauri","volume":"26","author":"Crouch","year":"1990","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB21","series-title":"Protocol analysis: verbal report as data","author":"Ericsson","year":"1984"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(87)90022-7","article-title":"Development of the CODER system: A testbed for artificial intelligence methods in information retrieval","volume":"23","author":"Fox","year":"1987","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB23","series-title":"Cybernetics and the environment","author":"George","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB24","series-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'86)","first-page":"246","article-title":"Collaboration research in SCL","author":"Goodman","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB25","series-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'88)","first-page":"39","article-title":"Computer support for biomedical work groups","author":"Gorry","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB26","series-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work CSCW'86)","first-page":"175","article-title":"Data sharing in group work","author":"Greif","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB27","series-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'88)","first-page":"85","article-title":"Why CSCW applications fail: Problems in the design and evaluation of organizational interfaces","author":"Grudin","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB28","series-title":"Indexer consistency test: Origin, measurement, results and utilization","author":"Hooper","year":"1965"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.20.10.1393","article-title":"Multi-attribute utility models: A review of field and fieldlike studies","volume":"20","author":"Huber","year":"1974","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/249220","article-title":"The nature of organizational decision making and the design of decision support systems","volume":"6","author":"Huber","year":"1979","journal-title":"The Management Information Systems Quarterly"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(89)90092-7","article-title":"MedIndEx system: Medical indexing expert system","volume":"25","author":"Humphrey","year":"1989","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB32","series-title":"Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care","article-title":"Building the unified medical language system","author":"Humphreys","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.4630200112","article-title":"A study of indexer consistency","volume":"20","author":"Hurwitz","year":"1969","journal-title":"American Documentation"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB34","series-title":"Indexer consistency under minimal conditions","author":"Jacoby","year":"1962"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB35","series-title":"Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","article-title":"Construction of a dynamic thesaurus and its use for associated information retrieval","author":"Kimoto","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB36","series-title":"Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual International ACM\/SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","first-page":"21","article-title":"A neural network network for probabilistic information retrieval","author":"Kwok","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB37","series-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work","first-page":"115","article-title":"Object lens: A spreadsheet for cooperative work","author":"Lai","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB38","series-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'88)","first-page":"206","article-title":"Collaborative document production using Quilt","author":"Leland","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB39","series-title":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual International ACM\/SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","first-page":"262","article-title":"A self-organizing semantic map for information retrieval","author":"Lin","year":"1991"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB40","first-page":"4","article-title":"An introduction to computing with neural networks","volume":"4","author":"Lippmann","year":"1987","journal-title":"IEEE Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing Magazine"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB41","series-title":"Proceedings of the IFIP WG8.4 Conference on Multi-user Interfaces and Applications","first-page":"159","article-title":"The Arizona Analyst Information System: Supporting collaborative research on international technological trends","author":"Lynch","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB42","series-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'86)","first-page":"102","article-title":"Semi-structured messages are surprisingly useful for computer-supported coordination","author":"Malone","year":"1986"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1145\/27636.27637","article-title":"Semistructured messages are surprisingly useful for computer-supported coordination","volume":"5","author":"Malone","year":"1987","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1145\/321033.321035","article-title":"On relevance, probabilistic indexing and information retrieval","volume":"7","author":"Maron","year":"1960","journal-title":"Journal of the ACM"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB45","series-title":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care","article-title":"The scope and structure of the first version of the UMLS semantic network","author":"McCray","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB46","series-title":"Proceedings of the 21st Annual HICSS Conference, Decision Support and Knowledge Based Systems Track","first-page":"232","article-title":"Handling textual information in a GDSS database: Experience with the Arizona Analyst Information System","author":"McHenry","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB47","series-title":"Human problem solving","author":"Newell","year":"1972"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1109\/21.24528","article-title":"Development and application of a metric on semantic nets","volume":"19","author":"Rada","year":"1989","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1145\/320289.320291","article-title":"Generation and search of clustered files","volume":"3","author":"Salton","year":"1978","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Database Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB50","series-title":"Automatic text processing","author":"Salton","year":"1989"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.4630360311","article-title":"Advanced feedback methods in information retrieval","volume":"36","author":"Salton","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1145\/361219.361220","article-title":"A vector space model for automatic indexing","volume":"18","author":"Salton","year":"1975","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1108\/eb026562","article-title":"On the specification of term values in automatic indexing","volume":"29","author":"Salton","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB54","series-title":"An artificial intelligence debate: False starts, real foundations","article-title":"Neural networks and artificial intelligence","author":"Schwartz","year":"1989"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(85)90002-0","article-title":"Principles, procedures and rules in an expert system for information retrieval","volume":"21","author":"Shoval","year":"1985","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB56","series-title":"Administrative behavior","author":"Simon","year":"1947"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB57","series-title":"The new science of management decision","author":"Simon","year":"1960"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB58","series-title":"Automatic keyword classification for information retrieval","author":"Sparck Jones","year":"1971"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(76)90004-2","article-title":"A fuzzy model of document retrieval systems","volume":"12","author":"Tahani","year":"1976","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB60","series-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work","first-page":"216","article-title":"Guided tours and tabletops: Tools for communicating in a hypertext environment","author":"Trigg","year":"1988"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(87)90005-7","article-title":"Quality of indexing in online data bases","volume":"23","author":"White","year":"1987","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB62","series-title":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual International ACM\/SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","first-page":"202","article-title":"Using the Cosine measure in neural network for document retrieval","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6_BIB63","series-title":"Analyst Production Description","author":"Xerox","year":"1989"}],"container-title":["Information Processing &amp; Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0306457394900396?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0306457394900396?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,6]],"date-time":"2020-03-06T22:52:32Z","timestamp":1583535152000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/0306457394900396"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]}},"alternative-id":["0306457394900396"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0306-4573(94)90039-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4573","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]}}}