{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T09:45:03Z","timestamp":1751622303792},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,6,1]],"date-time":"1996-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":833587200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information & Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,7]],"date-time":"2003-04-07T17:25:26Z","timestamp":1049736326000},"page":"131-142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Swords and plowshares: Information technology for collaborative advantage"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Ferratt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert L.","family":"Lederer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen R.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Krella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.2307\/248684","article-title":"The Case Research Strategy in Studies of Information Systems","author":"Benbasat","year":"1987","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB2","first-page":"46","article-title":"Community Health Information Networks: Leaders Seek Cooperation Amid Competition","volume":"Vol. 20","author":"Bergman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hospitals and Health Networks"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB3","series-title":"Foundations of Decision Support Systems","author":"Bonczek","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB4","series-title":"Corporate Information Systems Management","author":"Cash","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB5","series-title":"Health Affairs","first-page":"58","article-title":"Health Care Reform and Rural Health Networks","author":"Christianson","year":"1993"},{"issue":"No. 1","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1145\/99977.99987","article-title":"Groupware: Some Issues and Experiences","volume":"Vol. 34","author":"Ellis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"No. 2","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.2307\/41166726","article-title":"Health Care Costs: A Moral and Economic Problem","volume":"Vol. 35","author":"Enthoven","year":"1993","journal-title":"California Management Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.12.suppl_1.24","article-title":"The History and Principles of Managed Competition","volume":"Vol. 12","author":"Enthoven","year":"1993","journal-title":"Health Affairs"},{"issue":"No. 8","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1145\/4021.4022","article-title":"The CIRRUS Banking Network","volume":"Vol. 28","author":"Gifford","year":"1985","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB10","first-page":"55","article-title":"A Framework for Management Information Systems","author":"Gorry","year":"1971","journal-title":"Sloan Management Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB11","first-page":"133","article-title":"Collaborate with Your Competitors \u2014 and Win","author":"Hamel","year":"1989","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"issue":"No. 4","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB12","first-page":"57","article-title":"Competitive Reform and Non-Price Competition: Implications for the Hospital Industry","volume":"Vol. 14","author":"Higgins","year":"1989","journal-title":"Health Care Management Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB13","first-page":"4","article-title":"Paths to Health Reform","author":"Hurst","journal-title":"OECD Observer"},{"issue":"No. 12","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1145\/2135.2137","article-title":"The Information System as a Competitive Weapon","volume":"Vol. 27","author":"Ives","year":"1984","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB15","first-page":"94","article-title":"Beyond Vertical Integration \u2014 The Rise of the Value-Adding Partnership","author":"Johnston","year":"1988","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.2307\/248839","article-title":"Creating Competitive Advantage with Interorganizational Information Systems","author":"Johnston","year":"1988","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"No. 2","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-7206(89)90010-4","article-title":"Using Information and Information Technology for Competitive Advantage: Some Empirical Evidence","volume":"Vol. 17","author":"King","year":"1989","journal-title":"Information and Management"},{"issue":"No. 1","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1147\/sj.321.0111","article-title":"Strategic Control in the Extended Enterprise","volume":"Vol. 32","author":"Konsynski","year":"1993","journal-title":"IBM Systems Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB19","first-page":"114","article-title":"Information Partnerships \u2014 Shared Data, Shared Scale","author":"Konsynski","year":"1990","journal-title":"Harvard Business Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB20","series-title":"Management Information Systems","first-page":"170","article-title":"Personal Information Systems: Applications and Goals","author":"Kroenke","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2307\/248698","article-title":"A Scientific Methodology for MIS Case Studies","author":"Lee","year":"1989","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB22","first-page":"71","article-title":"The Myths and Realities of Competitive Advantage","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Miron","year":"1988","journal-title":"Datamation"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB23","series-title":"Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form, and Action","first-page":"445","article-title":"Small-Firm Networks","author":"Perrow","year":"1992"},{"issue":"No. 4","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB24","first-page":"447","article-title":"Creating Organized Delivery Systems: The Barriers and Facilitators","volume":"Vol. 38","author":"Shortell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hospital and Health Services Administration"},{"issue":"No. 4","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.2307\/2392581","article-title":"An Assessment of the Scientific Merits of Action Research","volume":"Vol. 23","author":"Susman","year":"1978","journal-title":"Administrative Science Quarterly"},{"issue":"No. 4","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1.4.377","article-title":"Electronic Integration and Strategic Advantage: A Quasi-Experimental Study in the Insurance Industry","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Venkatraman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"issue":"No. 3","key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.2307\/249619","article-title":"An Exploratory Study of Roles in Computer-Supported Groups","volume":"Vol. 18","author":"Zigurs","year":"1994","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2_BIB28","series-title":"Health Management Technology","first-page":"28","article-title":"A CHIN Primer","author":"Zinn","year":"1994"}],"container-title":["Information & Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0378720695000402?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0378720695000402?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T22:54:45Z","timestamp":1556060085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/0378720695000402"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]}},"alternative-id":["0378720695000402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0378-7206(95)00040-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-7206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-7206","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,6]]}}}