{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T15:32:06Z","timestamp":1651678326131},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,1,1]],"date-time":"1994-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":757382400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,19]],"date-time":"2013-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7139,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Logic Programming"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T03:47:32Z","timestamp":1027655252000},"page":"55-80","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hierarchical representation of legal knowledge with metaprogramming in logic"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jonas","family":"Barklund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Hamfelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB1","series-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law","article-title":"More IA Needed in AI: Interpretation Assistance for Coping with the Problem of Multiple Structural Interpretations","author":"Allen","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB2","series-title":"Metaprogramming in Logic Programming","article-title":"What Is a Meta-variable in Prolog?","author":"Barklund","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB3","series-title":"Constraint Satisfaction in a Metalogic Language","author":"Barklund","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB4","series-title":"Logic Programming","article-title":"Amalgamating Language and Metalanguage in Logic Programming","author":"Bowen","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB5","series-title":"1985 Symposium on Logic Programming","article-title":"A Meta-level Extension of Prolog","author":"Bowen","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(81)90010-2","article-title":"Using Meta-level Inference for Selective Application of Multiple Rewrite Rules in Algebraic Manipulation","volume":"16","author":"Bundy","year":"1981","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB7","series-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Metaprogramming in Logic","article-title":"Logic Meta-Programming Facilities in 'LOG","volume":"649","author":"Cervesato","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB8","series-title":"Logic and Data Bases","article-title":"Negation as Failure","author":"Clark","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB9","series-title":"Groupe de Recherche en Intelligence Artificielle","article-title":"Un Syst\u00e8me de Communication Homme-Machine en Fran\u00e7ais","author":"Colmerauer","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB10","series-title":"Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Logic Programming","article-title":"A Metalogic Programming Language","author":"Costantini","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB11","series-title":"Pre-Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress\u2014Logica, Informatica, Diritto\u2014Expert Systems in Law","article-title":"Analogical Reasoning in Reflective Prolog","author":"Costantini","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB12","series-title":"Proc. IJCAI-77","article-title":"Meta-Level Knowledge: Overview and Application","author":"Davis","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.2307\/2964649","article-title":"Transfinite Recursive Progressions of Axiomatic Theories","volume":"27","author":"Feferman","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Symbolic Logic"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB14","series-title":"Collected Papers on Mathematics, Logic, and Philosophy","article-title":"What is a Function?","author":"Frege","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0743-1066(84)90029-3","article-title":"N-Prolog: an Extension of Prolog with Hypothetical Implications. I.","volume":"4","author":"Gabbay","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Logic Programming"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB16","series-title":"Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Logic Programming","article-title":"Logic Programs with Classical Negation","author":"Gelfond","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01700692","article-title":"\u00dcber formal unentscheidbare S\u00e4tze der Principia Mathematica und verwandter Systeme, I","volume":"38","author":"G\u00f6del","year":"1931","journal-title":"Monatsh. Math."},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB18","series-title":"The Nature and Sources of the Law","author":"Gray","year":"1909"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB19","series-title":"The Nature and Sources of the Law","author":"Gray","year":"1927"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB20","series-title":"Ph.L. Thesis","article-title":"The Multilevel Structure of Legal Knowledge and Its Representation","author":"Hamfelt","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB21","series-title":"Ph.D. Thesis","article-title":"Metalogic Representation of Multilayered Knowledge","author":"Hamfelt","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB22","series-title":"Pre-Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress\u2014Logica, Informatica, Diritto\u2014Expert Systems in Law","article-title":"Meta Levels in Legal Knowledge and Their Runnable Representation in Logic","author":"Hamfelt","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB23","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Metaprogramming in Logic","article-title":"Metaprogramming for Representation of Legal Principles","author":"Hamfelt","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB24","author":"Hamfelt","year":"1992","journal-title":"A Semiformal Metatheory for Fragmentary and Multilayered Knowledge as an Interactive Metalogic Program"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB25","series-title":"The Concept of Law","author":"Hart","year":"1961"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB26","article-title":"\u00dcber die Grundlagen der Logik und der Arithmetik","author":"Hilbert","year":"1905","journal-title":"Verhandlungen des Dritten Inter. Mathematiker-Kongresses in Heidelberg 1904"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB27","series-title":"TR-91-02","article-title":"The G\u00f6del Report","author":"Hill","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB28","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Metaprogramming in Logic","article-title":"An Application of Amalgamated Logic to Multi-agent Belief","author":"Kim","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB29","series-title":"Logic for Problem Solving","author":"Kowalski","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB30","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law","article-title":"The Treatment of Negation in Logic Programs for Representing Legislation","author":"Kowalski","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB31","article-title":"Meta Matters","author":"Kowalski","year":"1990","journal-title":"1990 Workshop on Metaprogramming in Logic"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB32","series-title":"Computational Logic","article-title":"Problems and Promises of Computational Logic","author":"Kowalski","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB33","volume":"Vol. 5","author":"von","year":"1963"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03037414","article-title":"A Knowledge Representation and Inference System for Procedural Law","volume":"5","author":"Nitta","year":"1988","journal-title":"New Generation Computing"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB35","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law","article-title":"Hierarchically Organised Formalisations","author":"Routen","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1145\/5689.5920","article-title":"The British Nationality Act as a Logic Program","volume":"29","author":"Sergot","year":"1986","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0743-1066(84)90002-5","article-title":"Logical Levels of Problem Solving","volume":"1","author":"Sterling","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Logic Programming"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.2307\/2102968","article-title":"Semantic Conception of Truth","volume":"4","author":"Tarski","year":"1944","journal-title":"Philosophy and Phenomenological Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB39_1","first-page":"230","article-title":"On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem","volume":"42","author":"Turing","year":"1936","journal-title":"Proc. London Math. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB39_2","first-page":"544","article-title":"On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem","volume":"43","author":"Turing","year":"1937","journal-title":"Proc. London Math. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB40","series-title":"M.E. thesis","article-title":"Representation of Hierarchical Knowledge in G\u00f6del","author":"Verdickt","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB41","series-title":"SRI Technical Note 309","article-title":"An Abstract Prolog Instruction Set","author":"Warren","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(80)90015-6","article-title":"Prolegomena to a Theory of Mechanized Formal Reasoning","volume":"13","author":"Weyhrauch","year":"1980","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8_BIB43","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deontic Logic","volume":"60","author":"von","year":"1951","journal-title":"Mind"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Logic Programming"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0743106694900418?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0743106694900418?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,13]],"date-time":"2019-04-13T03:57:43Z","timestamp":1555127863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/0743106694900418"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]}},"alternative-id":["0743106694900418"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0743-1066(94)90041-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0743-1066"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0743-1066","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]}}}