{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:41:07Z","timestamp":1782780067511,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":558,"publisher":"Elsevier","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780080983004","type":"print"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/b978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,7]],"date-time":"2013-11-07T21:43:19Z","timestamp":1383860599000},"page":"131-190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":147,"title":["The Geochemistry of Acid Mine Drainage"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"D.W.","family":"Blowes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.J.","family":"Ptacek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.L.","family":"Jambor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.G.","family":"Weisener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Paktunc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.D.","family":"Gould","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.B.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.minpro.2003.09.002","article-title":"Variations in the compositional, textural and electrical properties of natural pyrite: A review","volume":"74","author":"Abraitis","year":"2004","journal-title":"International Journal of Mineral Processing"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2005.03.001","article-title":"The fate of major constituents and chromium and other trace elements when acid waters from the derelict Libiola mine (Italy) are mixed with stream waters","volume":"20","author":"Accornero","year":"2005","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2009.03.008","article-title":"Multiphase flow and reactive transport model in vadose tailings","volume":"24","author":"Acero","year":"2009","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0025","series-title":"Glossary of Geology and Related Sciences","author":"AGI","year":"1957"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2923","DOI":"10.1021\/es970124k","article-title":"Microbial mobilization of arsenic from sediments of the Aberjona watershed","volume":"31","author":"Ahmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0035","unstructured":"Al TA (1996) The Hydrology and Geochemistry of Thickened, Sulfide-Rich Tailings, Kidd Creek Mine, Timmins, Ontario. PhD Thesis, University of Waterloo."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(95)02898-6","article-title":"Storm-water hydrograph separation of run off from a mine-tailings impoundment formed by thickened tailings discharge at Kidd Creek, Timmins, Ontario","volume":"180","author":"Al","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1139\/t94-059","article-title":"The geochemistry of mine-waste rock pore-water affected by the combined disposal of natrojarosite and base-metal sulfide tailings at Kidd Creek, Timmins, Ontario","volume":"31","author":"Al","year":"1994","journal-title":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3933","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(00)00483-X","article-title":"Carbonate-mineral\/water interactions in sulfide-rich mine tailings","volume":"64","author":"Al","year":"2000","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620120602","article-title":"Effects of acidification on metal accumulation by aquatic plants and invertebrates. 1. Constructed wetlands","volume":"12","author":"Albers","year":"1993","journal-title":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0060","series-title":"MINTEQA2\/PRODEFA2, A Geochemical Assessment Model for Environmental Systems: Version 3.0 User's Manual","author":"Allison","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0065","first-page":"247","article-title":"Secondary minerals and acid mine water chemistry","volume":"vol. 22","author":"Alpers","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0070","series-title":"The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits","first-page":"289","article-title":"Geochemical modeling of water\u2013rock interactions in mining environments","volume":"vol. 6A","author":"Alpers","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-1136(99)00042-2","article-title":"Brown algae species as biomonitors of Zn and Cd at Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"48","author":"Amado Filho","year":"1999","journal-title":"Marine Environmental Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.2136\/vzj2009.0002","article-title":"Measurement of wind-induced pressure gradients in a waste rock pile","volume":"6","author":"Amos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vadose Zone Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.044537-0","article-title":"Phylogenetic and genetic variation among Fe(II)-oxidizing acidithiobacilli supports the view that these comprise multiple species with different ferrous iron oxidation pathways","volume":"157","author":"Amouric","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gexplo.2008.06.005","article-title":"Comparison of laboratory testing protocols to field observations of the weathering of sulfide-bearing mine tailings","volume":"100","author":"Ardau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration"},{"issue":"396","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1180\/minmag.1995.059.396.05","article-title":"Acid sulfate alteration in a magmatic hydrothermal environment, Barton Peninsula, King-George Island, Antarctica","volume":"59","author":"Armstrong","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mineralogical Magazine"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-0952.1999.00748.x","article-title":"Arsenic contamination at the Mole River mine, northern New South Wales","volume":"46","author":"Ashley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Earth Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0105","unstructured":"ASTM (2001) Standard test method for accelerated weathering of solid materials using a modified humidity cell. Method D5744-96"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1897\/08-277.1","article-title":"Toxicity of select organic acids to the slightly thermophilic acidophile Acidithiobacillus caldus","volume":"28","author":"Aston","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2009.09.006","article-title":"Microbial reductive dissolution of stable ferrous arsenate mineral phases: A case for arsenic mobility","volume":"24","author":"Babechuk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12343","DOI":"10.1021\/j100149a040","article-title":"Ion interaction model applied to the CuSO4\u2013H2SO4\u2013H2O system at 25\u00b0C","volume":"97","author":"Baes","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(99)00069-8","article-title":"Modelling of sulfide oxidation with reactive transport at a mine drainage site","volume":"41","author":"Bain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(01)00155-3","article-title":"Modelling the closure-related geochemical evolution of groundwater at a former uranium mine","volume":"52","author":"Bain","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ball JW and Nordstrom DK (1987) WATEQ4F \u2013 A personal computer Fortran translation of the geochemical model WATEQ2 with revised data base. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 87\u201350.","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr8750"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0135","first-page":"173","article-title":"Microbial controls on mineralogy of the environment","volume":"vol. 2","author":"Banfield","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3037","DOI":"10.1021\/es960389j","article-title":"Formation of mercuric sulfide in soil","volume":"31","author":"Barnett","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(01)00026-9","article-title":"Oxidative dissolution of metacinnabar (\u03b2-HgS) by dissolved oxygen","volume":"16","author":"Barnett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(95)00392-4","article-title":"Solubility of jarosite at 4\u201335\u00b0C","volume":"60","author":"Baron","year":"1996","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.56.9.2801-2806.1990","article-title":"Growth and maintenance of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans cells","volume":"56","author":"Barron","year":"1990","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540050435","article-title":"Renovation of a failed constructed wetland treating acid mine drainage","volume":"39","author":"Barton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0165","first-page":"869","article-title":"Lead activation of sphalerite during galena flotation","volume":"9","author":"Basilio","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mining Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2816","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.023408-0","article-title":"Proposal that the arsenite-oxidizing organisms, Thiomonas cuprina and 'Thiomonas arsenivorans' be reclassified as strains of Thiomonas delicata","volume":"61","author":"Battaglia-Brunet","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2008.01.002","article-title":"Iron and manganese removal in wetland treatment systems: Rates, processes and implications for management","volume":"394","author":"Batty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(96)05410-1","article-title":"Inhibition of pyrite oxidation by surface treatment","volume":"196","author":"Belzile","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02407202","article-title":"Base cation composition of pore water, peat and pool water of fifteen Ontario peatlands: Implications for peatland acidification","volume":"96","author":"Bendell-Young","year":"1996","journal-title":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1021\/es981040u","article-title":"Geochemistry of a permeable reactive barrier for metals and acid mine drainage","volume":"33","author":"Benner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6592.1997.tb01269.x","article-title":"A full-scale porous reactive wall for prevention of acid mine drainage","volume":"17","author":"Benner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(01)00084-1","article-title":"Rates of sulfate removal and metal sulfide precipitation in a permeable reactive barrier","volume":"17","author":"Benner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(00)00219-9","article-title":"Microbial populations associated with the generation and treatment of acid mine drainage","volume":"169","author":"Benner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s100400050007","article-title":"Microbial control of mineral-groundwater equilibria: Macroscale to microscale","volume":"8","author":"Bennet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hydrogeology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0215","first-page":"9","article-title":"Intrinsic oxidation rates of coal reject measured in the laboratory","volume":"1","author":"Bennett","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proceedings of Sudbury '99 Mining and the Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1021\/es9808200","article-title":"Sulfide controls on mercury speciation and bioavailability to methylating bacteria in sediment pore waters","volume":"33","author":"Benoit","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540050152","article-title":"Mine waste dumps and heavy metal pollution in abandoned mining district of Boccheggiano (Southern Tuscany, Italy)","volume":"30","author":"Benvenuti","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1127\/0935-1221\/2000\/0012-0441","article-title":"Environmental mineralogy and geochemistry of waste dumps at the Pb(Zn)\u2013Ag Bottino mine, Apuane Alps, Italy","volume":"12","author":"Benvenuti","year":"2000","journal-title":"European Journal of Mineralogy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(99)00074-8","article-title":"A process model of natural attenuation in drainage from a historic mining district","volume":"15","author":"Berger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1139\/m93-056","article-title":"Temperature studies of iron oxidizing autotrophs and acidophilic heterotrophs isolated from uranium mines","volume":"39","author":"Berthelot","year":"1993","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0245","first-page":"747","article-title":"The design of a low flux cover system, including lysimeters, for acid generating waste rock in semi-arid environments","author":"Bews","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1007\/s100400050202","article-title":"Simulation of the effects of geochemical reactions on groundwater quality during planned flooding of the K\u00f6nigstein uranium mine, Saxony, Germany","volume":"7","author":"Biehler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hydrogeology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0255","series-title":"Sulfate Minerals \u2013 Crystallography, Geochemistry, and Environmental Significance","first-page":"352","article-title":"Iron and aluminum hydroxysulfates from acid sulfate waters","volume":"vol. 40","author":"Bigham","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(90)90009-A","article-title":"A poorly crystallized oxyhydroxysulfate of iron formed by bacterial oxidation of Fe(II) in acid mine waters","volume":"54","author":"Bigham","year":"1990","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(96)00091-9","article-title":"Schwertmannite and the chemical modeling of iron in acid sulfate waters","volume":"60","author":"Bigham","year":"1996","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1139\/e90-017","article-title":"Quantitative coal mineralogy of the Sydney Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada, by scanning electron microscopy, computerized image analysis, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry","volume":"27","author":"Birk","year":"1989","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2006.09.021","article-title":"Arsenic incorporation into FeS2 pyrite and its influence on dissolution: A DFT study","volume":"71","author":"Blanchard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(02)00052-5","article-title":"Thermodynamics and organic matter: Constraints on neutralization processes in sediments of highly acidic waters","volume":"18","author":"Blodau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0285","unstructured":"Blowes DW (1990) The Geochemistry, Hydrogeology and Mineralogy of Decommissioned Sulfide Tailings. A Comparative Study. PhD Thesis, University of Waterloo."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(88)90062-5","article-title":"The generation and quality of streamflow on inactive uranium tailings near Elliot Lake, Ontario","volume":"97","author":"Blowes","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2927(90)90008-S","article-title":"The pore-water geochemistry and the mineralogy of the vadose zone of sulfide tailings, Waite Amulet, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada","volume":"5","author":"Blowes","year":"1990","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0300","first-page":"251","article-title":"Temporal observations of the geochemistry and mineralogy of a sulfide-rich mine-tailings impoundment, Heath Steele mines, New Brunswick","volume":"1","author":"Blowes","year":"1992","journal-title":"Exploration and Mining Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0305","first-page":"687","article-title":"Geochemical, mineralogical and microbiological characterization of a sulfide-bearing, carbonate-rich, gold mine tailings impoundment, Joutel, Qu\u00e9bec","volume":"31","author":"Blowes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0310","first-page":"214","article-title":"Geochemical remediation of groundwater by permeable reactive walls: Removal of chromate by reaction with iron-bearing solids","author":"Blowes","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0315","unstructured":"Blowes DW and Ptacek CJ (1992b) Treatment of mine tailings. US Patent 4990031, Canadian Patent 1327027, UK Patent GB 2219617 B."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0320","first-page":"271","article-title":"Acid-neutralization mechanisms in inactive mine tailings","volume":"vol. 22","author":"Blowes","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(00)00122-4","article-title":"Treatment of dissolved metals and nutrients using permeable reactive barriers","volume":"45","author":"Blowes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(00)00122-4","article-title":"Treatment of dissolved metals and nutrients using permeable reactive barriers","volume":"45","author":"Blowes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0335","first-page":"365","article-title":"Remediation and prevention of low-quality drainage from mine wastes","volume":"vol. 22","author":"Blowes","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(91)90155-X","article-title":"The formation and potential importance of cemented layers in inactive sulfide mine tailings","volume":"55","author":"Blowes","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02654839","article-title":"The kinetics of dissolution of sphalerite in ferric chloride solution","volume":"16b","author":"Bobeck","year":"1985","journal-title":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-386X(01)00184-0","article-title":"Solid\u2013liquid mass transfer limitation of ferrous iron in the chemical oxidation of FeS2 at high redox potential","volume":"62","author":"Boon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"issue":"772","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0355","first-page":"86","article-title":"Chemical processes in abandoned sulfide tailings dumps and environmental implications for Northeastern New Brunswick","volume":"69","author":"Boorman","year":"1976","journal-title":"CIM Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1139\/f01-048","article-title":"Identifying cause in sediment assessments: Bioavailability and sediment quality triad","volume":"58","author":"Borgmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540050233","article-title":"A comparative mineralogical and geochemical study of sulfide mine tailings at two sites in New Mexico, USA","volume":"33","author":"Boulet","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0370","first-page":"523","article-title":"Geologic control on acidic and metal-rich waters in the southeast Red Mountains area, near Silverton, Colorado","author":"Bove","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2927(94)90038-8","article-title":"Sorption of arsenic by iron oxides and oxyhydroxides in soils","volume":"9","author":"Bowell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2927(94)00036-6","article-title":"Geochemistry of iron ochres and mine waters from the Levant mine, Cornwall","volume":"10","author":"Bowell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0380","unstructured":"BP (2010) BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2010, 44 p. www.bp.com\/statisticalreview"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0385","first-page":"32","article-title":"Bimodal distribution of pH coal-mine drainage (abs)","volume":"29","author":"Brady","year":"1997","journal-title":"Geological Society of America, GSA Abstracts with Programs"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540100373","article-title":"A river runs through it: Impact of acid mine drainage on the geochemistry of West Little Sugar Creek pre- and post- reclamation at the Green Valley coal mine, Indiana, USA","volume":"40","author":"Brake","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-703X(99)00018-2","article-title":"Effects of pH on ferrous-iron oxidation kinetics of Leptospirillum ferrooxidans in continuous culture","volume":"3","author":"Breed","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.6.2181-2186.1998","article-title":"Reduction of soluble iron and reductive dissolution of ferric iron-containing minerals by moderately thermophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria","volume":"64","author":"Bridge","year":"1998","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/01490450050121161","article-title":"Reductive dissolution of ferric iron minerals by Acidiphilium SJH","volume":"17","author":"Bridge","year":"2000","journal-title":"Geomicrobiology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2006.05.007","article-title":"Integration of field measurements and reactive solute transport modelling to evaluate contaminant transport at a sulfide mine tailings impoundment","volume":"88","author":"Brookfield","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0415","series-title":"Special Issue \u2013 Reactive Transport Modeling of Natural Systems","first-page":"225","article-title":"Analysis and simulation of reactive transport of metal contaminants in ground water in Pinal Creek Basin, Arizona","volume":"vol. 209","author":"Brown","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1021\/cr980011z","article-title":"Metal oxide surfaces and their interactions with aqueous solutions and microbial organisms","volume":"99","author":"Brown","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chemical Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq1989.00472425001800040028x","article-title":"Pyrite oxidation in aqueous mixtures","volume":"18","author":"Brown","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Quality"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(99)00188-X","article-title":"Precipitation of iron minerals by a natural microbial consortium","volume":"63","author":"Brown","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4332(88)90052-9","article-title":"The surface composition of arsenopyrite exposed to oxidizing environments","volume":"35","author":"Buckley","year":"1988","journal-title":"Applied Surface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5963(84)90003-5","article-title":"An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of the oxidation of galena","volume":"17","author":"Buckley","year":"1984","journal-title":"Applications of Surface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2403","DOI":"10.1071\/CH9842403","article-title":"An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of the oxidation of chalcopyrite","volume":"37","author":"Buckley","year":"1984","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5963(85)90061-3","article-title":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of oxidized pyrrhotite surfaces","volume":"22\/23","author":"Buckley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Applications of Surface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4332(87)90153-X","article-title":"The surface oxidation of pyrite","volume":"27","author":"Buckley","year":"1987","journal-title":"Applied Surface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-386X(89)90040-6","article-title":"The surface composition of natural sphalerites under oxidative leaching conditions","volume":"22","author":"Buckley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9202","DOI":"10.1021\/es902461x","article-title":"Sorption of arsenic(V) and arsenic(III) to schwertmannite","volume":"43","author":"Burton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014584607501","article-title":"The role of bivalve molluscs as tools in estuarine sediment toxicity testing: A review","volume":"465","author":"Byrne","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0475","series-title":"The Geology, Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Beneficiation of Platinum-Group Elements","author":"Cabri","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1021\/es0110271","article-title":"Scavenging of As from acid mine drainage by schwertmannite and ferrihydrite: A comparison with synthetic analogues","volume":"26","author":"Carlson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3825","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(92)90173-G","article-title":"On the temperature dependence of mineral dissolution rates","volume":"56","author":"Casey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2004.12.039","article-title":"Sorption and redox processes controlling arsenic fate and transport in a stream impacted by acid mine drainage","volume":"347","author":"Casiot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01028964","article-title":"Predictive capabilities of a finite difference model of copper leaching in low grade industrial sulfide waste dumps","volume":"11","author":"Cathles","year":"1979","journal-title":"Mathematical Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0505","first-page":"123","article-title":"Attempts to model the industrial-scale leaching of copper-bearing mine waste","volume":"vol. 550","author":"Cathles","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4332(96)00579-X","article-title":"Spectroscopic study of galena surface oxidation in aqueous solutions","volume":"108","author":"Chernyshova","year":"1997","journal-title":"Applied Surface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-2361(93)90072-A","article-title":"The fate of trace elements during combustion and gasification: An overview","volume":"72","author":"Clarke","year":"1993","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0520","series-title":"Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions","first-page":"279","article-title":"Activity coefficients in natural waters","author":"Clegg","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00238-X","article-title":"Multiple factor design for reactive mixture selection for use in reactive walls in mine drainage treatment","volume":"32","author":"Cocos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0530","unstructured":"Coggans CJ (1992) Hydrogeology and Geochemistry of the Inco Ltd. Copper Cliff, Ontario, Mine Tailings Impoundments. MSc Thesis, University of Waterloo."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0535","first-page":"447","article-title":"The hydrogeochemistry of a nickel-mine tailings impoundment, Copper Cliff, Ontario","volume":"6B","author":"Coggans","year":"1998","journal-title":"Reviews in Economic Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(90)90440-V","article-title":"Formation of ferric oxides from aqueous solutions: A polyhedral approach by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. II. Hematite formation from ferric gels","volume":"54","author":"Combes","year":"1990","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(89)90001-X","article-title":"Formation of ferric oxides from aqueous solutions: A polyhedral approach by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. I. Hydrolysis and formation of ferric gels","volume":"53","author":"Combes","year":"1989","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0550","series-title":"Handbook of Groundwater Remediation Using Permeable Reactive Barriers \u2013 Applications to Radionuclides, Trace Metals, and Nutrients","first-page":"221","article-title":"Treatability study of reactive materials to remediate groundwater contaminated with radionuclides, metals, and nitrates in a four-component permeable reactive barrier","author":"Conca","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2009.09.008","article-title":"Arsenopyrite oxidation \u2013 A review","volume":"24","author":"Corkhill","year":"2009","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0560","first-page":"30","article-title":"Evidence that the potential for dissimilatory ferric iron reduction is widespread among acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria, FEMS Microbiol","volume":"279","author":"Coupland","year":"2008","journal-title":"Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0565","first-page":"345","article-title":"Secondary iron sulfate minerals as sources of sulfate and acidity \u2013 The geochemical evolution of acidic ground water at a reclaimed surface coal mine in Pennsylvania","volume":"vol. 550","author":"Cravotta","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/s10230-010-0113-5","article-title":"Abandoned mine drainage in the Swatara Creek Basin, Southern Anthracite Coalfield, Pennsylvania, USA: Performance of treatment systems","volume":"29","author":"Cravotta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mine Water and the Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/01490450701457329","article-title":"Reductive release of trace metals from sediments: The importance of manganese","volume":"24","author":"Crowe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geomicrobiology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.690340709","article-title":"Effect of iron impurity in zinc sulfide concentrates on the rate of dissolution","volume":"34","author":"Crundwell","year":"1988","journal-title":"AIChE Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1021\/es980541c","article-title":"Arsenic mobilization by the dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacterium Shewanella alga BrY","volume":"33","author":"Cummings","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.1.154-162.2000","article-title":"Evidence for microbial Fe(III) reduction in anoxic, mining-impacted lake sediments (Lake Coeur d'Alene, Idaho)","volume":"66","author":"Cummings","year":"2000","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1999.tb00680.x","article-title":"The toxicity of iron to brown trout and effects on the gills: A comparison of two grades of iron sulfate","volume":"55","author":"Dalzell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4923","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(93)90129-K","article-title":"The solubility of sphalerite (ZnS) in sulfidic solutions at 25\u00b0C and 1atm pressure","volume":"57","author":"Daskalakis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0600","first-page":"297","article-title":"Water cover on acid generating uranium tailings \u2013 Laboratory and field studies","author":"Dav\u00e9","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0605","first-page":"93","article-title":"Geomicrobiology of the oxic zone of sulfide mine tailings","volume":"vol. 25","author":"Davis","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2927(89)90056-5","article-title":"The aqueous geochemistry of the Berkeley Pit, Butte, Montana, USA","volume":"4","author":"Davis","year":"1989","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2008.05.030","article-title":"Ferrous iron oxidation and leaching of copper ore with halotolerant bacteria in ore columns","volume":"94","author":"Davis-Belmar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1071\/SR03089","article-title":"Acid sulfate soils in dredged materials from tidal Pocomoke Sound in Somerset County, MD, USA","volume":"42","author":"Demas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Soil Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620201034","article-title":"Biotic ligand model of acute toxicity of metals. 1. Technical basis","volume":"20","author":"Di Toro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0630","article-title":"Guidelines for Acid Rock Prediction in the North","author":"DIAND","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0375-6742(01)00199-6","article-title":"Supergene mineralization in mining residues of the Matchless cupreous pyrite deposit (Namibia) \u2013 A clue to the origin of modern and fossil duricrusts in semiarid climates","volume":"75","author":"Dill","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1180\/000985598545723","article-title":"Fine-grained weathering products in waste disposal from two sulphide mines in the Northern Apennines, Italy","volume":"33","author":"Dinelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(99)00386-5","article-title":"XPS studies on the electronic structure of bonding between solid and solutes: Adsorption of arsenate, chromate, phosphate, Pb2+, and Zn2+ ions on amorphous black ferric oxyhydroxide","volume":"64","author":"Ding","year":"2000","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0375-6742(01)00174-1","article-title":"Element cycling and secondary mineralogy in porphyry copper tailings as a function of climate, primary mineralogy, and mineral processing","volume":"74","author":"Dold","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(01)00068-3","article-title":"Mercury and methylmercury in water and sediment of the Sacramento River Basin, California","volume":"16","author":"Domagalski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2012.02749.x","article-title":"Biodiversity, metabolism and applications of acidophilic sulfur-metabolizing micro-organisms","author":"Dopson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1180\/claymin.1993.028.2.02","article-title":"Structural model for ferrihydrite","volume":"28","author":"Drits","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubrovsky NM (1986) Geochemical Evolution of Inactive Pyritic Tailings in the Elliot Lake Uranium District. PhD Thesis, University of Waterloo.","DOI":"10.1139\/t85-011"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.2166\/wqrj.1984.016","article-title":"Uranium tailings acidification and subsurface contaminant migration in a sand aquifer","volume":"19","author":"Dubrovsky","year":"1984","journal-title":"Water Pollution Research Journal of Canada"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260290107","article-title":"Prevention of formation of acid drainage from high-sulfur coal refuse by inhibition of iron- and sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms. I. Preliminary experiments in controlled shaken flasks","volume":"29","author":"Dugan","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260290108","article-title":"Prevention of formation of acid drainage from high-sulfur coal refuse by inhibition of iron- and sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms. II. Inhibition in \u201cRun of mine\u201d refuse under simulated field conditions","volume":"29","author":"Dugan","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0690","first-page":"1319","article-title":"Field performance of two low infiltration cover systems in semi arid environment","author":"Durham","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3770(95)00448-9","article-title":"Arsenic bioaccumulation and toxicity in aquatic macrophytes exposed to gold-mine effluent: Relationships with environmental partitioning, metal uptake and nutrients","volume":"50","author":"Dushenko","year":"1995","journal-title":"Aquatic Botany"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s11837-999-0168-6","article-title":"The effectiveness of jarosite species for precipitating sodium jarosite","volume":"51","author":"Dutrizac","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of the Minerals Metals & Materials Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0705","series-title":"Sulfate Minerals \u2013 Crystallography, Geochemistry, and Environmental Significance","first-page":"406","article-title":"Jarosites and their application in hydrometallurgy","volume":"vol. 40","author":"Dutrizac","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2006.11.011","article-title":"Characterization of the iron arsenate\u2013sulphate compounds precipitated at elevated temperatures","volume":"86","author":"Dutrizac","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0715","first-page":"151","article-title":"Synthesis and properties of jarosite-type compounds","volume":"14","author":"Dutrizac","year":"1976","journal-title":"The Canadian Mineralogist"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1179\/cmq.1973.12.4.409","article-title":"The effect of some impurities on the rate of chalcopyrite dissolution","volume":"12","author":"Dutrizac","year":"1973","journal-title":"Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(99)00049-9","article-title":"Geochemical and equilibrium trends in mine pit lakes","volume":"14","author":"Eary","year":"1999","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9525","series-title":"Mine Pit Lakes: Characteristics, Predictive Modelling, and Sustainability","first-page":"275","article-title":"The state of the art of pit lake research","author":"Eary","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(02)00049-5","article-title":"Geochemical controls on ground water composition at the Cripple Creek Mining District, Cripple Creek, Colorado","volume":"18","author":"Eary","year":"2003","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(00)00216-3","article-title":"Geochemical and biological aspects of sulfide mineral dissolution: Lessons from Iron Mountain, California","volume":"169","author":"Edwards","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/014904599270668","article-title":"Geomicrobiology of pyrite (FeS2) dissolution: A case study at Iron Mountain, California","volume":"16","author":"Edwards","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geomicrobiology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(03)00089-9","article-title":"Seafloor bio-alteration of sulfide minerals: Results from in-situ incubation studies","volume":"67","author":"Edwards","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.2138\/am-1998-11-1233","article-title":"Microbial oxidation of pyrite: Experiments using microorganisms from extreme acidic environment","volume":"83","author":"Edwards","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0755","unstructured":"Ericson PM and Ladwig J (1985) Control of acid formation by the inhibition of bacteria and by coating pyrite surfaces. Final Report to the West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, 68 pp."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(99)00270-5","article-title":"Arsenic contamination in wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) and bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) on abandoned mine sites in southwest Britain","volume":"110","author":"Erry","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environmental Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0765","series-title":"Pyrite Oxidation and its Control: Solution Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, Acid Mine Drainage (AMD), Molecular Oxidation Mechanisms, Microbial Role, Kinetics, Control, Ameliorates and Limitations, Microencapsulation","author":"Evangelou","year":"1995"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389509388477","article-title":"A review: Pyrite oxidation mechanisms and acid mine drainage prevention","volume":"25","author":"Evangelou","year":"1995","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology"},{"issue":"78","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3545","DOI":"10.1039\/f19827803545","article-title":"Electron spectroscopic studies of galena and its oxidation by microwave-generated oxygen species and by air","volume":"1","author":"Evans","year":"1982","journal-title":"Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153213","article-title":"The microbial engines that drive Earths biogeochemical cycles","volume":"320","author":"Falkowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1021\/es010216g","article-title":"Mechanisms of arsenic uptake from aqueous solution by interaction with goethite, lepidocrocite, mackinawite, and pyrite: An X-ray absorption spectroscopy study","volume":"36","author":"Farquhar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0790","first-page":"1","article-title":"The mine environment neutral drainage program","author":"Feasby","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9535","first-page":"71","article-title":"The mine environment neutral drainage (MEND) program","volume":"86","author":"Feasby","year":"1993","journal-title":"Canadian Institute of Mining Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.2138\/am.2010.3446","article-title":"The structure of schwertmannite, a nanocrystalline iron oxyhydroxysulfate","volume":"95","author":"Fernandez-Martinez","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0800","first-page":"233","article-title":"Microbial biomineralization in natural environments","volume":"47","author":"Ferris","year":"1993","journal-title":"Earth Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2008.39","article-title":"Micron-scale mapping of sulfur cycling across the oxycline of a cyanobacterial mat: A paired nanoSIMS and CARD-FISH approach","volume":"2","author":"Fike","year":"2008","journal-title":"ISME Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2007.01.015","article-title":"Mineralogical speciation of arsenic in soils above the Mokrsko-west gold deposit, Czech Republic","volume":"139","author":"Filippi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0815","series-title":"Atomic and Nuclear Methods in Fossil Energy Research","first-page":"141","article-title":"Modes of occurrence of trace elements and minerals in coal: An analytical approach","author":"Finkelman","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Finkelman RB (1980b) Modes of Occurrence of Trace Elements in Coal. PhD Thesis, University of Maryland","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr8199"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0830","first-page":"1","article-title":"Arsenian pyrite from gold deposits: Au and As distribution investigated by SIMS and EMP, and color staining and surface oxidation by XPS and LIMS","volume":"31","author":"Fleet","year":"1993","journal-title":"The Canadian Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.72.1.457-464.2006","article-title":"Mercury methylation from unexpected sources: Molybdate-inhibited freshwater sediments and an iron reducing bacterium","volume":"72","author":"Flemming","year":"2006","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274A","DOI":"10.1021\/es972315t","article-title":"China's air pollution risks","volume":"31","author":"Florig","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540050181","article-title":"Geochemical modelling of coal drainage, Summit County, Ohio","volume":"31","author":"Foos","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1006\/jcis.1994.1175","article-title":"Oxidation of galena surfaces","volume":"164","author":"Fornasiero","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01490459709378030","article-title":"Microbial sulfate reduction within sulfidic mine tailings: Formation of diagenetic Fe sulfides","volume":"14","author":"Fortin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Geomicrobiology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0860","series-title":"Reviews in Mineralogy","first-page":"161","article-title":"Surface-mediated mineral development by bacteria","author":"Fortin","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.2138\/am-1998-5-616","article-title":"Quantitative arsenic speciation in mine tailings using X-ray absorption spectroscopy","volume":"83","author":"Foster","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1021\/es970846b","article-title":"X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy study of photocatalyzed, heterogeneous As(III) oxidation in kaolin and anatase","volume":"32","author":"Foster","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-386X(00)00172-9","article-title":"On the kinetics and mechanism of the dissolution of pyrite in the presence of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans","volume":"59","author":"Fowler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0880","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(93)90568-H","article-title":"Surface chemistry of ferrihydrite: Part 2. Kinetics of arsenate adsorption and coprecipitation","volume":"57","author":"Fuller","year":"1993","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0885","series-title":"Handbook of Groundwater Remediation Using Permeable Reactive Barriers \u2013 Applications to Radionuclides, Trace Metals, and Nutrients","first-page":"255","article-title":"Evaluation of apatite materials for use in permeable reactive barriers for the remediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater","author":"Fuller","year":"2002"},{"issue":"1063","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0890","first-page":"96","article-title":"Silicate micro-encapsulation of pyrite to prevent acid mine drainage","volume":"95","author":"Fytas","year":"2002","journal-title":"CIM Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s10230-006-0114-6","article-title":"Long term changes in limnology and geochemistry of the Berkeley pit lake, Butte, Montana","volume":"25","author":"Gammons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mine Water and the Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1180\/0009855023710027","article-title":"Sorption of As(V) by some oxyhydroxides and clay minerals. Application to its immobilization in two polluted mining soils","volume":"37","author":"Garcia-Sanchez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0900","first-page":"57","article-title":"Oxidation of pyrite by iron sulfate solutions","volume":"258-A","author":"Garrels","year":"1960","journal-title":"The Australian Journal of Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2475\/ajs.260.1.57","article-title":"A chemical model for seawater at 25\u00b0C and one atmosphere total pressure","volume":"260","author":"Garrels","year":"1962","journal-title":"American Journal of Science"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2004.06.054","article-title":"Dissolution at the surface of jarosite: An in situ AFM study","volume":"215","author":"Gasharova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0915","series-title":"Environmental Issues and Waste Management in Energy and Minerals Production","first-page":"747","article-title":"Monitoring of acid mine drainage in a waste rock dump","author":"Gelinas","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0920","first-page":"7","article-title":"Pyrrhotite coating to prevent oxidation","volume":"1","author":"Georgopoulou","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proceedings of Sudbury '95 Mining and the Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2006.03.016","article-title":"Attachment of acidophilic bacteria to solid surfaces: The significance of species and strain variations","volume":"85","author":"Ghauri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1999.0130","article-title":"Natural and constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment: Potentials and problems","volume":"40","author":"Gopal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Water Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0935","first-page":"163","article-title":"The nature and role of microorganisms in the tailings environment","volume":"vol. 22","author":"Gould","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9540","first-page":"203","article-title":"The microbiology of acid mine drainage","volume":"vol. 31","author":"Gould","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0940","series-title":"State of Canada's Environment","author":"Government of Canada","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0945","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1080\/01490450902892597","article-title":"Biosynthesis and reduction of Fe(III)-hydroxysulfates","volume":"26","author":"Gramp","year":"2009","journal-title":"Geomicrobiology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0950","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00539-8","article-title":"Distribution, speciation and transport of mercury in stream sediment, stream-water, and fish collected near abandoned mercury mines in southwestern Alaska USA","volume":"260","author":"Gray","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"issue":"10\u201311","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1996.0678","article-title":"Artificial wetlands for wastewater treatment, water reuse and wildlife in Queensland Australia","volume":"33","author":"Greenway","year":"1996","journal-title":"Water Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2005.10.013","article-title":"Evaluation of long-term sulfide oxidation processes within pyrrhotite-rich tailings, Lynn Lake, Manitoba","volume":"83","author":"Gunsinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0965","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2006.06.006","article-title":"Mechanisms controlling acid neutralization and metal mobility within a Ni-rich tailings impoundment","volume":"21","author":"Gunsinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-386X(95)00023-A","article-title":"Passivation of chalcopyrite during oxidative leaching in sulfate media","volume":"39","author":"Hackl","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0975","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015577829692","article-title":"A ten year summary of concurrent ambient water column and sediment toxicity tests in the Chesapeake Bay water shed: 1990\u20131999","volume":"76","author":"Hall","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0980","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00792-009-0282-y","article-title":"Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans sp. nov.; facultatively anaerobic, psychrotolerant, iron- and sulfur-oxidizing acidophiles isolated from metal mine-impacted environments","volume":"14","author":"Hallberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Extremophiles"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mineng.2010.09.005","article-title":"Reductive dissolution of ferric iron minerals: A new approach for bioprocessing nickel laterites","volume":"24","author":"Hallberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Minerals Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0990","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00792-011-0359-2","article-title":"Acidiferribacter thiooxydans, gen. nov. sp. nov.; an acidophilic, thermo-tolerant, facultatively anaerobic iron- and sulfur-oxidizer of the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae","volume":"15","author":"Hallberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Extremophiles"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib0995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2164(01)49009-5","article-title":"Biodiversity of acidophilic prokaryotes","volume":"49","author":"Hallberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Advances in Applied Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2977","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(03)00276-X","article-title":"Secondary mineralization pathways induced by dissimilatory iron reduction of ferrihydrite under advective flow","volume":"67","author":"Hansel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-198508000-00010","article-title":"Pore gas composition in waste rock dumps undergoing pyritic oxidation","volume":"140","author":"Harries","year":"1985","journal-title":"Soil Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01686172","article-title":"The effect of rehabilitation on the rate of oxidation of pyrite in a mine waste rock dump","volume":"9","author":"Harries","year":"1987","journal-title":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00451501","article-title":"Genomic and physiological diversity amongst strains of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, and genomic comparison with Thiobacillus thiooxidans","volume":"131","author":"Harrison","year":"1982","journal-title":"Archives of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6709","DOI":"10.1021\/es061399f","article-title":"Scorodite dissolution kinetics: Implications for arsenic release","volume":"40","author":"Harvey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9000","first-page":"10","article-title":"Mineral matter in Illinois and other U. S. coals","volume":"vol. 301","author":"Harvey","year":"1986"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.1999.0540","article-title":"Treatment of acidic metal-rich drainage from reclaimed ironstone mine spoil","volume":"39","author":"Heal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Water Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/s10230-008-0041-9","article-title":"Iron removal by a passive system treating alkaline coal mine drainage","volume":"27","author":"Hedin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mine Water and the Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1035","series-title":"Passive Treatment of Coal Mine Drainage","first-page":"2","author":"Hedin","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(00)00179-2","article-title":"Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in terrestrial invertebrates","volume":"113","author":"Heikens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environmental Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6138","DOI":"10.1021\/es900067d","article-title":"Population dynamics of iron-oxidizing communities in pilot plants for the treatment of acid mine waters","volume":"43","author":"Heinzel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(00)00005-6","article-title":"Solid phase iron\u2013sulfur geochemistry of a reactive barrier for treatment of mine drainage","volume":"2000","author":"Herbert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(97)00122-8","article-title":"Surface chemistry and morphology of poorly crystalline iron sulfides precipitated in media containing sulfate-reducing bacteria","volume":"144","author":"Herbert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2009.04.032","article-title":"A surface structural model for ferrihydrite I: Sites related to primary charge, molar mass, and mass density","volume":"73","author":"Hiemstra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-386X(97)00032-7","article-title":"A case of ferrous sulfate addition enhancing chalcopyrite leaching","volume":"47","author":"Hiroyoshi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9372(1984)110:4(828)","article-title":"Iron removal from TiO2 \u2013 Plant acidic wastewater","volume":"110","author":"Ho","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.2138\/am.2005.1591","article-title":"Environmentally important, poorly crystalline Fe\/Mn hydrous oxides: Ferrihydrite and a possibly new vernadite-like mineral from the Clark Fork River Superfund Complex","volume":"90","author":"Hochella","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(99)00260-4","article-title":"A TEM study of samples from acid mine drainage systems: Metal\u2013mineral association with implications for transport","volume":"63","author":"Hochella","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2007.03.001","article-title":"Mercury mobilization by oxidative dissolution of cinnabar (\u03b1-HgS) and metacinnabar (\u03b2-HgS)","volume":"240","author":"Holley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(99)00296-3","article-title":"The kinetics of the oxidation of pyrite by ferric ions and dissolved oxygen: An electrochemical study","volume":"64","author":"Holmes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540050430","article-title":"Secondary copper enrichment in tailings at the Laver mine, Northern Sweden","volume":"38","author":"Holmstr\u00f6m","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00850-0","article-title":"Geochemical investigations of sulfide-bearing tailings at Kristineberg, Northern Sweden, a few years after remediation","volume":"273","author":"Holmstr\u00f6m","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s100220050026","article-title":"The use of sulfur isotopes to monitor the effectiveness of constructed wetlands in controlling acid mine drainage","volume":"1","author":"Hsu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environmental Engineering and Policy"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2007.01352.x","article-title":"Raman-FISH: combining stable-isotope Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridization for the single cell analysis of identity and function","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1110","first-page":"562","article-title":"Suppression of pyrite oxidation rate by phosphate addition","volume":"vol. 550","author":"Huang","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1021\/es9500724","article-title":"Processes of formation and distribution of Pb-, Zn-, Cd-, and Cu-bearing minerals in the Tyne Basin, northeast England: Implications for metal-contaminated river systems","volume":"30","author":"Hudson-Edwards","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(99)00008-6","article-title":"Mineralogy and geochemistry of alluvium contaminated by metal mining in the Rio Tinto area, Southwest Spain","volume":"14","author":"Hudson-Edwards","year":"1999","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2006.03.003","article-title":"Evaluation of in situ layers for treatment of acid mine drainage: A field comparison","volume":"40","author":"Hulshof","year":"2006","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5027","DOI":"10.1021\/es020822r","article-title":"Microbial and nutrient investigations into the use of in situ layers for treatment of tailings effluent","volume":"37","author":"Hulshof","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2009.04.032","article-title":"Iron oxyhydroxide coating of pyrite for acid mine drainage control","volume":"24","author":"Huminicki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbr.2009.10.002","article-title":"Microbial selectivity on mineral surfaces: Possible implications for weathering processes","volume":"23","author":"Hutchens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fungal Biology Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1145","unstructured":"ICOLD (1996) A Guide to Tailings Dams and Impoundments: Design, Construction, Use and Rehabilitation. International Commission on Large Dams, Bulletin (United Nations Environment Programme) No. 106, 239 pp."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1150","unstructured":"International Energy Agency (2010) Coal Information 2010, 530 p. Annual IEA Statistical Publications. ISBN: 978-92-64-08420-9."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2000.00472425002900050008x","article-title":"Effect of competing anions on the adsorption of arsenate and arsenite by ferrihydrite","volume":"29","author":"Jain","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Quality"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1160","first-page":"59","article-title":"Mineralogy of sulfide-rich tailings and their alteration products","volume":"vol. 22","author":"Jambor","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1165","article-title":"Mine-waste mineralogy and mineralogical perspectives of acid\u2013base accounting","volume":"vol. 31","author":"Jambor","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1170","first-page":"367","article-title":"Theory and applications of mineralogy in environmental studies of sulfide-bearing mine wastes","volume":"vol. 27","author":"Jambor","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1175","series-title":"Environmental Mineralogy","first-page":"255","article-title":"Mineralogy of mine wastes and strategies for remediation","volume":"vol. 2","author":"Jambor","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.2113\/gscanmin.43.6.2117","article-title":"Mineralogy of permeable reactive barriers for the attenuation of subsurface contaminants","volume":"43","author":"Jambor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Canadian Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1021\/cr970105t","article-title":"Occurrence and constitution of natural and synthetic ferrihydrite, a widespread iron oxyhydroxide","volume":"98","author":"Jambor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chemical Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-002-0615-y","article-title":"Static tests of neutralization potentials of silicate and aluminosilicate minerals","volume":"43","author":"Jambor","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-006-0542-4","article-title":"Measured and computed neutralization potentials from static tests of diverse rock types","volume":"52","author":"Jambor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1195","series-title":"Sulfate Minerals \u2013 Crystallography, Geochemistry, and Environmental Significance","first-page":"303","article-title":"Metal-sulfate salts from sulfide oxidation","volume":"vol. 40","author":"Jambor","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2010.03.029","article-title":"Sulfidogenesis and selective precipitation of metals at low pH mediated by Acidithiobacillus spp. and acidophilic sulfate reducing bacteria","volume":"104","author":"Jameson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1346\/CCMN.2000.0480114","article-title":"Transmission electron microscopy of synthetic 2- and 6-line ferrihydrite","volume":"48","author":"Janney","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clays and Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(99)00421-4","article-title":"Pyrrhotite reaction kinetics: Reaction rates for oxidation by oxygen, ferric iron and nonoxidative dissolution","volume":"64","author":"Janzen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(99)00041-4","article-title":"Acid production from sulfide minerals using hydrogen peroxide weathering","volume":"15","author":"Jennings","year":"2000","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1220","first-page":"55","article-title":"A reactor to measure pyrite oxidation in air","author":"Jerz","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2006.03.051","article-title":"Biohydrometallurgy and the environment: Intimate and important associations","volume":"83","author":"Johnson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1225","series-title":"Physiology and Biochemistry of Extremophiles","first-page":"257","article-title":"Physiology and ecology of acidophilic microorganisms","author":"Johnson","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1230","series-title":"Encyclopaedia of Microbiology","isbn-type":"print","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012373944-5.00278-9","article-title":"Extremophiles: Acid environments","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","ISBN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/isbn\/9780123739445"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1235","series-title":"Geomicrobiology: Molecular and Environmental Perspective","first-page":"401","article-title":"The biogeochemistry of biomining","author":"Johnson","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.65409-0","article-title":"Characteristics of Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum gen. nov., sp. nov., and Ferrithrix thermotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov.: Heterotrophic iron-oxidizing, extremely acidophilic Actinobacteria","volume":"59","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(99)00068-6","article-title":"The hydrogeochemistry of the Nickel Rim mine tailings impoundment, Sudbury, Ontario","volume":"41","author":"Johnson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2004.09.002","article-title":"Acid mine drainage remediation options: A review","volume":"338","author":"Johnson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1255","first-page":"202","article-title":"Carbon, iron and sulfur metabolism in acidophilic micro-organisms","volume":"54","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Advances in Microbial Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1260","first-page":"202","article-title":"Carbon, iron and sulfur metabolism in acidophilic micro-organisms","volume":"54","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Advances in Microbial Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00096","article-title":"Redox transformations of iron at extremely low pH: Fundamental and applied aspects","volume":"3","author":"Johnson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4332(92)90382-8","article-title":"Compositional and structural alteration of pyrrhotite surfaces in solution: XPS and XRD studies","volume":"55","author":"Jones","year":"1992","journal-title":"Applied Surface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G01012","DOI":"10.1029\/2005JG000089","article-title":"Role of microbial iron reduction in the dissolution of iron hydroxysulfate minerals","volume":"111","author":"Jones","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1139\/e03-078","article-title":"Hot spring and geyser sinters: The integrated product of precipitation, replacement, and deposition","volume":"40","author":"Jones","year":"2003","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(99)00009-8","article-title":"Remobilization of arsenic from buried wastes at an industrial site: Mineralogical and geochemical control","volume":"14","author":"Juillot","year":"1999","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(01)00874-2","article-title":"Acid neutralization mechanisms and metal release in mine tailings: A laboratory column experiment","volume":"66","author":"Jurjovec","year":"2002","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1021\/es025589b","article-title":"The effect of natrojarosite addition to mine tailings","volume":"37","author":"Jurjovec","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1002\/elsc.200720216","article-title":"Sulfate reduction based bioprocesses for the treatment of acid mine drainage and the recovery of metals","volume":"7","author":"Kaksonen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Engineering in Life Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4332(95)00321-5","article-title":"A study of galena (PbS) surfaces under controlled potential in pH 4.6 solution by synchrotron radiation excited photoelectron spectroscopy","volume":"93","author":"Kartio","year":"1996","journal-title":"Applied Surface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0927-7757(97)00202-1","article-title":"The initial products of the anodic oxidation of galena in acidic solution and the influence of mineral stoichiometry","volume":"133","author":"Kartio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1315","series-title":"Mineral Resources, Economics and the Environment","author":"Kesler","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.1021\/la00007a039","article-title":"Scanning tunneling microscopy studies of galena: The mechanisms of oxidation in aqueous solution","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"1995","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2927(95)00011-8","article-title":"Effects of colloids on metal transport in a river receiving acid mine drainage, upper Arkansas River, Colorado, U.S.A","volume":"10","author":"Kimball","year":"1995","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2011.02434.x","article-title":"Biodiversity and geochemistry of an extremely acidic, low temperature subterranean environment sustained by chemolithotrophy","author":"Kimura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1335","first-page":"27","article-title":"Biological treatment of mine water \u2013 An overview","author":"Kleinmann","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2007.04.017","article-title":"Controls on schwertmannite transformation rates and products","volume":"22","author":"Knorr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2006.03.022","article-title":"Geomicrobiological investigation of two different mine waste tailings generating acid mine drainage","volume":"83","author":"Kock","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5211","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00649-08","article-title":"Quantitative microbial community analysis of three different sulfidic mine tailings dumps generating acid mine drainage","volume":"74","author":"Kock","year":"2008","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1355","series-title":"Economic Geology Fiftieth Anniversary Volume","first-page":"411","article-title":"Sedimentary deposits of rare metals","author":"Krauskopf","year":"1955"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3633","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.8.3633-3640.1999","article-title":"Microbial reduction of Fe(III) in Acidic sediments: Isolation of acidiphilium cryptum Jf-5 capable of coupling the reduction of Fe(III) to the oxidation of glucose","volume":"65","author":"Kusel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4332(93)90019-8","article-title":"STM and XPS investigation of reaction of galena in air","volume":"64","author":"Laajalehto","year":"1993","journal-title":"Applied Surface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1370","first-page":"479","article-title":"Modelling of acid mine drainage physical processes in a waste rock pile with layered co-mingling","author":"Lamontagne","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(94)90016-7","article-title":"Chemical weathering rate laws and global geochemical cycles","volume":"58","author":"Lasaga","year":"1994","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00058-8","article-title":"Accumulation of heavy metals in freshwater molluscs","volume":"214","author":"Lau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1385","article-title":"Determination of neutralization potential in the prediction of acid rock drainage","author":"Lawrence","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2927(96)00010-8","article-title":"Accumulation of arsenic from acid mine waters by ferruginous bacterial accretions (stromatolites)","volume":"11","author":"Leblanc","year":"1996","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-8252(96)00016-5","article-title":"The environmental impact of mine wastes \u2013 Roles of microorganisms and their significance in treatment of mine wastes","volume":"41","author":"Ledin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Earth-Science Reviews"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2005.04.017","article-title":"Sulfide oxidation and the natural attenuation of arsenic and trace metals in the waste rocks of the abandoned Seobo tungsten mine, Korea","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-009-9263-4","article-title":"Geochemical and microbial effects on the mobilization of arsenic in mine tailings soils","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(01)00156-5","article-title":"Multiphase transfer processes in waste rock piles producing acid mine drainage. 1. Conceptual model and system characterization","volume":"52","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(02)01227-9","article-title":"Natural realgar and amorphous AsS oxidation kinetics","volume":"67","author":"Lengke","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2004.06.032","article-title":"Geochemical modeling of arsenic sulfide oxidation kinetics in a mining environment","volume":"69","author":"Lengke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq1997.00472425002600010033x","article-title":"The aqueous geochemistry of the abandoned Spenceville Copper Pit, Nevada County, California","volume":"26","author":"Levy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Quality"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1430","first-page":"959","article-title":"Poirier site reclamation program","author":"Lewis","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.2475\/ajs.293.4.257","article-title":"Scaling properties of time-space kinetic mass transport equations and the local equilibrium assumption","volume":"293","author":"Lichtner","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1440","first-page":"153","article-title":"Arsenic reduction and precipitation by Shewanella sp.: Batch and column tests","volume":"30","author":"Lim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geosciences Journal"},{"issue":"3\/4","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1445","first-page":"153","article-title":"Mineralogical and chemical characterization of wastes from a sulfuric acid industry in Falun Sweden","volume":"30","author":"Lin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540050490","article-title":"Adsorption, desorption, and oxidation of arsenic affected by clay minerals and aging process","volume":"39","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2927(93)90057-N","article-title":"Manganese minerals and associated fine particulates in the streambed of Pinal Creek, Arizona, U.S.A.: A mining-related acid drainage problem","volume":"8","author":"Lind","year":"1993","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7086","DOI":"10.1021\/es901524z","article-title":"Managing pore-water quality in mine tailings by inducing microbial sulfate reduction","volume":"43","author":"Lindsay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2011.04.006","article-title":"Organic carbon amendments for passive in situ treatment of mine drainage: Field experiments","volume":"26","author":"Lindsay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1470","first-page":"26","article-title":"Transport and attenuation of metal(loid)s in mine tailings amended with organic carbon: Column experiments","volume":"125","author":"Lindsay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1080\/01490451.2010.493570","article-title":"Microbiology and geochemistry of mine tailings amended with organic carbon for passive treatment of pore water","volume":"28","author":"Lindsay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Geomicrobiology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2004.08.003","article-title":"Coupled chemistry and transport modelling of sulphidic waste rock dumps at the Aitik mine site, Sweden","volume":"20","author":"Linklater","year":"2005","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1485","first-page":"868","article-title":"Redox-controlled multiple-species reactive chemical treatment. 1. Model development","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"1989","journal-title":"Water Resources Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1029\/WR025i005p00883","article-title":"Redox-controlled multiple-species reactive chemical treatment. 2. Verification and application","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"1989","journal-title":"Water Resources Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.2138\/am-2004-11-1220","article-title":"Evidence on the structure of synthetic schwertmannite","volume":"89","author":"Loan","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2005.08.013","article-title":"Microbial community activities during establishment, performance, and decline of bench-scale passive treatment systems for mine drainage","volume":"39","author":"Logan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1505","first-page":"1191","article-title":"Inhibitors for the prevention of acid mine drainage (AMD)","author":"Lortie","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.47.100193.001403","article-title":"Dissimilatory metal reduction","volume":"47","author":"Lovley","year":"1993","journal-title":"Annual Review of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1021\/cr00051a001","article-title":"Aqueous oxidation of pyrite by molecular oxygen","volume":"82","author":"Lowson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Chemical Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3770(99)00083-2","article-title":"Increased ground levels cause iron toxicity in Glyceria fluitans (L.)","volume":"66","author":"Lucassen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Aquatic Botany"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2002.tb02491.x","article-title":"A permeable reactive barrier for the treatment of dissolved metals","volume":"40","author":"Ludwig","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ground Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0375-6742(01)00182-0","article-title":"The dynamics of oxygen transport into soil covered mining waste deposits in Sweden","volume":"74","author":"Lundgren","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3193","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(87)90127-X","article-title":"Pyrite oxidation and reduction: Molecular orbital theory considerations","volume":"51","author":"Luther","year":"1987","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1180\/minmag.1998.62A.2.154","article-title":"Experimental study of arsenite adsorption to goethite","volume":"62A","author":"Lutzenkirchen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mineralogical Magazine"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-7722(92)90054-I","article-title":"Adsorption compared with sulfide precipitation as metal removal processes from acid mine drainage in a constructed wetland","volume":"9","author":"Machemer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1550","series-title":"Coal and Coal-Bearing Strata","first-page":"309","article-title":"Mineral matter in coal","author":"Mackowsky","year":"1968"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1021\/es049664p","article-title":"Speciation of iron and sulfate in acid waters: Aqueous clusters to mineral precipitates","volume":"39","author":"Majzlan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3647","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(95)00275-5","article-title":"The mechanism of anion adsorption on iron oxides: Evidence for the bonding of arsenate tetrahedra on free Fe(O, OH)6 edges","volume":"59","author":"Manceau","year":"1995","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1180\/claymin.2009.044.1.19","article-title":"Evaluation of the structural model for ferrihydrite derived from real-space modeling of high-energy X-ray diffraction data","volume":"44","author":"Manceau","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1180\/claymin.2010.045.2.225","article-title":"PDF analysis of ferrihydrite and the violation of Pauling's Principia","volume":"45","author":"Manceau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.2138\/am.2011.3583","article-title":"Critical evaluation of the revised akdalaite-model for ferrihydrite","volume":"96","author":"Manceau","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1180\/claymin.1993.028.2.01","article-title":"Local structure of ferrihydrite and feroxyhite by EXAFS spectroscopy","volume":"28","author":"Manceau","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1139\/e89-234","article-title":"Metal uptake and Fe-, Ti-oxide biomineralization by acidophilic microorganisms in mine-waste environments, Elliot Lake, Canada","volume":"26","author":"Mann","year":"1989","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1021\/es9802201","article-title":"Surface structures and stability of arsenic(III) on goethite: Spectroscopic evidence for inner-sphere complexes","volume":"32","author":"Manning","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1346\/CCMN.1996.0440504","article-title":"Modeling arsenate competitive adsorption on kaolinite, montmorillonite and illite","volume":"44","author":"Manning","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clays and Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.2138\/am.2009.3130","article-title":"General model for the aqueous precipitation of rough surface nanocrystals and application to ferrihydrite genesis","volume":"94","author":"Marchand","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00721-X","article-title":"Divalent metal accumulation in freshwater bivalves: An inverse relationship with metal phosphate solubility","volume":"275","author":"Markich","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0375-6742(01)00183-2","article-title":"The reactivity of sediments impacted by metal-mining in Lago Junin, Peru","volume":"74","author":"Martin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1615","series-title":"Principles of Geochemistry","author":"Mason","year":"1958"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1021\/es950373d","article-title":"Uptake, toxicity, and trophic transfer of mercury in a coastal diatom","volume":"30","author":"Mason","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1625","first-page":"21","article-title":"The oxidation of ferrous disulfide by ferric sulfate","volume":"13","author":"Mathews","year":"1972","journal-title":"Australian Chemical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1630","first-page":"19","article-title":"Aqueous oxidation of iron disulfide by molecular oxygen","volume":"15","author":"Mathews","year":"1974","journal-title":"Australian Chemical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2011.06.012","article-title":"The long term operation of a biologically based treatment system that removes As, S and Zn from industrial (smelter operation) landfill seepage","volume":"26","author":"Mattes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2006.02.006","article-title":"Process-based reactive transport modeling of a permeable reactive barrier for the treatment of mine drainage","volume":"85","author":"Mayer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1029\/2001WR000862","article-title":"Multicomponent reactive transport modeling in variably saturated porous media using a generalized formulation for kinetically controlled reactions","volume":"38","author":"Mayer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Water Resources Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2008.06.045","article-title":"Wetland treatment at extremes of pH: A review","volume":"407","author":"Mayes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3159","DOI":"10.1021\/es991194p","article-title":"The influence of reduction reactions and solids composition on pore-water arsenic concentrations","volume":"34","author":"McCreadie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1660","series-title":"Waste Characterization and Treatment","first-page":"61","article-title":"Geochemical behaviour of autoclave-produced ferric arsenates and jarosite in a gold mine tailings impoundment","author":"McCreadie","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1665","series-title":"Handbook of Groundwater Remediation Using Permeable Reactive Barriers \u2013 Applications to Radionuclides, Trace Metals, and Nutrients","first-page":"495","article-title":"Sulfate reduction permeable reactive barriers to treat acidity, cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc: Two case studies","author":"McGregor","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(86)90325-X","article-title":"Oxidation of pyrite in low temperature acidic solutions: Rate laws and surface textures","volume":"50","author":"McKibben","year":"1986","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2007.10.009","article-title":"Kinetics of inorganic arsenopyrite oxidation in acidic aqueous solutions","volume":"23","author":"McKibben","year":"2008","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1680","unstructured":"MEND (1991) Acid rock drainage prediction manual. MEND Project 1.16.1b, Report by Coastech Research. MEND, Natural Resources Canada."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1685","unstructured":"MEND (1994) Monitoring and modeling of acid mine drainage from waste rock dumps. Natural Resources Canada MEND Report 1.14.2g."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1690","unstructured":"MEND (1995) MINEWALL 2.0 Literature Review and Conceptual Models. MEND Project 1.15.2b. Energy Mines and Resources Canada."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910170107","article-title":"Ordered ferrimagnetic form of ferrihydrite reveals links among structure, composition, and magnetism","volume":"107","author":"Michel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1142525","article-title":"The structure of ferrihydrite, a nanocrystalline material","volume":"316","author":"Michel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1021\/es9621354","article-title":"Understanding the water quality of pit lakes","volume":"30","author":"Miller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2009.09.013","article-title":"Mine drainage from the weathering of sulfide minerals and magnetite","volume":"24","author":"Moncur","year":"2009","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1715","article-title":"Fate and transport of metals from an abandoned tailings impoundment after 70 years of sulfide oxidation","author":"Moncur","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2004.09.019","article-title":"Release, transport and attenuation of metals from an old tailings impoundment","volume":"20","author":"Moncur","year":"2005","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2006.06.016","article-title":"Spatial variations in water composition at a lake impacted by mine drainage","volume":"21","author":"Moncur","year":"2006","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2113\/gselements.2.2.97","article-title":"Arsenic in soils, mine tailings, and former industrial sites","volume":"2","author":"Morin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Elements"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-7722(88)90008-3","article-title":"Migration of acidic groundwater seepage from uranium-tailings impoundments, 1. Field study and conceptual hydrogeochemical model","volume":"2","author":"Morin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1740","series-title":"Environmental Geochemistry of Minesite Drainage: Practical Theory and Case Studies","author":"Morin","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1021\/es025688p","article-title":"Bacterial formation of tooeleite and mixed Arsenic(III) or Arsenic(V) \u2013 Iron(III) gels in the Carnoul\u00e8s acid mine drainage, France. A XANES, XRD, and SEM study","volume":"37","author":"Morin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.2138\/am-1999-0327","article-title":"XAFS determination of the chemical form of lead in smelter-contaminated soils and mine tailings: Importance of adsorption processes","volume":"84","author":"Morin","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1755","series-title":"Handbook of Groundwater Remediation Using Permeable Reactive Barriers \u2013 Applications to Radionuclides, Trace Metals, and Nutrients","first-page":"371","article-title":"Design and performance of a permeable reactive barrier for containment of uranium, arsenic, selenium, vanadium, molybdenum, and nitrate at Monticello, Utah","author":"Morrison","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(87)90337-1","article-title":"Aqueous pyrite oxidation by dissolved oxygen and ferric iron","volume":"51","author":"Moses","year":"1987","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(94)00352-M","article-title":"X-ray photoelectron and Auger electron spectroscopy of air oxidized pyrrhotite: Distribution of oxidized species with depth","volume":"59","author":"Mycroft","year":"1995","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1770","series-title":"Handbook of Groundwater Remediation Using Permeable Reactive Barriers \u2013 Applications to Radionuclides, Trace Metals, and Nutrients","first-page":"401","article-title":"Field demonstration of three permeable reactive barriers to control uranium contamination in groundwater, Fry Canyon, Utah","author":"Naftz","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1775","series-title":"Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals","first-page":"173","article-title":"Dissolution and precipitation kinetics of sheet silicates","volume":"vol. 31","author":"Nagy","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2006.0066","article-title":"Passive treatment of acid mine drainage in bioreactors using sulfate-reducing bacteria: Critical review and research needs","volume":"36","author":"Neculita","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Quality"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01173766","article-title":"Oxidation states and speciation of secondary products on pyrite and arsenopyrite reacted with mine waste waters and air","volume":"62","author":"Nesbitt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mineralogy and Petrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(95)00081-A","article-title":"Oxidation of arsenopyrite by air and air-saturated, distilled water, and implications for mechanism of oxidation","volume":"59","author":"Nesbitt","year":"1995","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.5.2294-2299.2002","article-title":"Mechanism for accessing insoluble Fe(III) oxide during dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction by geothrix fermentans","volume":"68","author":"Nevin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1007\/s002030050512","article-title":"Dissimilatory arsenate and sulfate reduction in Desulfotomaculum auripigmentum sp. nov","volume":"168","author":"Newman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Archives of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1805","article-title":"Characterization of unsaturated flow at different scales in waste rock","author":"Nichol","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W05018","DOI":"10.1029\/2004WR003035","article-title":"Field-scale experiments of unsaturated flow and solute transport in a heterogeneous porous medium","volume":"41","author":"Nichol","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water Resources Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1815","first-page":"164","article-title":"Iron-sulfide oxidation mechanisms: Laboratory studies","volume":"vol. 22","author":"Nicholson","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1139\/t89-001","article-title":"Reduction of acid generation in mine tailings through the use of moisture-retaining layers as oxygen barriers","volume":"26","author":"Nicholson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1825","first-page":"14","article-title":"Pyrrhotite oxidation kinetics","volume":"vol. 550","author":"Nicholson","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1830","series-title":"Acid Sulfate Weathering","article-title":"Aqueous pyrite oxidation and the consequent formation of secondary iron minerals","author":"Nordstrom","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1835","unstructured":"Nordstrom D K (1985) The rate of ferrous iron oxidation in a stream receiving acid mine effluent. In Selected Papers in the Hydrogeological Sciences, pp. 113\u2013119. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1840","first-page":"133","article-title":"Geochemistry of acid mine waters","volume":"vol. 6A","author":"Nordstrom","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3455","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.7.3455","article-title":"Negative pH, efflorescent mineralogy, and consequences for environmental restoration at the Iron Mountain Superfund site, California","volume":"96","author":"Nordstrom","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1021\/es990646v","article-title":"Negative pH and extremely acidic mine waters from Iron Mountain, California","volume":"34","author":"Nordstrom","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1855","series-title":"Geochemical Thermodynamics","author":"Nordstrom","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1860","series-title":"Chemical modeling of aqueous systems II","first-page":"398","article-title":"Revised chemical equilibrium data for major water\u2013mineral reactions and their limitations","volume":"vol. 416","author":"Nordstrom","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1865","first-page":"361","article-title":"Geomicrobiology of sulfide mineral oxidation","volume":"vol. 35","author":"Nordstrom","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8781","DOI":"10.1021\/es803616k","article-title":"Microbial architecture of environmental sulfur processes: A novel syntrophic sulfur-metabolizing consortia","volume":"43","author":"Norland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4332(99)00575-9","article-title":"Oxidation of galena surface \u2013 An XPS study of the formation of sulfoxy species","volume":"157","author":"Nowak","year":"2000","journal-title":"Applied Surface Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1880","series-title":"Arsenic in the Environment, Part I: Cycling and Characterization","volume":"vol. 26","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1885","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.8.2081-2087.2002","article-title":"Anaerobic respiration using Fe3+, S0 and H2 in the chemolithotrophic bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans","volume":"184","author":"Ohmura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1890","first-page":"81","article-title":"Kinetics of sphalerite leaching in acidic ferric chloride solutions","volume":"52","author":"Olanipekun","year":"1999","journal-title":"Transactions of Indian Institute of Metallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.57.3.642-644.1991","article-title":"Rate of pyrite bioleaching by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans \u2013 Results of an interlaboratory comparison","volume":"57","author":"Olson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1900","first-page":"273","article-title":"Control and prevention of microbially-catalyzed acid rock drainage with thiocyanate","volume":"2004","author":"Olson","year":"2004","journal-title":"SME Annual Meeting Preprints"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1081903","article-title":"The ecology of arsenic","volume":"300","author":"Oremland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1910","first-page":"2172","article-title":"Mechanism of oxidative dissolution of sulfides","volume":"61","author":"Orlova","year":"1988","journal-title":"Zhurnal Prikladno\u012d Khimii"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(97)00107-3","article-title":"An arsenate effect on ferrihydrite dissolution kinetics under acidic oxic conditions","volume":"31","author":"Paige","year":"1997","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540050440","article-title":"Mineralogical constraints on the determination of neutralization potential and prediction of acid mine drainage","volume":"39","author":"Paktunc","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1925","first-page":"155","article-title":"Speciation of arsenic in pyrite by micro-X-ray absorption fine- structure spectroscopy (XAFS)","author":"Paktunc","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1930","first-page":"881","article-title":"Arsenic speciation in wastes resulting from pressure oxidation, roasting and smelting","author":"Paktunc","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1935","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2010.01.021","article-title":"Solubility of nanocrystalline scorodite and amorphous ferric arsenate: Implications for stabilization of arsenic in mine wastes","volume":"25","author":"Paktunc","year":"2010","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1940","first-page":"221","article-title":"Acidic drainage characteristics and residual sample mineralogy of unsaturated and saturated coarse pyritic uranium tailings","author":"Paktunc","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1945","series-title":"Applied Mineralogy","first-page":"621","article-title":"Mineralogy of pyritic waste rock leached by column experiments and prediction of acid mine drainage","author":"Paktunc","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1950","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.2138\/am-2002-5-601","article-title":"Formation of secondary pyrite and carbonate minerals in the Lower Williams Lake tailings basin, Elliot Lake, Ontario, Canada","volume":"87","author":"Paktunc","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.2113\/gscanmin.41.4.905","article-title":"Characterization of arsenate-for-sulfate substitution in synthetic jarosite using X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy","volume":"41","author":"Paktunc","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Canadian Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2008.03.012","article-title":"Synthesis and phase transformations involving scorodite, ferric arsenate and arsenical ferrihydrite: Implications for arsenic mobility","volume":"72","author":"Paktunc","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1965","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2003.07.013","article-title":"Speciation and characterization of arsenic in gold ores and cyanidation tailings using X-ray absorption spectroscopy","volume":"68","author":"Paktunc","year":"2004","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1021\/es026185m","article-title":"Speciation and characterization of arsenic in Ketza River Mine tailings using X-ray absorption spectroscopy","volume":"37","author":"Paktunc","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1975","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.2113\/gscanmin.44.1.213","article-title":"Distribution of gold in pyrite and in products of its transformation resulting from roasting of refractory gold ore","volume":"44","author":"Paktunc","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Canadian Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1980","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023905128860","article-title":"Investigating the use of iron reducing bacteria for the removal of arsenic from contaminated soils","volume":"3","author":"Papassiopi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1985","unstructured":"Parkhurst DL (1998) PHREEQC website (http:\/\/wwwbrr.cr.usgs.gov\/projects\/GWC_coupled\/phreeqc\/)."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1990","unstructured":"Parkhurst DL, Thorstenson DC, and Plummer LN (1985) PHREEQE \u2013 A computer program for geochemical calculations. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-96"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib1995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1139\/e93-093","article-title":"The early diagenesis of submerged sulphide-rich mine tailings in Anderson Lake, Manitoba","volume":"30","author":"Pedersen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2009.01.017","article-title":"Mineralogical transformations controlling acid mine drainage chemistry","volume":"262","author":"Peretyazhko","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-386X(91)90032-H","article-title":"The effect of iron content of sphalerite on its rate of dissolution in ferric sulphate and ferric chloride media","volume":"26","author":"Perez","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1477-8947.1991.tb00131.x","article-title":"The use of constructed wetlands in the treatment of acid mine drainage","volume":"15","author":"Perry","year":"1991","journal-title":"Natural Resource Forum"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1021\/j100638a009","article-title":"Thermodynamics of electrolytes. I. Theoretical basis and general equations","volume":"77","author":"Pitzer","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2020","series-title":"Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions","first-page":"75","article-title":"Ion interaction approach: Theory and data correlation","author":"Pitzer","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2025","series-title":"Uranium: Mineralogy, Geochemistry and the Environment","first-page":"255","article-title":"Uranium ore deposits \u2013 products of the radioactive earth","volume":"vol. 38","author":"Plant","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2035","unstructured":"Plummer LN, Parkhurst DL, Fleming GW, and Dunkle SA (1988) A computer program incorporating Pitzer's equations for calculation of geochemical reactions in brines. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4153."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(94)90508-8","article-title":"X-ray photoelectron and Auger electron spectroscopic studies of pyrrhotite and mechanisms of air oxidation","volume":"58","author":"Pratt","year":"1994","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.2475\/ajs.297.8.807","article-title":"Pyrrhotite leaching in acid mixtures of HCl and H2SO4","volume":"297","author":"Pratt","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5147","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(94)90300-X","article-title":"Generation of acids from mine waste: Oxidative leaching of pyrrhotite in dilute H2SO4 solutions at pH 3.0","volume":"58","author":"Pratt","year":"1994","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/0927-7757(96)81751-1","article-title":"The interaction of iron(III) species with galena surfaces","volume":"105","author":"Prestidge","year":"1995","journal-title":"Colloids and Surfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2006.11.025","article-title":"The effect of inoculum on the performance of sulfate-reducing columns treating heavy metal contaminated water","volume":"41","author":"Pruden","year":"2007","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2065","first-page":"172","article-title":"Influence of siderite on the pore-water chemistry of inactive mine-tailings impoundments","volume":"vol. 550","author":"Ptacek","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2070","first-page":"513","article-title":"Prediction of sulfate mineral solubility in concentrated waters. Sulfate Minerals: Crystallography, Geochemistry, and Environmental Significance","volume":"vol. 40","author":"Ptacek","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2075","first-page":"181","article-title":"Inco's Copper Cliff tailings area","volume":"1","author":"Puro","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(01)00087-X","article-title":"Bioaccumulation of toxic metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, and Cu) by seeds of Euryale ferox Salisb","volume":"46","author":"Rai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(02)00068-9","article-title":"Aqueous geochemistry in the Udden pit lake, Northern Sweden","volume":"18","author":"Ramstedt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.2138\/am.2008.2782","article-title":"Constraints on structural models of ferrihydrite as a nanocrystalline material","volume":"93","author":"Rancourt","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1021\/es970421p","article-title":"Arsenite and arsenate adsorption on ferrihydrite: Kinetics, equilibrium, and adsorption envelopes","volume":"32","author":"Raven","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2006\/001206-0","article-title":"The microbiology of biomining: Development and optimization of mineral-oxidizing microbial consortia","volume":"153","author":"Rawlings","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(87)90290-0","article-title":"Modelling chemical equilibria of acid-mine drainage: The FeSO4\u2013H2SO4\u2013H2O system","volume":"51","author":"Reardon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2110","first-page":"111","article-title":"Gas diffusion coefficient measurements on uranium mill tailings: Implications to cover layer design","volume":"2","author":"Reardon","year":"1985","journal-title":"Uranium"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2115","first-page":"109","article-title":"A study of gas compositions in sawmill waste deposits: Evaluation of the use of wood waste in close-out of pyritic tailings","volume":"3","author":"Reardon","year":"1984","journal-title":"Reclamation and Revegetation Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(91)90132-O","article-title":"A vibrational spectroscopic 18O study of pyrite oxidation","volume":"55","author":"Reedy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2003.07.015","article-title":"Formation and stability of schwertmannite in acidic mining lakes","volume":"68","author":"Regenspurg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2005.01.011","article-title":"Solubility of gold in arsenian pyrite","volume":"69","author":"Reich","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2135","series-title":"Coal Structure","first-page":"283","article-title":"Mineral matter in coal","author":"Renton","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-7722(94)00010-F","article-title":"The potential for metal release by reductive dissolution of weathered mine tailings","volume":"17","author":"Ribet","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2145","first-page":"905","article-title":"Nomenclature of the micas","volume":"36","author":"Rieder","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Canadian Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2150","first-page":"2","article-title":"Rates of reaction of galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite and arsenopyrite","volume":"vol. 550","author":"Rimstidt","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(02)01165-1","article-title":"Pyrite oxidation: A state of the art assessment of the reaction mechanism","volume":"67","author":"Rimstidt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2160","first-page":"201","article-title":"Sulfide oxidation mechanisms: Controls and rates of oxygen transport","volume":"vol. 22","author":"Ritchie","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2165","series-title":"Environmental Aspects of Mine Wastes","first-page":"73","article-title":"Oxidation and gas transport in piles of sulfidic material","volume":"vol. 31","author":"Ritchie","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2170","first-page":"1","article-title":"The physical hydrogeology of mill-tailings impoundments","volume":"vol. 22","author":"Robertson","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2175","first-page":"75","article-title":"Tailings disposal by the thickened discharge method for improved economy and environmental control","author":"Robinsky","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2180","first-page":"529","article-title":"Thickened sloped tailings disposal: An evaluation of seepage and abatement of acid drainage","author":"Robinsky","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-003-1448-7","article-title":"Bioleaching review. Part A: Progress in bioleaching: Fundamentals and mechanisms of bacterial metal sulfide oxidation","volume":"63","author":"Rohwerder","year":"2003","journal-title":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2190","series-title":"Coal Mine Drainage Prediction and Pollution in Pennsylvania","first-page":"1","article-title":"Geochemistry of coal mine drainage","author":"Rose","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2195","series-title":"Sulfide Mineralogy and Geochemistry","first-page":"557","article-title":"Reactivity of sulfide mineral surfaces","volume":"vol. 61","author":"Rosso","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2000.00472425002900010023x","article-title":"Arsenic speciation: Involvement in evaluation of environmental impact caused by mine wastes","volume":"29","author":"Roussel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Quality"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2007.01294.x","article-title":"Microbial communities and geochemical dynamics in an extremely acidic, metal-rich stream at an abandoned sulfide mine (Huelva, Spain) underpinned by two functional primary production systems","volume":"9","author":"Rowe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2210","unstructured":"Runkel RL, Bencala KE, and Broshears RE (1996) An equilibrium-based simulation model for reactive solute transport in small streams. In: Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4014, pp. 775\u2013780."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1021\/es0109794","article-title":"Evaluating remedial alternatives for an acid mine drainage stream \u2013 Application of a reactive transport model","volume":"36","author":"Runkel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00541-6","article-title":"Mercury mine drainage and processes that control its environmental impact","volume":"260","author":"Rytuba","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2005.06.007","article-title":"Arsenic mobility in alteration products of sulfide-rich, arsenopyrite-bearing mine wastes, Snow Lake, Manitoba, Canada","volume":"20","author":"Salzsauler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2007.12.036","article-title":"The acidic mine pit lakes of the Iberian Pyrite Belt: An approach to their physical limnology and hydrogeochemistry","volume":"23","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Espa\u00f1a","year":"2008","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.58.1.85-92.1992","article-title":"Evaluation of Leptospirillum ferrooxidans for leaching","volume":"58","author":"Sand","year":"1992","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620201035","article-title":"Biotic ligand model of the acute toxicity of metals. 2. Application to acute copper toxicity in freshwater fish and Daphnia","volume":"20","author":"Santore","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3155","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(95)00203-C","article-title":"Confirmation of a sulfur-rich layer on pyrite after oxidative dissolution by Fe(III) ions around pH 2","volume":"59","author":"Sasaki","year":"1995","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0927-7757(97)00200-8","article-title":"The role of sulfur oxidizing bacteria Thiobacillus thiooxidans in pyrite weathering","volume":"133","author":"Sasaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"Colloids and Surfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(99)00115-8","article-title":"Arsenic speciation in pyrite and secondary weathering phases, Mother Lode gold district, Tuolumne County, California","volume":"15","author":"Savage","year":"2000","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2260","unstructured":"Schippers A (2003) MiMi \u2013 Long-term anaerobic microbial processes in remediated mine tailings. The MISTRA-programme MiMi, Mitigation of the environmental impact from mining waste. MiMi Print, Lule\u00e5, Sweden, MiMi 2003:1"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gexplo.2006.08.003","article-title":"Geomicrobiological and geochemical investigation of a pyrrhotite-containing mine waste tailings dam near Selebi-Phikwe Botswana","volume":"92","author":"Schippers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2010.01.012","article-title":"The biogeochemistry and microbiology of sulfidic mine waste and bioleaching dumps and heaps, and novel Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria","volume":"104","author":"Schippers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.1.319-321.1999","article-title":"Bacterial leaching of metal sulfides proceeds by two indirect mechanisms via thiosulfate or via polysulfides and sulfur","volume":"65","author":"Schippers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1180\/0009855054010155","article-title":"The pH-dependent transformation of schwertmannite to goethite at 25\u00b0C","volume":"40","author":"Schwertmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2280","series-title":"Iron Oxides in the Laboratory: Preparation and Characterization","author":"Schwertmann","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1180\/0009855043940145","article-title":"Long-term in vitro transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to goethite\/hematite at 4, 10, 15 and 25\u00b0C","volume":"39","author":"Schwertmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clay Minerals"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228A","DOI":"10.1021\/es040548w","article-title":"Defining bioavailability and bioaccessibility of contaminated soil and sediment is complicated","volume":"38","author":"Semple","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1081\/CSS-120027638","article-title":"A laboratory study of pyrite oxidation in acid sulfate soils","volume":"35","author":"Shamshuddin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-7516(00)00017-X","article-title":"Observation of oxidation of galena using Raman spectroscopy","volume":"60","author":"Shapter","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Journal of Mineral Processing"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(98)00091-2","article-title":"Controls on pit lake water quality at sixteen open-pit mines in Nevada","volume":"14","author":"Shevenell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.2113\/gscanmin.43.4.1141","article-title":"Geochemical and mineralogical zoning of high-sulfide mine-waste at the Berikul mine-site, Kemerovo region, Russia","volume":"43","author":"Sidenko","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Canadian Mineralogist"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2005.01.012","article-title":"The attenuation of Ni, Zn and Cu, by secondary Fe phases of different crystallinity from surface and ground water of two sulfide mine tailings in Manitoba, Canada","volume":"20","author":"Sidenko","year":"2005","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2320","first-page":"12","article-title":"Kinetics of the oxidation of ferrous iron","author":"Singer","year":"1968"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1126\/science.167.3921.1121","article-title":"Acid mine drainage-rate determining step","volume":"167","author":"Singer","year":"1970","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-011-0684-y","article-title":"Characteristics of a phylogenetically-ambiguous, arsenic-oxidizing Thiomonas sp. (strain 3As)","volume":"193","author":"Slyemi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Archives of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-6875(00)00074-1","article-title":"SIMs studies of oxidation mechanisms and polysulfide formation in reacted sulfide surfaces","volume":"13","author":"Smart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Minerals Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8091","DOI":"10.1021\/es901629c","article-title":"Intracellular precipitation of Pb by Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 during the reductive dissolution of Pb-jarosite","volume":"43","author":"Smeaton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(02)00018-5","article-title":"A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters","volume":"17","author":"Smedley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2005.11.006","article-title":"Dissolution of lead- and lead\u2013arsenic-jarosites at pH 2 and 8 and 20\u00b0C: Insights from batch experiments","volume":"229","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2350","unstructured":"Smyth DJA (1981) Hydrogeological and Geochemical Studies Above the Water Table in an Inactive Uranium Tailings Impoundment near Elliot Lake, Ontario. MSc Thesis, University of Waterloo."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2355","first-page":"357","article-title":"The use of surfactants to prevent AMD in coal refuse and base metal tailings","author":"Sobek","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2360","unstructured":"Sobek AA, Schuller WA, Freeman JR, and Smith RM (1978) Field and laboratory methods applicable to overburdens and minesoils. EPA-600\/2-78-954. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-8574(95)00062-3","article-title":"Metal species indicate the potential of constructed wetlands for long term treatment of metal mine drainage","volume":"6","author":"Sobolewski","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ecological Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.58.6.1904-1912.1992","article-title":"Enumeration of Thiobacilli within pH-neutral and acidic mine tailings and their role in the development of secondary mineral soil","volume":"58","author":"Southam","year":"1992","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4527","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(94)90355-7","article-title":"The in vitro formation of placer gold by bacteria","volume":"58","author":"Southam","year":"1994","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005090224878","article-title":"Metal concentrations in aquatic macrophytes as influenced by soil and acidification","volume":"108","author":"Sparkling","year":"1998","journal-title":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2385","series-title":"European Coal Geology and Technology","first-page":"287","article-title":"Environmental impact of minerals in UK coals","volume":"vol. 125","author":"Spears","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9105","series-title":"The Chemistry and Technology of Coal","author":"Speight","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2390","series-title":"Stach's Textbook of Coal Petrology","author":"Stach","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.2475\/ajs.294.5.529","article-title":"A coupled model for transport of multiple chemical species and kinetic precipitation\/dissolution reactions with application to reactive flow in single phase hydrothermal systems","volume":"294","author":"Steefel","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2400","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reactive transport modelling of natural systems","volume":"209","author":"Steefel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2405","first-page":"97","article-title":"Microbially-mediated reductive dissolution of arsenic bearing minerals in a gold mine tailings impoundment","author":"Stichbury","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2410","first-page":"613","article-title":"Use of inhibitors to prevent acid mine drainage","volume":"2","author":"Stichbury","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(95)00057-7","article-title":"Feldspar dissolution at 25\u00b0C and pH 3: Reaction stoichiometry and the effect of cations","volume":"59","author":"Stillings","year":"1995","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2420","series-title":"Sulfate Minerals \u2013 Crystallography, Geochemistry and Environmental Significance","first-page":"453","article-title":"Alunite-jarosite crystallography, thermodynamics, and geochronology","volume":"vol. 40","author":"Stoffregen","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)00159-H","article-title":"Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal ions","volume":"18","author":"Stohs","year":"1995","journal-title":"Free Radical Biology & Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3233","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(92)90301-X","article-title":"The cycling of iron in natural environments: Considerations based on laboratory studies of heterogeneous redox processes","volume":"56","author":"Stumm","year":"1992","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1038\/358310a0","article-title":"Linear free energy relations for predicting dissolution rates of solids","volume":"358","author":"Sverjensky","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2440","first-page":"67","article-title":"Environmental aspects of trace elements in coal","volume":"8","author":"Swaine","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Coal Quality"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2445","series-title":"Trace Elements in Coal","author":"Swaine","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2450","first-page":"235","article-title":"The roasting of arsenical gold ores: A mineralogical perspective","author":"Swash","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2455","first-page":"177","article-title":"Hydrothermal precipitation from aqueous solutions containing iron(III), arsenate and sulphate","author":"Swash","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2460","first-page":"631","article-title":"Composition of interstitial gases in wood chips deposited on reactive tailings \u2013 Consequences for their use as an oxygen barrier","volume":"vol. 550","author":"Tass\u00e9","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(99)00057-8","article-title":"Geochemical modeling approach to predicting arsenic concentrations in a mine pit lake","volume":"15","author":"Tempel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(98)00087-8","article-title":"The role of surface sulfur species in the inhibition of pyrrhotite dissolution in acid conditions","volume":"62","author":"Thomas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(00)00503-2","article-title":"A mechanism to explain sudden changes in rates and products for pyrrhotite dissolution in acid solution","volume":"65","author":"Thomas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2480","first-page":"813","article-title":"The effectiveness of covers at Rum Jungle after fifteen years","author":"Timms","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/0098-3004(94)90038-8","article-title":"WHAM \u2013 A chemical equilibrium model and computer code for waters, sediments, and soils incorporating a discrete site\/electrostatic model of ion-binding by humic substances","volume":"20","author":"Tipping","year":"1994","journal-title":"Computational Geosciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(02)00957-2","article-title":"Surface oxidation of pyrite under ambient atmospheric and aqueous (pH=2 to 10) conditions: Electronic structure and mineralogy from X-ray absorption spectroscopy","volume":"67","author":"Todd","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2495","first-page":"381","article-title":"Electronic structure and the chemical reactivity of the surface of galena","volume":"25","author":"Tossell","year":"1987","journal-title":"The Canadian Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-386X(00)00181-X","article-title":"Direct versus indirect bioleaching","volume":"59","author":"Tributsch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hydrometallurgy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.280310186","article-title":"Semiconductor-electrochemical aspects of bacterial leaching: II Survey of rate controlling metal sulfide properties","volume":"31","author":"Tributsch","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.280310176","article-title":"Semiconductor-electrochemical aspects of bacterial leaching:I Oxidation of Metal","volume":"31","author":"Tributsch","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2515","series-title":"Biomining","first-page":"263","article-title":"Biological strategies for obtaining energy by degrading sulfide minerals","author":"Tributsch","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1080\/01490450490453877","article-title":"Development of iron-phosphate biofilms on pyritic mine waste rock surfaces previously treated with natural phosphate rock","volume":"21","author":"Ueshima","year":"2004","journal-title":"Geomicrobiology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2525","unstructured":"USDA (1993) Acid drainage from mines on the National Forest: A management challenge. U.S. Forest Service Publication. 1505, pp. 1\u201312."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2530","unstructured":"USEPA (2000) Bioaccumulation testing and interpretation for the purpose of sediment quality assessment. pp. 1\u2013475."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2535","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Valkovi\u0107","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-2361(96)00116-0","article-title":"Some relationships between coal rank and chemical and mineral composition","volume":"75","author":"Vassilev","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2545","series-title":"Mineral Chemistry of Metal Sulfides","author":"Vaughan","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2541(93)90120-8","article-title":"Constancy of silicate-mineral weathering-rate ratios between natural and experimental weathering: Implications for hydrologic control of differences in absolute rates","volume":"105","author":"Velbel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chemical Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(00)00331-6","article-title":"Geochemical changes in sulfidic mine tailings stored under a shallow water cover","volume":"35","author":"Vigneault","year":"2001","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.2113\/gselements.1.4.223","article-title":"Trace metal retention on biogenic manganese oxide nanoparticles","volume":"1","author":"Villalobos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Elements"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib9575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2002.1788","article-title":"Competitive sorption of arsenate and phosphate on different clay minerals and soils","volume":"68","author":"Violante","year":"2002","journal-title":"Soil Science Society of America Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.2113\/gscanmin.43.4.1205","article-title":"The speciation of arsenic in iron oxides in mine wastes from the giant gold mine, N.W.T.: Application of synchrotron micro-XRD and micro-xanes at the grain scale","volume":"43","author":"Walker","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Canadian Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3749\/canmin.47.3.533","article-title":"Arsenic mineralogy of near-surface tailings and soils: Influences on arsenic mobility and bioaccessibility in the nova scotia gold mining districts","volume":"47","author":"Walker","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Canadian Mineralogist"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2005.12.010","article-title":"Kinetics of arsenopyrite oxidative dissolution by oxygen","volume":"70","author":"Walker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3137","DOI":"10.1029\/94WR00955","article-title":"Modelling of multicomponent reactive transport in groundwater. 1. Model development and testing","volume":"30","author":"Walter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Water Resources Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.1029\/94WR00954","article-title":"Modelling of multicomponent reactive transport in groundwater. 2. Metal mobility in aquifers impacted by acidic mine tailings discharge","volume":"30","author":"Walter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Water Resources Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.2113\/gsecongeo.93.8.1307","article-title":"Geology and mineralization of the Cannington Ag\u2013Pb\u2013Zn deposit: An example of Broken Hill-type mineralization in the Eastern succession, Mount Isa inlier, Australia","volume":"93","author":"Walters","year":"1998","journal-title":"Economic Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2595","first-page":"215","article-title":"Geochemistry of the processes that attenuate acid mine drainage in wetlands","volume":"6A","author":"Walton-Day","year":"1999","journal-title":"Reviews in Economic Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(99)00158-8","article-title":"Delineating metal accumulation pathways for marine invertebrates","volume":"237\/238","author":"Wang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-5162(89)90104-3","article-title":"Minerals in bituminous coals of the Sydney basin (Australia) and the Illinois basin (U.S.A.)","volume":"13","author":"Ward","year":"1989","journal-title":"International Journal of Coal Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-8252(01)00032-0","article-title":"Biogeochemical controls on metal behaviour in freshwater environments","volume":"54","author":"Warren","year":"2001","journal-title":"Earth-Science Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1021\/es9703335","article-title":"Prevention of acid mine drainage using in situ porous reactive walls: Selection of reactive mixtures","volume":"32","author":"Waybrant","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1021\/es010751g","article-title":"Treatment of mine drainage using permeable reactive barriers: Column experiments","volume":"36","author":"Waybrant","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(96)89830-9","article-title":"Wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) study of \u2018two-line\u2019 ferrihydrite structure: Effect of arsenate sorption and counterion variation and comparison with EXAFS results","volume":"60","author":"Waychunas","year":"1996","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-005-3393-z","article-title":"Surface complexation studied via combined grazing-incidence EXAFS and surface diffraction: Arsenate on hematite (0001) and (1012)","volume":"383","author":"Waychunas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2635","series-title":"Thermodynamic Modeling of Geological Materials: Minerals, Fluids and Melts","first-page":"143","article-title":"Models of mineral solubility in concentrated brines with application to field observations","volume":"vol. 17","author":"Weare","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1021\/es9704390","article-title":"Trace metal adsorption onto an acid drainage iron(III) oxy hydroxy sulfate","volume":"23","author":"Webster","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2645","unstructured":"Weisener CG (2002) The Reactivity of Iron and Zinc Sulfide Mineral Surfaces: Adsorption and Dissolution Mechanisms. PhD Thesis, University of South Australia."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2650","first-page":"1","article-title":"Microbial biochemical alteration of silver jarosite in mine wastes: Implications for trace metal behavior in terrestrial systems","volume":"25","author":"Weisener","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geomicrobiology Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gexplo.2011.03.004","article-title":"The effect of Ca-Fe-As coatings on microbial leaching of metals in arsenic bearing mine waste","volume":"110","author":"Weisener","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(02)01276-0","article-title":"Spectroscopic characterisation of leached sphalerite surfaces as a function of temperature at pH 1","volume":"67","author":"Weisener","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"issue":"8\u20139","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-6875(00)00078-9","article-title":"The stability of iron phases presently used for disposal from metallurgical systems \u2013 A review","volume":"13","author":"Welham","year":"2000","journal-title":"Minerals Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2670","series-title":"The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits. Part A: Processes, Techniques, and Health Issues","first-page":"325","article-title":"Static-test methods most commonly used to predict acid-mine drainage: Practical guidelines for use and interpretation","volume":"vol. 6A","author":"White","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(84)90351-X","article-title":"Rates of reaction of pyrite and marcasite with ferric iron at pH 2","volume":"48","author":"Wiersma","year":"1984","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540000162","article-title":"Arsenic in mine waters: An international study","volume":"40","author":"Williams","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environmental Geology"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(02)00019-7","article-title":"Assessing mine drainage pH from color and spectral reflectance of chemical precipitates","volume":"17","author":"Williams","year":"2002","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5443","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(94)90241-0","article-title":"The kinetics and electrochemical rate-determining step of aqueous pyrite oxidation","volume":"58","author":"Williamson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2695","first-page":"75","article-title":"Hydrowoodwardite, a new mineral of the hydrotalcite group from K\u00f6nigswalde near Annaberg, Saxony\/Germany and other localities","author":"Witzke","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neues Jahrbuch Mineral Monatsh"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(91)90153-V","article-title":"Olivine dissolution at 25\u00b0C: Effects of pH, CO2 and organic acids","volume":"55","author":"Wogelius","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2705","unstructured":"World Energy Council (2009) Survey of Energy Resources Interim Update 2009, 96 p. ISBN: 0 946121 34 6."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1029\/96WR02105","article-title":"A multicomponent reactive transport model incorporating kinetically controlled pyrite oxidation","volume":"32","author":"Wunderly","year":"1996","journal-title":"Water Resources Research"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005266232379","article-title":"Controlling acid drainage in a pyritic mine waste rock. Part II: Geochemistry of drainage","volume":"124","author":"Yanful","year":"2000","journal-title":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1139\/t99-044","article-title":"Oxidation of flooded mine tailings due to resuspension","volume":"36","author":"Yanful","year":"1999","journal-title":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(03)00133-1","article-title":"A kinetic study of the oxidation of arsenopyrite in acidic solutions: Implications for the environment","volume":"19","author":"Yunmei","year":"2004","journal-title":"Applied Geochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2730","article-title":"Stability of lime treatment sludges","author":"Zinck","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0_bib2735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s10230-010-0101-9","article-title":"Influent water quality affects performance of passive treatment systems for acid mine drainage","volume":"29","author":"Zipper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mine Water Environment"}],"container-title":["Treatise on Geochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:B9780080959757009050?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:B9780080959757009050?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,7]],"date-time":"2020-08-07T14:40:22Z","timestamp":1596811222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/B9780080959757009050"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"ISBN":["9780080983004"],"references-count":558,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/b978-0-08-095975-7.00905-0","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}