{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T23:53:17Z","timestamp":1769385197288,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780123855145","type":"print"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/b978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,4]],"date-time":"2011-03-04T04:32:37Z","timestamp":1299213157000},"page":"237-287","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Digital Feudalism"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Sascha D.","family":"Meinrath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Losey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Victor W.","family":"Pickard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0005","series-title":"Internet Architecture and Innovation","author":"van Schewick","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0010","series-title":"The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom","author":"Benkler","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0015","series-title":"Digital Destiny: New Media and the Future of Democracy","author":"Jeff","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0020","series-title":"Who Controls the Internet? Illusions of a Borderless World","author":"Goldsmith","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0025","series-title":"The Master Switch: The Rise and Fall of Information Empires","author":"Tim","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0020","series-title":"Next Generation Connectivity: A Review of Broadband Internet Transitions and Policy from Around the World","author":"Yochai","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0025","series-title":"Price of the Pipe: Comparing the Price of Broadband Service Around the Globe","author":"James","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0030","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dis-empowering users vs. maintaining Internet freedom: network management and Quality of Service (QoS)","volume":"18","author":"Lennett","year":"2009","journal-title":"CommLaw Conspectus"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444808093734","article-title":"Cooptation and cooperation: institutional exemplars of democratic Internet technology","volume":"10","author":"Pickard","year":"2008","journal-title":"New Media Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0045","first-page":"225","article-title":"The new network neutrality: criteria for Internet freedom","volume":"12","author":"Meinrath","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. CommLaw Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0050","first-page":"1052","article-title":"Revitalizing the public airwaves: opportunistic unlicensed reuse of government spectrum","volume":"3","author":"Pickard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0055","series-title":"The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere. Trans. T. Burger","author":"Habermas","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0060","series-title":"Political Communication in Media Society\u2014Does Democracy Still Enjoy an Epistemic Dimension? The Impact of Normative Theory on Empirical Research","author":"Habermas","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0065","series-title":"Digital Capitalism. Networking the Global Market System","author":"Schiller","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0070","series-title":"Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture and Control Creativity","author":"Lessig","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0075","series-title":"Steal This Idea: Intellectual Property Rights and the Corporate Confiscation of Creativity","author":"Perelman","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0090","series-title":"The New ICT Ecosystem: Implications for Europe","author":"Fransman","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0095","series-title":"The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It","author":"Zittrain","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0085","series-title":"The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World","author":"Lessig","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-9137.2008.00028.x","article-title":"Critiques on the Participatory Potentials of Web 2.0","volume":"1","author":"Cammaerts","year":"2008","journal-title":"Commun. Culture Critique"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0095","series-title":"Protocol Politics: The Globalization of Internet Governance","author":"DeNardis","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0100","article-title":"Beware the black market rising for IP addresses","volume":"May 3","author":"Beckman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Info World"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0105","article-title":"Verizon E-mail Embargo Enrages","volume":"January 10","author":"Gartner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Wired"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0110","article-title":"Verizon proposes settlement for class action lawsuit","volume":"April 5","author":"Anderson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ars Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0115","article-title":"When everything was Spam to ISP","volume":"November 11","author":"Delio","year":"2002","journal-title":"Wired"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0120","article-title":"AT&T: 4chan block due to DDoS attack coming from 4chan IPs","volume":"July 27","author":"Cheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ars Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0125","article-title":"Wikipedia Bans Church of Scientology","volume":"May 29","author":"Singel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wired"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0130","article-title":"Wiseguys indicted in $25 million online ticket ring","volume":"March 1","author":"Zetter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wired"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0135","first-page":"55","article-title":"IMS: a critique of the grand plan","volume":"54","author":"John","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bus. Commun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0140","series-title":"The Hidden Harms of Application Bias","author":"Chris Riley","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0160","series-title":"Network neutrality, search neutrality, and the never-ending conflict between efficiency and fairness in markets","author":"Odylzko","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0165","series-title":"Pricing and Architecture of the Internet: Historical Perspectives from Telecommunications and Transportation","author":"Odylzko","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0150","article-title":"Mexico may cut off 30 million cellphones under new registration law","volume":"April 8,","author":"Hernandez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Los Angeles Times,"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0155","article-title":"Shops track customers via mobile phone: signals given off by phones allow shopping centres to monitor how long people stay and which stores they visit","volume":"May 16","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Times"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0160","article-title":"French anti-P2P law toughest in the World","volume":"March 10","author":"Anderson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ars Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0165","article-title":"France passes Harsh anti-P2P three-strikes law (again)","volume":"September 15","author":"Anderson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ars Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0170","article-title":"Major labels go Bragh? Irish Judge allows 3 strikes","volume":"April","author":"Anderson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ars Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0175","article-title":"France's anti-piracy goon squad pirates the font in its logo","volume":"January 12","author":"Doctorow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Boingboing"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0200","article-title":"Comcast settles P2P throttling class-action for $16 million","volume":"December 22","author":"Cheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ars Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0205","article-title":"Just like Comcast? RCN accused of throttling P2P","volume":"April","author":"Anderson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ars Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0185","article-title":"SFN report: Japan leads with 3G penetration","volume":"May 10","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"SFN Blog"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0190","article-title":"Vonage says ISP blocked its calls: a broadband provider prevented customers from using its service, company says","volume":"February 16","author":"Lawson","year":"2005","journal-title":"PC World"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0195","article-title":"Comcast takes hard line against spam","volume":"June 10","author":"Hu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cnet"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0200","article-title":"Comcast reports 35 percent decline in spam","volume":"June 29","author":"Hu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cnet"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0205","article-title":"The Dark Lord of Broadband Tries to Fix Comcast's Image","volume":"January 19","author":"Roth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wired"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0210","article-title":"Comcast: we're delaying, not blocking, BitTorrent traffic","volume":"October 22","author":"Stone","year":"2007","journal-title":"New York Times"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0215","article-title":"Say hello to.\u0645\u0648\u0643 as domain names go truly global","volume":"October 30","author":"Cheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ars Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0220","article-title":"Domain helper service: here to help you","volume":"July 9","author":"Griffiths","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comcast Voices"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0225","series-title":"Community Informatics","first-page":"45","article-title":"Creating community in conspiracy with the enemy","author":"Stolterman","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0255","article-title":"AT&T Admits It Edited Webcasts Before Pearl Jam's","volume":"August 13","author":"Kaufman","year":"2007","journal-title":"MTV"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0260","article-title":"Verizon Blocks Messages of Abortion Rights Group","volume":"September 27","author":"Liptak","year":"2007","journal-title":"New York Times"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0265","series-title":"Open Architecture as Communications Policy","author":"Cooper","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0270","series-title":"Coordinating the Internet","author":"Kahin","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0240","article-title":"Telecommunications Internetworking","author":"Louis","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0245","article-title":"Verizon to launch its first Bluetooth phone","volume":"July 26","author":"Nobel","year":"2004","journal-title":"eWeek"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0250","article-title":"Motorola V710","volume":"August 26,","author":"Segan","year":"2004","journal-title":"PC Mag."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0255","article-title":"Apple is growing rotten to the core: official Google Voice App Blocked from App Store","volume":"July 27,","author":"Kincaid","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tech Crunch,"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0260","article-title":"Apple brings 3G VoIP to the iPhone","volume":"January 28,","author":"Higginbotham","year":"2010","journal-title":"GigaOM,"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0265","article-title":"Adobe Apps: easier to pass through the \u2018i\u2019 of a needle?","volume":"April 8","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wired"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0270","series-title":"Mobile Devices are Increasingly Locked Down and Controlled by the Carriers: How Cell Phone \u201cCustomization\u201d Undermines End-Users by Redefining Ownership","author":"Meredith","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0275","first-page":"61","article-title":"Closed systems, closed architectures and closed minds","author":"Waclawsky","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bus. Commun. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0280","series-title":"Media Democracy Deferred: The Postwar Settlement for U.S. Communications, 1945\u201349","author":"Pickard","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0285","article-title":"Home Broadband Adoption 2009: broadband adoption increases, but monthly prices do too","volume":"June","author":"Horrigan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pew Internet and America Life Project"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0290","article-title":"Apple Genius Bar: iPhones' 30 percent call drop is \u201cnormal\u201d in New York","volume":"September 29,","author":"Buchanan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gizmodo,"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1145\/1234161.1234174","article-title":"Opportunistic Spectrum Access: Challenges, Architecture, Protocols","volume":"August 2\u20135","author":"Santivanez","year":"2006","journal-title":"WiCon'06"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0300","series-title":"Measuring the TV \u201cWhite Space\u201d Available for Unlicensed Wireless Broadband","author":"Scott","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0305","article-title":"Open Communication Platforms: Cornerstone of Innovation and Democratic Discourse in the Internet Age","volume":"1","author":"Cooper","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Telecommun. High Technol. Law"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_bb0310","article-title":"Atheros Turns Cell Phone Into Access Point","volume":"January 10","author":"Rickn\u00e4s","year":"2009","journal-title":"PC World"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0350","series-title":"Broadband Speeds in Perspective: A Comparison of National Broadband Goals from Around the Globe","author":"Losey","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7_rf0355","article-title":"4Mbps broadband for all to cost $23 billion, won't use fiber","volume":"May","author":"Anderson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ars Tech."}],"container-title":["Advances in Computers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T07:21:25Z","timestamp":1543908085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/B9780123855145000057"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"ISBN":["9780123855145"],"references-count":70,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/b978-0-12-385514-5.00005-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0065-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0065-2458","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}