{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T17:31:08Z","timestamp":1760549468850},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["aiimjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Artificial Intelligence in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,8]],"date-time":"2013-12-08T17:47:12Z","timestamp":1386524832000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Knowledge discovery in clinical decision support systems for pain management: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Nuno","family":"Pombo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.04.025","article-title":"The Kyoto protocol of IASP basic pain terminology","volume":"137","author":"Loeser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"year":"2011","series-title":"Committee on advancing pain research, care, medicine EI of relieving pain in America: a blueprint for transforming prevention, care, education, and research","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)04088-X","article-title":"Management of chronic pain","volume":"353","author":"Ashburn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.3111\/13696998.2010.529379","article-title":"The impact of pain on labor force participation, absenteeism and presenteeism in the European Union","volume":"13","author":"Langley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Economics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3135","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.23.3135","article-title":"Cost of lost productive work time among US workers with depression","volume":"289","author":"Stewart","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2008.09.018","article-title":"Towards a theory of chronic pain","volume":"87","author":"Apkarian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Progress in Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1097\/00000446-199702000-00010","article-title":"Pain ratings: the fifth vital sign","volume":"97","author":"McCaffery","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Nursing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2011.10.044","article-title":"A belief rule-based decision support system for clinical risk assessment of cardiac chest pain","volume":"219","author":"Kong","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"year":"2011","series-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 5.1.0","author":"Higgins","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0045"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0050","first-page":"287","article-title":"Development of a decision algorithm to support emergency triage of scrotal pain and its implementation in the met system","volume":"43","author":"Michalowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"INFOR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0055","first-page":"429","article-title":"Mining clinical data: selecting decision support algorithm for the MET-AP system","author":"Blaszczynski","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIME"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0060","first-page":"805","article-title":"Rough set methodology in clinical practice: controlled hospital trial of the MET system","volume":"vol. 3066","author":"Farion","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0065","series-title":"Proceedings of the 37th annual Hawaii international conference on system sciences (HICSS\u201904) \u2013 track 6, vol. 6","first-page":"60161a","article-title":"Triage of acute abdominal pain in childhood: clinical use of a palm handheld in a pediatric emergency department","author":"Michalowski","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0070","series-title":"35th annual meeting of the decision sciences institute","first-page":"6601","article-title":"Mobile emergency triage: lessons from a clinical trial","author":"Michalowski","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1633918","article-title":"Design and development of a mobile system for supporting emergency triage","volume":"44","author":"Michalowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods of Information in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2007.01.004","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of the MET-AP system providing triage plans for acute pediatric abdominal pain","volume":"77","author":"Farion","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3414\/ME0574","article-title":"Clinical decision support system for point of care use: ontology driven design and software implementation","volume":"48","author":"Farion","year":"2009","journal-title":"Methods of Information in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1635055","article-title":"MEDUSA: a fuzzy expert system for medical diagnosis of acute abdominal pain","volume":"33","author":"Fathi-Torbaghan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Methods of Information in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0933-3657(96)00354-5","article-title":"Deep assessment of machine learning techniques using patient treatment in acute abdominal pain in children","volume":"8","author":"Blazadonakis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0933-3657(95)00018-6","article-title":"Evaluation of automatic knowledge acquisition techniques in the diagnosis of acute abdominal pain","volume":"8","author":"Ohmann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0105","series-title":"Proceedings of the tenth IEEE symposium on computer-based medical systems","first-page":"2","article-title":"Decision support in acute abdominal pain using an expert system for different knowledge bases","author":"Eich","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/43.10.1919","article-title":"Early assessment of patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction by biochemical monitoring and neural network analysis","volume":"43","author":"Ellenius","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-5056(00)00064-2","article-title":"Transferability of neural network-based decision support algorithms for early assessment of chest-pain patients","volume":"60","author":"Ellenius","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2607(96)01782-8","article-title":"An artificial neural network system for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the accident and emergency department: evaluation and comparison with serum myoglobin measurements","volume":"52","author":"Kennedy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0933-3657(98)00027-X","article-title":"Treatment of missing data values in a neural network based decision support system for acute abdominal pain","volume":"13","author":"Pesonen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0130","series-title":"IEE colloquium on knowledge discovery and data mining (1998\/434), vol. 2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interpretation and knowledge discovery from a MLP network that performs low back pain classification","author":"Vaughn","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1159\/000006960","article-title":"Clinical experience with a decision support computer program using Bayes\u2019 theorem to diagnose chest pain patients","volume":"92","author":"Aase","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-4825(00)00022-6","article-title":"Using patient-reportable clinical history factors to predict myocardial infarction","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Computers in Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2002.122705","article-title":"A neural computational aid to the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"39","author":"Baxt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annals of Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0150","series-title":"Proceedings of the eleventh annual international workshop on software technology and engineering practice","first-page":"164","article-title":"Ontology-based information integration in health care: a focus on palliative care","author":"Kuziemsky","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(02)00638-3","article-title":"Usability of a computerized PAINReportIt in the general public with pain and people with cancer pain","volume":"25","author":"Wilkie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Pain and Symptom Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1097\/00024665-200307000-00011","article-title":"Developing a computerized data collection and decision support system for cancer pain management","volume":"21","author":"Huang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Computers Informatics Nursing: CIN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2005.10.007","article-title":"A decision support system for lower back pain diagnosis: uncertainty management and clinical evaluations","volume":"42","author":"Lin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2005.07.028","article-title":"A Bayesian model for triage decision support","volume":"75","author":"Sadeghi","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.403","article-title":"Triage and diagnosis of chest pain in rural hospitals: implementation of the ACI-TIPI in the High Plains Research Network","volume":"4","author":"Westfall","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annals of Family Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2006.09.018","article-title":"A system for interactive assessment and management in palliative care","volume":"33","author":"Chang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Pain and Symptom Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0185","series-title":"Engineering in medicine and biology society, 2007. EMBS 2007. 29th annual international conference of the IEEE","first-page":"3144","article-title":"Identification of patellofemoral pain syndrome using a Support Vector Machine approach","author":"Lai","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2006.09.003","article-title":"Predicting carcinoid heart disease with the noisy-threshold classifier","volume":"40","author":"van Gerven","year":"2007","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.01.006","article-title":"Dynamic Bayesian networks as prognostic models for clinical patient management","volume":"41","author":"van Gerven","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2007.06.004","article-title":"An integrated fuzzy logic and web-based framework for active protocol support","volume":"77","author":"Binaghi","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0205","series-title":"eHealth beyond the horizon \u2013 get IT there, proceedings of MIE2008, the XXIst international congress of the European federation for medical informatics, vol. 136","first-page":"169","article-title":"Improving pain & symptom management for advanced cancer patients with a clinical decision support system","author":"Elvidge","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2007.08.009","article-title":"Ontology-enhanced automatic chief complaint classification for syndromic surveillance","volume":"41","author":"Lu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0215","series-title":"AMIA annual symposium proceedings","article-title":"Evaluation of a dynamic Bayesian belief network to predict osteoarthritic knee pain using data from the osteoarthritis initiative","author":"Watt","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0220","series-title":"International conference on Semantic Technology and Information Retrieval (STAIR)","first-page":"106","article-title":"The application of ontology in a clinical decision support system for acute postoperative pain management","author":"Abas","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0225","series-title":"Ontology-driven cardiovascular decision support system","first-page":"283","author":"Farooq","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2011.01.106","article-title":"A probabilistic SVM based decision system for pain diagnosis","volume":"38","author":"Jinglin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0235","series-title":"5th international conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare (PervasiveHealth)","first-page":"504","article-title":"Optimizing long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with systematic documentation","author":"Simonic","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0240","series-title":"Proceedings of the fifth national conference on artificial intelligence","article-title":"The multi-purpose incremental learning system AQ15 and its testing application to three medical domains","author":"Michalski","year":"1986"},{"year":"1993","series-title":"C4.5: programs for machine learning","author":"Quinlan","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0245"},{"year":"1984","series-title":"Classification and regression trees","author":"Breiman","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0250"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00116835","article-title":"The CN2 induction algorithm","volume":"3","author":"Clark","year":"1989","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00116251","article-title":"Induction of decision trees","volume":"1","author":"Quinlan","year":"1986","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"year":"1990","series-title":"(TI) TI. Manual for NEWID version 2.0: technical report","author":"Boswell","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0265"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1109\/69.149926","article-title":"An information theoretic approach to rule induction from databases","volume":"4","author":"Smyth","year":"1992","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(87)80003-2","article-title":"PRISM: an algorithm for inducing modular rules","volume":"27","author":"Cendrowska","year":"1987","journal-title":"International Journal of Man\u2013Machine Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0280","series-title":"Proceedings of the 8th European conference on machine learning","first-page":"151","article-title":"A minimization approach to propositional inductive learning","author":"Gamberger","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1006\/cbmr.1996.0020","article-title":"Probabilistic rule induction from a medical research study database","volume":"29","author":"Clarke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Computers and Biomedical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.10.031","article-title":"Comparing machine learning classifiers in potential distribution modelling","volume":"38","author":"Lorena","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0295","series-title":"Proceedings of the third international symposium on advances in intelligent data analysis","first-page":"63","article-title":"The biases of decision tree pruning strategies","author":"Elomaa","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-7051(01)00163-0","article-title":"Using J-pruning to reduce overfitting in classification trees","volume":"15","author":"Bramer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Knowledge-Based Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-007-9052-3","article-title":"Machine learning: a review of classification and combining techniques","volume":"26","author":"Kotsiantis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2011.09.002","article-title":"An interval set model for learning rules from incomplete information table","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Approximate Reasoning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0315","series-title":"Proceedings of the 6th European knowledge acquisition workshop on current developments in knowledge acquisition","first-page":"9","article-title":"Applications of machine learning","author":"Morik","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1209\/0295-5075\/11\/7\/018","article-title":"Learning from examples in a single-layer neural network","volume":"11","author":"Hansel","year":"1990","journal-title":"Europhysics Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1109\/34.62605","article-title":"Links between Markov models and multilayer perceptrons","volume":"12","author":"Bourlard","year":"1990","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2008.09.003","article-title":"Machine learning techniques to examine large patient databases","volume":"23","author":"Meyfroidt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0933-3657(01)00077-X","article-title":"Machine learning for medical diagnosis: history, state of the art and perspective","volume":"23","author":"Kononenko","year":"2001","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(00)00015-0","article-title":"Information complexity of neural networks","volume":"13","author":"Kon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1162\/089976601317098484","article-title":"Specification of training sets and the number of hidden neurons for multilayer perceptrons","volume":"13","author":"Camargo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0350","first-page":"7","article-title":"Rough set theory and its applications","volume":"29","author":"Pawlak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Information Systems Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0355","series-title":"Proceedings of the 9th international conference on rough sets, fuzzy sets, data mining, and granular computing","first-page":"114","article-title":"A new rough sets model based on database systems","author":"Hu","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0360","series-title":"IEEE international conference on granular computing","first-page":"67","article-title":"Ensembles of classifiers based on rough sets theory and set-oriented database operations","author":"Hu","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2006.06.003","article-title":"Rudiments of rough sets","volume":"177","author":"Pawlak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","article-title":"Fuzzy sets","volume":"8","author":"Zadeh","year":"1965","journal-title":"Information and Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(89)80021-5","article-title":"Combining stochastic uncertainty and linguistic inexactness: theory and experimental evaluation of four fuzzy probability models","volume":"30","author":"Zwick","year":"1989","journal-title":"International Journal of Man\u2013Machine Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0380","series-title":"Enterprise distributed object computing conference workshops (EDOCW), 2010 14th IEEE international","first-page":"263","article-title":"A meta-ontology approach for representing vague linguistic terms and fuzzy rules for classification in ontologies","author":"Yaguinuma","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(90)90014-W","article-title":"Membership function as an evaluation","volume":"35","author":"Dombi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets and Systems"},{"year":"2009","series-title":"The elements of statistical learning: data mining, inference, and prediction","author":"Hastie","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0390"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0395","series-title":"Readings in uncertain reasoning","first-page":"332","author":"Andersen","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0400","series-title":"Proceedings of the eleventh conference on uncertainty in artificial intelligence","first-page":"338","article-title":"Estimating continuous distributions in Bayesian classifiers","author":"John","year":"1995"},{"year":"1995","series-title":"A tutorial on learning with Bayesian networks","author":"Heckerman","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0405"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0410","series-title":"Proceedings of the ninth conference on uncertainty in artificial intelligence","first-page":"99","article-title":"Parameter adjustment in Bayes networks: the generalized noisy or-gate","author":"Diez","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0415","series-title":"Proceedings of the eighteenth conference on uncertainty in artificial intelligence","first-page":"528","article-title":"Exploiting functional dependence in Bayesian network inference","author":"Vomlel","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0420","series-title":"Proceedings of the 17th European conference on machine learning","first-page":"234","article-title":"EM algorithm for symmetric causal independence models","author":"Jurgelenaite","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0425","series-title":"Proceedings of the thirtieth annual ACM symposium on theory of computing","first-page":"604","article-title":"Approximate nearest neighbors: towards removing the curse of dimensionality","author":"Indyk","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00153759","article-title":"Instance-based learning algorithms","volume":"6","author":"Aha","year":"1991","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780100718","article-title":"Applied logistic regression","volume":"10","author":"Cole","year":"1991","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0440","first-page":"986","article-title":"KNN model-based approach in classification","volume":"vol. 2888","author":"Guo","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/S1532-0464(03)00034-0","article-title":"Logistic regression and artificial neural network classification models: a methodology review","volume":"35","author":"Dreiseitl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0450","series-title":"International conference on computer information systems and industrial management applications (CISIM)","first-page":"193","article-title":"Comparing performances of logistic regression, decision trees, and neural networks for classifying heart disease patients","author":"Khemphila","year":"2010"},{"year":"1995","series-title":"The nature of statistical learning theory","author":"Vapnik","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0455"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8616","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2008.10.013","article-title":"A hybrid evolutionary algorithm for attribute selection in data mining","volume":"36","author":"Tan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009715923555","article-title":"A tutorial on support vector machines for pattern recognition","volume":"2","author":"Burges","year":"1998","journal-title":"Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh061","article-title":"The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS): integrating biomedical terminology","volume":"32","author":"Bodenreider","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0475","series-title":"Proceedings of the seventh international conference on information and knowledge management","first-page":"132","article-title":"A hierarchical approach to the automatic categorization of medical documents","author":"De Lima","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/42.1.81","article-title":"Logical observation identifier names and codes (LOINC) database: a public use set of codes and names for electronic reporting of clinical laboratory test results","volume":"42","author":"Forrey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510380059038","article-title":"Understanding and using the medical subject headings (MeSH) vocabulary to perform literature searches","volume":"271","author":"Lowe","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0490","series-title":"Proceedings of the AMIA symposium","first-page":"741","article-title":"Mapping between SNOMED RT and clinical terms version 3: a key component of the SNOMED CT development process","author":"Wang","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0495","series-title":"IEEE international conference on systems, man and cybernetics, 2006. SMC\u2019 06, vol. 2","first-page":"1137","article-title":"Ontology-based automatic chief complaints classification for syndromic surveillance","author":"Lu","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1634558","article-title":"Desiderata for controlled medical vocabularies in the twenty-first century","volume":"37","author":"Cimino","year":"1998","journal-title":"Methods of Information in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0505","first-page":"124","article-title":"The practical impact of ontologies on biomedical informatics","volume":"1","author":"Cimino","year":"2006","journal-title":"IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2005.04.013","article-title":"Ontology integration: experience with medical terminologies","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Computers in Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(75)90044-5","article-title":"The McGill Pain Questionnaire: major properties and scoring methods","volume":"1","author":"Melzack","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pain"},{"year":"2000","series-title":"Computerized adaptive testing: a primer","author":"Wainer","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0520"},{"year":"1985","series-title":"Item response theory: principles and applications\/Ronald K. Hambleton, Hariharan Swaminathan","author":"Hambleton","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0525"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-11_Part_1-199812010-00002","article-title":"Use of the acute cardiac ischemia time-insensitive predictive instrument (ACI-TIPI) to assist with triage of patients with chest pain or other symptoms suggestive of acute cardiac ischemia: a multicenter, controlled clinical trial","volume":"129","author":"Selker","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.49.11.916","article-title":"Judging disease activity in clinical practice in rheumatoid arthritis: first step in the development of a disease activity score","volume":"49","author":"Van der Heijde","year":"1990","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1790050303","article-title":"The health assessment questionnaire 1992. Status and review","volume":"5","author":"Ramey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.01.007","article-title":"Evolution and challenges in the design of computational systems for triage assistance","volume":"41","author":"Abad-Grau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s13142-011-0022-6","article-title":"Behavioral medicine perspectives on the design of health information technology to improve decision-making, guideline adherence, and care coordination in chronic pain management","volume":"1","author":"Midboe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Translational Behavioral Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92+","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-6-92","article-title":"Computerized clinical decision support systems for chronic disease management: a decision-maker-researcher partnership systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Roshanov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Implementation Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2007.00278.x","article-title":"Computerized decision-support systems for chronic pain management in primary care","volume":"8","author":"Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-5056(02)00098-9","article-title":"Hospital information systems: perspectives on problems and prospects, 1979 and 2002","volume":"69","author":"Ball","year":"2003","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0570","series-title":"2010 second international conference on multimedia and information technology (MMIT), vol. 1","first-page":"60","article-title":"Application of EHR in health care","author":"Yina","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2004.834397","article-title":"Personal health information management system and its application in referral management","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine"},{"year":"2005","series-title":"Service-oriented architecture: concepts, technology, and design","author":"Erl","key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0580"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1145\/1364782.1364786","article-title":"Cloud computing","volume":"51","author":"Hayes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0590","series-title":"Lecture notes in engineering and computer science: proceedings of the international multiconference of engineers and computer scientists, vol. 1","first-page":"589","article-title":"Contribution of web services to improve pain diaries experience","author":"Pombo","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/abm\/16.3.199","article-title":"Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in behavorial medicine","volume":"16","author":"Stone","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annals of Behavioral Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005_bib0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1258\/jtt.2011.101102","article-title":"Smartphone applications for pain management","volume":"17","author":"Rosser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare"}],"container-title":["Artificial Intelligence in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0933365713001577?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0933365713001577?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T19:00:02Z","timestamp":1597172402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0933365713001577"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":120,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0933365713001577"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0933-3657"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0933-3657"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Knowledge discovery in clinical decision support systems for pain management: A systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.artmed.2013.11.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}