{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T09:52:05Z","timestamp":1777456325501,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Automatica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T05:57:06Z","timestamp":1774591026000},"page":"112946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A virtual actuator and sensor approach for fault tolerant control of a class of sampled-data control systems"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Damiano","family":"Rotondo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tarek","family":"Ahmed-Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2016.01.048","article-title":"Using exponential time-varying gains for sampled-data stabilization and estimation","volume":"67","author":"Ahmed-Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1080\/00207179.2019.1680871","article-title":"Sampled-data based observer design for nonlinear systems with output distributed delay","volume":"94","author":"Ammeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b3","series-title":"Matrices: methods and applications","author":"Barnett","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2020.109450","article-title":"Passivation blocks for fault tolerant control of nonlinear systems","volume":"125","author":"Bessa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2008.03.028","article-title":"Observer design for wired linear networked control systems using matrix inequalities","volume":"44","author":"Da\u010di\u0107","year":"2008","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1080\/00207170210141860","article-title":"Non-linear observer based on the Euler discretization","volume":"75","author":"El\u00a0Assoudi","year":"2002","journal-title":"International Journal of Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1007\/s11071-017-3976-1","article-title":"Sensor fault estimation for fractional-order descriptor one-sided Lipschitz systems","volume":"91","author":"Jmal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nonlinear Dynamics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1080\/00207179.2017.1305512","article-title":"Sampled-data chain-observer design for a class of delayed nonlinear systems","volume":"91","author":"Kahelras","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2024.111664","article-title":"Sampled-data observer design for linear kuramoto\u2013Sivashinsky systems with non-local output","volume":"165","author":"Karafyllis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysconle.2020.104760","article-title":"A note on sampled-data observers","volume":"144","author":"Karafyllis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Systems & Control Letters"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2009.2024390","article-title":"From continuous-time design to sampled-data design of observers","volume":"54","author":"Karafyllis","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b12","unstructured":"Laila,\u00a0D. S., & Astolfi,\u00a0A. (2006). Sampled-data observer design for a class of nonlinear systems with applications. In Proc. 17th international symposium on mathematical theory of networks and systems (pp. 715\u2013722)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b13","series-title":"2004 IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (IEEE cat. no. 04CH37508)","first-page":"284","article-title":"YALMIP: A toolbox for modeling and optimization in MATLAB","author":"Lofberg","year":"2004"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-6670(17)36482-0","article-title":"Control reconfiguration by means of a virtual actuator","volume":"36","author":"Lunze","year":"2003","journal-title":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2006.882938","article-title":"Control reconfiguration after actuator failures using disturbance decoupling methods","volume":"51","author":"Lunze","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2015.10.016","article-title":"Predictor-based sampled-data exponential stabilization through continuous\u2013discrete observers","volume":"63","author":"Mazenc","year":"2016","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b17","first-page":"3326","article-title":"State and fault estimations for discrete-time TS fuzzy systems with sensor and actuator faults","volume":"68","author":"Mu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3166\/ejc.10.252-263","article-title":"Observer design for continuous-discrete time state affine systems up to output injection","volume":"10","author":"Nadri","year":"2004","journal-title":"European Journal of Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b19","series-title":"Fault-tolerant control systems: Design and practical applications","author":"Noura","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b20","series-title":"2008 American control conference","first-page":"5254","article-title":"Observer with sample-and-hold updating for Lipschitz nonlinear systems with nonuniformly sampled measurements","author":"Raff","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2011.01.048","article-title":"Reconfigurable control of piecewise affine systems with actuator and sensor faults: stability and tracking","volume":"47","author":"Richter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/rnc.3888","article-title":"Fault tolerant control of uncertain dynamical systems using interval virtual actuators","volume":"28","author":"Rotondo","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprocont.2013.12.016","article-title":"A virtual actuator and sensor approach for fault tolerant control of LPV systems","volume":"24","author":"Rotondo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Process Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcontrol.2015.03.006","article-title":"A virtual actuator approach for the fault tolerant control of unstable linear systems subject to actuator saturation and fault isolation delay","volume":"39","author":"Rotondo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annual Reviews in Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2023.3340341","article-title":"Virtual actuator and sensor fault tolerant consensus for homogeneous linear multi-agent systems","volume":"71","author":"Rotondo","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems. I. Regular Papers"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1080\/10556789908805766","article-title":"Using SeDuMi 1.02, a MATLAB toolbox for optimization over symmetric cones","volume":"11","author":"Sturm","year":"1999","journal-title":"Optimization Methods & Software"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1002\/acs.2469","article-title":"Actuator fault estimation observer design for discrete-time linear parameter-varying descriptor systems","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5316","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2020.3015887","article-title":"Fault-tolerant control based on virtual actuator and sensor for discrete-time descriptor systems","volume":"67","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems. I. Regular Papers"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2971","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2021.3098341","article-title":"Observer-based fault reconstruction and fault-tolerant control for nonlinear systems subject to simultaneous actuator and sensor faults","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems"}],"container-title":["Automatica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005109826001305?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005109826001305?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:01:37Z","timestamp":1777381297000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005109826001305"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S0005109826001305"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-1098"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-1098","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A virtual actuator and sensor approach for fault tolerant control of a class of sampled-data control systems","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Automatica","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.automatica.2026.112946","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112946"}}