{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T05:21:59Z","timestamp":1774329719154,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Blockchain: Research and Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,29]],"date-time":"2022-05-29T09:52:30Z","timestamp":1653817950000},"page":"100092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Blockchain-based COVID vaccination registration and monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4492-7935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirajus Salekin","family":"Nabil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9879-7075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Sabbir","family":"Alam Pran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8527-0282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Abrar","family":"Al Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narayan Ranjan","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4476-8882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Jabed Morshed","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8361-4870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Sadek","family":"Ferdous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95730","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3093633","article-title":"Blockchain and AI-based solutions to combat coronavirus (COVID-19)-like epidemics: a survey","volume":"9","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib2","series-title":"Global report: Bangladesh hospital owner accused of faking thousands of COVID -19 test results","author":"Sullivan","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib3","author":"Tipu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib4","author":"Saad"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib5","series-title":"Frontier Computing","first-page":"1776","article-title":"Personal health record in FHIR format based on blockchain architecture","author":"Kung","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib6","series-title":"2016 2nd International Conference on Open and Big Data (OBD); 22\u201324 Aug 2016; Vienna, Austria","first-page":"1","article-title":"A\u00a0case study for blockchain in healthcare: \u201cmedrec\u201d prototype for electronic health records and medical research data","author":"Ekblaw","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib7","series-title":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom); 11\u201313 Dec 2019; Sydney, Australia","first-page":"411","article-title":"Trust modeling for blockchain-based wearable data market","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib8","series-title":"2021 IEEE 18th International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Smart Systems (MASS); 4\u20137 Oct 2021; Denver, CO, USA","first-page":"269","article-title":"Blockchain meets COVID-19: a framework for contact information sharing and risk notification system","author":"Song","year":"2021"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjinnov-2021-000661","article-title":"The way forward after COVID-19 vaccination: vaccine passports with blockchain to protect personal privacy","volume":"7","author":"Tsoi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Innovat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib10","article-title":"Blockchain technology for a safe and transparent COVID-19 vaccination","author":"Rotbi","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1109\/OJEMB.2020.2999214","article-title":"COVID-19 antibody test\/vaccination certification: there\u2019s an app for that","volume":"1","author":"Eisenstadt","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Open J. Eng. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib14","article-title":"DHP framework: digital health passports using blockchain\u2014use case on international tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic","author":"Angelopoulos","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3915","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3025953","article-title":"Beeptrace: blockchain-enabled privacy-preserving contact tracing for COVID-19 pandemic and beyond","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib16","series-title":"Intelligent Computing","first-page":"108","author":"Chaudhari","year":"2021"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib17","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optimizing the implementation of COVID-19 \u201cimmunity certificates\u201d using blockchain","volume":"44","author":"Bansal","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Med. Syst."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10040198","article-title":"Blockchain and artificial intelligence technology for novel coronavirus disease 2019 self-testing","volume":"10","author":"Mashamba-Thompson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1086\/589716","article-title":"Prioritization of influenza pandemic vaccination to minimize years of life lost","volume":"198","author":"Miller","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"6532","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abe6959","article-title":"Model-informed COVID-19 vaccine prioritization strategies by age and serostatus","volume":"371","author":"Bubar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2020.110059","article-title":"Applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic: a review","volume":"139","author":"Lalmuanawma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chaos, Solit. Fractals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib22","article-title":"The trade- off between prioritization and vaccination speed depends on mitigation measures","author":"Agarwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tech. rep., National Bureau of Economic Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01334-5","article-title":"Modeling vaccination rollouts, SARS-CoV-2 variants and the requirement for non-pharmaceutical interventions in Italy","volume":"27","author":"Giordano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2021.108197","article-title":"A\u00a0unified hierarchical XGboost model for classifying priorities for COVID-19 vaccination campaign","volume":"121","author":"Romeo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.18513","article-title":"Fairly prioritizing groups for access to COVID-19 vaccines","volume":"324","author":"Persad","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2025786118","article-title":"Dynamic prioritization of COVID-19 vaccines when social distancing is limited for essential workers","volume":"118","author":"Buckner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib27","article-title":"The optimal allocation of COVID-19 vaccines","author":"Babus","year":"2020","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2021.673527","article-title":"Symptom prediction and mortality risk calculation for COVID-19 using machine learning","volume":"4","author":"Jamshidi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Artif. Intel."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6919e2","article-title":"Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine pediatric vaccine ordering and administration\u2014United States","volume":"69","author":"Santoli","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167930","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2953729","article-title":"A\u00a0comparative analysis of distributed ledger technology platforms","volume":"7","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2018.10.020","article-title":"A\u00a0survey on privacy protection in blockchain system","volume":"126","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Netw. Comput. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib32","author":"Nakamoto"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib34","article-title":"Captcha based on human cognitive factor","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2013","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1969849","article-title":"A\u00a0scoping review of global vaccine certificate solutions for COVID-19","volume":"18","author":"Mithani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Vacc. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib37","article-title":"Hygiea: a secure, smart, privacy-preserving and interoperable blockchain solution for the COVID-19 pandemic","author":"Dima","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib39","author":"Diego"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib40","article-title":"SecureABC: secure antibody certificates for COVID-19","author":"Hicks","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv preprint"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.2983","article-title":"Novidchain: blockchain-based privacy-preserving platform for COVID-19 test\/vaccine certificates","volume":"52","author":"Abid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Software Pract. Ex."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092_bib48","article-title":"An intelligent blockchain-based system for safe vaccine supply and supervision","volume":"52","author":"Yong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."}],"container-title":["Blockchain: Research and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2096720922000331?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2096720922000331?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:15:56Z","timestamp":1761869756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2096720922000331"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S2096720922000331"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092","relation":{},"ISSN":["2096-7209"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2096-7209","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Blockchain-based COVID vaccination registration and monitoring","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Blockchain: Research and Applications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcra.2022.100092","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Zhejiang University Press.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100092"}}