{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T07:04:40Z","timestamp":1779865480643,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedical Signal Processing and Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T22:07:21Z","timestamp":1777932441000},"page":"110475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"PA","title":["Optimal Shrinkage-aided Airflow Decomposition Algorithm (OSADA) and cardiac oscillation recovery"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0253-3156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hau-Tieng","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2275-8192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Tolbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4855-2600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David M.","family":"Rapoport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(83)90005-1","article-title":"Cardiogenic oscillations in expired gas: origin and mechanism","volume":"52","author":"Arieli","year":"1983","journal-title":"Respiration Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0010","first-page":"311","article-title":"The effect of cardiac action upon lung gas volume","volume":"28","author":"Bosman","year":"1965","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.52.6.1672","article-title":"Relationship between stroke volume and pneumocardiogram","volume":"52","author":"Heckman","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-012-9391-8","article-title":"Pulmonary artery pulsatility is the main cause of cardiogenic oscillations","volume":"27","author":"Suarez-Sipmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Monit. Comput."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2009.04.026","article-title":"Pulmonary blood flow generates cardiogenic oscillations","volume":"167","author":"Tusman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1981.51.4.922","article-title":"Postinspiratory mixing in the lung and cardiogenic oscillations","volume":"51","author":"Arieli","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.2.859","article-title":"Mechanical output impedance of the lung determined from cardiogenic oscillations","volume":"91","author":"Bijaoui","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.3.660","article-title":"Cardiogenic oscillations on the airflow signal during continuous positive airway pressure as a marker of central apnea","volume":"116","author":"Ayappa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.10420","article-title":"Distinguishing central from obstructive hypopneas on a clinical polysomnogram","volume":"19","author":"Javaheri","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200002000-00019","article-title":"Autotriggering caused by cardiogenic oscillation during flow-triggered mechanical ventilation","volume":"28","author":"Imanaka","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2016.2636778","article-title":"Sleep apnea detection based on thoracic and abdominal movement signals of wearable piezoelectric bands","volume":"21","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-019-00269-0","article-title":"Hypoventilation patterns during bronchoscopic sedation and their clinical relevance based on capnographic and respiratory impedance analysis","volume":"34","author":"Lo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Monit. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2019.02.027","article-title":"Recycling cardiogenic artifacts in impedance pneumography","volume":"51","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Signal Process. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02442795","article-title":"Methods of filtering the heart-beat artefact from the breathing waveform of infants obtained by impedance pneumography","volume":"20","author":"Wilson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Med. Biol. Eng. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1114\/1.55","article-title":"An adaptive filter to reduce cardiogenic oscillations on esophageal pressure signals","volume":"26","author":"Schuessler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2004.09.002","article-title":"Modified thoracic impedance plethysmography to monitor sleep apnea syndromes","volume":"6","author":"Yasuda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(00)00154-7","article-title":"Breathing pattern in humans: diversity and individuality","volume":"122","author":"Benchetrit","year":"2000","journal-title":"Respir. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Electrophysiology, T.F.o.t.E.S.o.C.t.N.A.S.o.P.: \u2018Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use\u2019, Circulation, 1996, 93, (5), pp. 1043-1065.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.1043"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acha.2024.101698","article-title":"Data-driven optimal shrinkage of singular values under high-dimensional noise with separable covariance structure","volume":"74","author":"Su","year":"2025","journal-title":"Applied and computational harmonic analysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5094","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2021.3108678","article-title":"Decomposing non-stationary signals with time-varying wave-shape functions","volume":"69","author":"Colominas","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Signal Process."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3002","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2014.2311661","article-title":"Optshrink: An algorithm for improved low-rank signal matrix denoising by optimal, data-driven singular value shrinkage","volume":"60","author":"Nadakuditi","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmva.2012.04.019","article-title":"The singular values and vectors of low rank perturbations of large rectangular random matrices","volume":"111","author":"Benaych-Georges","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Multivar. Anal."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.2.8049832","article-title":"Flow limitation as a noninvasive assessment of residual upper-airway resistance during continuous positive airway pressure therapy of obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"150","author":"Condos","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.1774","article-title":"Relative prolongation of inspiratory time predicts high versus low resistance categorization of hypopneas","volume":"8","author":"Mooney","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.06.017","article-title":"Airflow shape is associated with the pharyngeal structure causing OSA","volume":"152","author":"Genta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.90408.2008","article-title":"Role of respiratory control mechanisms in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep disorders","volume":"105","author":"Younes","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acha.2012.08.008","article-title":"Instantaneous frequency and wave shape functions (I)","volume":"35","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3934\/fods.2021009","article-title":"Wave-shape oscillatory model for nonstationary periodic time series analysis","volume":"3","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Found. Data Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1957.1057413","article-title":"Locally stationary random processes","volume":"3","author":"Silverman","year":"1957","journal-title":"IRE Trans. Inf. Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csda.2021.107384","article-title":"Airflow recovery from thoracic and abdominal movements using synchrosqueezing transform and locally stationary Gaussian process regression","volume":"174","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Stat. Data Anal."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.16f26.x","article-title":"Tidal breath analysis for infant pulmonary function testing. ERS\/ATS task force on standards for infant respiratory function testing. European respiratory society\/American thoracic society","volume":"16","author":"Bates","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1006\/cbmr.1998.1493","article-title":"Comparative investigations of algorithms for the detection of breaths in newborns with disturbed respiratory signals","volume":"31","author":"Schmidt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Comput. Biomed. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acha.2010.08.002","article-title":"Synchrosqueezed wavelet transforms: An empirical mode decomposition-like tool","volume":"30","author":"Daubechies","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60214a047","article-title":"Smoothing and differentiation of data by simplified least squares procedures","volume":"36","author":"Savitzky","year":"1964","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/32\/3\/005","article-title":"A method for suppressing cardiogenic oscillations in impedance pneumography","volume":"32, (3)","author":"Sepp\u00e4","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol. Meas."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.1774","article-title":"Relative prolongation of inspiratory time predicts high versus low resistance categorization of hypopneas","volume":"8","author":"Mooney","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsw005","article-title":"Estimation of pharyngeal collapsibility during sleep by peak inspiratory airflow","volume":"40","author":"Azarbarzin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202011-4055OC","article-title":"Endotyping sleep apnea one breath at a time: an automated approach for separating obstructive from central sleep-disordered breathing","volume":"204","author":"Parekh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202301-0109OC","article-title":"Ventilatory burden as a measure of obstructive sleep apnea severity is predictive of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality","volume":"208","author":"Parekh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2023.11.031","article-title":"Increased flow limitation during sleep is associated with increased psychomotor vigilance task lapses in individuals with suspected OSA","volume":"165","author":"Staykov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0205","first-page":"1346","article-title":"Multivariate locally weighted least squares regression","author":"Ruppert","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. Stat."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9892.1994.tb00216.x","article-title":"Determining the number of terms in a trigonometric regression","volume":"15","author":"Kavalieris","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Time Ser. Anal."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2008.09.008","article-title":"Understanding sleep-disordered breathing through mathematical modelling","volume":"13","author":"Aittokallio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2021.3121170","article-title":"Modeling patient-specific desaturation patterns in sleep apnea","volume":"69","author":"Guerrero","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Buades, B. Coll, J.M. Morel, \u2018A non-local algorithm for image denoising\u2019, in Editor (Ed.)^(Eds.): \u2018Book A non-local algorithm for image denoising\u2019 (Ieee, edn.), pp. 60-65.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.38"},{"issue":"547","key":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2023.2229486","article-title":"Frequency detection and change point estimation for time series of complex oscillation","volume":"119","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."}],"container-title":["Biomedical Signal Processing and Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1746809426010293?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1746809426010293?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T06:30:36Z","timestamp":1779863436000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1746809426010293"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S1746809426010293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-8094"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1746-8094","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Optimal Shrinkage-aided Airflow Decomposition Algorithm (OSADA) and cardiac oscillation recovery","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biomedical Signal Processing and Control","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bspc.2026.110475","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110475"}}