{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T04:51:34Z","timestamp":1777956694164,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFB4300503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB4300503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2682025CX185"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2682025CX185"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2026NSFSC1320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026NSFSC1320"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72501229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72501229"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013804","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computers & Industrial Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T23:36:57Z","timestamp":1771198617000},"page":"111906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Coordinated planning of autonomous rail rapid transit trains with flexible coupling operations and demand-responsive high-speed rail shuttle buses with same-platform transfers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"216","author":[{"given":"Yinfei","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6218-0084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7440-0571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingxiao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.3390\/en17133149","article-title":"Enhancing electric shuttle bus efficiency: a case study on timetabling and scheduling optimization","volume":"17","author":"Alamatsaz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energies"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.3390\/su8060537","article-title":"Optimization of an improved intermodal transit model equipped with feeder bus and railway systems using metaheuristics approaches","volume":"8","author":"Almasi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2025.105071","article-title":"Integrated optimization of demand-oriented timetabling and rolling stock circulation planning with flexible train compositions and multiple service routes on urban rail lines","volume":"174","author":"Bao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2019.03.018","article-title":"Autonomous shuttle bus service timetabling and vehicle scheduling using skip-stop tactic","volume":"102","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198119846462","article-title":"Feeder bus timetable design and vehicle size setting in peak hour demand conditions","volume":"2673","author":"Dou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transportation Research Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2019.09.022","article-title":"Parallel shuttle bus service design for planned mass rapid transit shutdown: The Singapore experience","volume":"108","author":"Dou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geits.2024.100161","article-title":"Autonomous-rail rapid transit tram: System architecture, design and applications","volume":"3","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2023.07.031","article-title":"Integrating train service route design with passenger flow allocation for an urban rail transit line","volume":"313","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.122825","article-title":"Bus routing fine-tuning for integrated network-based demand and bus bridging for a disrupted railway system","volume":"242","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0050","unstructured":"General Office of the State Council of China. (2018). Opinions on further strengthening the planning and management of urban rail transit construction (Guobanfa [2018] No. 52). State Council Gazette of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/content\/2018-07\/13\/content_5305936.htm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2024.109980","article-title":"Integrated scheduling of metro trains and shuttle buses with passenger flow control strategy on an oversaturated metro line","volume":"189","author":"Geng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2024.104756","article-title":"Integrated optimization of train timetabling and rolling stock circulation problem with flexible short-turning and energy-saving strategies","volume":"166","author":"Gong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"issue":"23\u201324","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2016.06.040","article-title":"Train timetabling for an urban rail transit line using a Lagrangian relaxation approach","volume":"40","author":"Hassannayebi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Applied Mathematical Modelling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2025.111314","article-title":"Train timetable synchronization optimization for subway\u2013suburban rail transfer systems: a double-level discretization approach","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2013.08.214","article-title":"A service-based method to generate shuttle bus timetable in accordance with rail transit timetable","volume":"96","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2021.05.011","article-title":"First train timetabling and bus service bridging in intermodal bus-and-train transit networks","volume":"149","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part B: Methodol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0080","article-title":"Integrated optimization of urban rail transit line planning, timetabling and rolling stock scheduling","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One1"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14531","DOI":"10.3390\/su142114531","article-title":"Brake instability dynamic model and active control strategy for a multiunit articulated rubber-wheel autonomous rail rapid transit system","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2024.109999","article-title":"Demand-adapted train timetabling with coupling-decoupling operations on a bidirectional intercity railway line","volume":"189","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23043","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2022.3194553","article-title":"A lightweight lidar-camera sensing method of obstacles detection and classification for autonomous rail rapid transit","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2016.01.012","article-title":"Optimization of airport bus timetable in cultivation period considering passenger dynamic airport choice under conditions of uncertainty","volume":"67","author":"Lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jairtraman.2023.102459","article-title":"Improving the performance of airport shuttle through demand-responsive service with dynamic fare strategy considering mixed demand","volume":"112","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Air Transport Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.A2200285","article-title":"Recent advances in traction drive technology for rail transit","volume":"24","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1177\/03611981221093323","article-title":"Rolling stock allocation and timetabling for urban rail transit network with multiple depots","volume":"2676","author":"Pu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transportation Research Record"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0120","article-title":"Optimization of bridging bus timetable and vehicle scheduling under URT disruption","volume":"149","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Transport. Eng. Part A: Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4248","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-08215-y","article-title":"Technical feasibility analysis and introduction strategy of the virtually coupled train set concept","volume":"12","author":"Stickel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/02723638.2022.2148501","article-title":"Planning and developing a high-speed railway new town under state entrepreneurialism in China","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urban Geography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2024.06.021","article-title":"Real-time train timetabling with virtual coupling operations on a Y-type metro line","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2024.110217","article-title":"Transport capacity analysis for sharing-corridor metro lines under virtual coupling","volume":"192","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21507","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3055855","article-title":"Integrating passenger incentives to optimize routing for demand-responsive customized bus systems","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2018.10.006","article-title":"Passenger demand oriented train scheduling and rolling stock circulation planning for an urban rail transit line","volume":"118","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part B: Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2023.104098","article-title":"Integrated optimization of bus bridging service design and passenger assignment in response to urban rail transit disruptions","volume":"150","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z. and Su, B., 2022. Integrated train timetable and rolling stock circulation plan scheduling with the virtual coupling technology for a Y-shaped metro line. In 2022 IEEE 25th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), 1764\u20131769.","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC55140.2022.9921810"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2022.103657","article-title":"Joint optimization of timetabling, vehicle scheduling, and ride-matching in a flexible multi-type shuttle bus system","volume":"139","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2018.12.023","article-title":"Commuting behavior and congestion satisfaction: Evidence from Beijing, China","volume":"67","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part DTrans. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2015.10.007","article-title":"Optimal timetable development for community shuttle network with metro stations","volume":"60","author":"Xiong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_bib231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-022-07057-0","article-title":"Train timetabling with passenger data and heterogeneous rolling stocks circulation on urban rail transit line","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soft Computing"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1111\/mice.12300","article-title":"Integrated train timetabling and rolling stock scheduling model based on time\u2010dependent demand for urban rail transit","volume":"32","author":"Yue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2024.103450","article-title":"Optimising modular-autonomous-vehicle transit service employing coupling\u2013decoupling operations plus skip-stop strategy","volume":"184","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part E: Logist. Transport. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106501","article-title":"Integrated optimization for feeder bus timetabling and procurement scheme with consideration of environmental impact","volume":"145","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, K., Wang, Y., Ding, M., Li, S., Quaglietta, E. and Meng, L., 2022, October. Train scheduling with flexible coupling and decoupling at stations for an urban rail transit line. In 2022 IEEE 25th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) (pp. 1876-1881). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC55140.2022.9921832"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2021.103170","article-title":"An integrated approach of train scheduling and rolling stock circulation with skip-stopping pattern for urban rail transit lines","volume":"128","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0205","article-title":"A Lagrangian relaxation-based approach for integrated optimization of line planning and additional trains scheduling","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Computers and Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2022.103708","article-title":"Joint optimization of train scheduling and rolling stock circulation planning with passenger flow control on tidal overcrowded metro lines","volume":"140","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2022.06.007","article-title":"Joint optimization of train timetabling and rolling stock circulation planning: A novel flexible train composition mode","volume":"162","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transport. Res. Part B: Methodol."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13059","DOI":"10.3390\/su132313059","article-title":"Integrated optimization of line planning, timetabling and rolling stock allocation for urban railway lines","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906_b0230","article-title":"Demand-driven integrated train timetabling and rolling stock scheduling on urban rail transit line","volume":"20","author":"Zhuo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transport. A: Trans. Sci."}],"container-title":["Computers & Industrial Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360835226001075?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360835226001075?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:33:31Z","timestamp":1777952011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0360835226001075"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0360835226001075"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906","relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-8352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-8352","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Coordinated planning of autonomous rail rapid transit trains with flexible coupling operations and demand-responsive high-speed rail shuttle buses with same-platform transfers","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computers & Industrial Engineering","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111906","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111906"}}