{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T21:03:03Z","timestamp":1782594183386,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computers &amp; Industrial Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T16:17:39Z","timestamp":1774628259000},"page":"111999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A demand response-based energy optimization charging scheduling strategy for incentive compatibility between electric vehicles and microgrids"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"216","author":[{"given":"Ling-Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1383-4998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao-Dong","family":"Pi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0809-9431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming K.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2702-3590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Lang","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2025.110093","article-title":"Load frequency control based on reinforcement learning for microgrids under false data attacks","volume":"123","author":"Abouzeid","year":"2025","journal-title":"Computers & Electrical Engineering"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4673","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2023.3273209","article-title":"Game Theory based optimal pricing strategy for V2G participating in demand response","volume":"59","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2023.122479","article-title":"Study on multi-type flexible load control method of active distribution network based on dynamic time-sharing electricity price","volume":"357","author":"Cui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2023.120717","article-title":"Microgrid system energy management with demand response program for clean and economical operation","volume":"334","author":"Dey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.123435","article-title":"Energy management of a microgrid considering nonlinear losses in batteries through Deep Reinforcement Learning","volume":"368","author":"Dominguez-Barbero","year":"2024","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etran.2024.100314","article-title":"Urban-scale energy matching optimization with smart EV charging and V2G in a net-zero energy city powered by wind and solar energy","volume":"20","author":"Fachrizal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Etransportation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2024.122210","article-title":"Robust economic dispatch for industrial microgrids with electric vehicle demand response","volume":"240","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Renewable Energy"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16682","DOI":"10.3390\/su152416682","article-title":"Robust optimal scheduling of microgrid with electric vehicles based on Stackelberg game","volume":"15","author":"Hao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2024.109275","article-title":"A multi-objective energy scheduling of the reconfigurable off-grid microgrid with electric vehicles using demand response program","volume":"117","author":"Harsh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computers & Electrical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2023.127243","article-title":"Time-of-Use tariff rates estimation for optimal demand-side management using electric vehicles","volume":"273","author":"Kaur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2023.120737","article-title":"Robust multi-objective optimization for the Iranian electricity market considering green hydrogen and analyzing the performance of different demand response programs","volume":"334","author":"Khalili","year":"2023","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2024.105836","article-title":"Unraveling the effect of electricity price on electric vehicle charging behavior: A case study in Shenzhen, China","volume":"115","author":"Kuang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sustainable Cities and Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.124853","article-title":"Microgrid energy management system with degradation cost and carbon trading mechanism: A multi-objective artificial hummingbird algorithm","volume":"378","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2023.111087","article-title":"Active distribution network operational optimization problem: A multi-objective tuna swarm optimization model","volume":"150","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2023.121670","article-title":"Hierarchical optimal scheduling method for regional integrated energy systems considering electricity-hydrogen shared energy","volume":"349","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.35833\/MPCE.2020.000460","article-title":"Electric vehicle charging management based on deep reinforcement learning","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2321","DOI":"10.1109\/TSTE.2021.3090463","article-title":"Coordinating flexible demand response and renewable uncertainties for scheduling of community integrated energy systems with an electric vehicle charging station: A Bi-level approach","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5140","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3056341","article-title":"Towards federated learning in UAV-enabled internet of vehicles: a multi-dimensional contract-matching approach","volume":"22","author":"Lim","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2023.121440","article-title":"A three-layer game theoretic-based strategy for optimal scheduling of microgrids by leveraging a dynamic demand response program designer to unlock the potential of smart buildings and electric vehicle fleets","volume":"347","author":"Mansouri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.1049\/gtd2.13232","article-title":"Revolutionizing photovoltaic consumption and electric vehicle charging: A novel approach for residential distribution systems","volume":"18","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2023.129913","article-title":"A Bi-level optimization strategy for electric vehicle retailers based on robust pricing and hybrid demand response","volume":"289","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.140902","article-title":"Eco-environmental scheduling of multi-energy communities in local electricity and natural gas markets considering carbon taxes: A decentralized bi-level strategy","volume":"440","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3091","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-53688-8","article-title":"Optimizing dynamic economic dispatch through an enhanced Cheetah-inspired algorithm for integrated renewable energy and demand-side management","volume":"14","author":"Nagarajan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"61","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2023.03.003","article-title":"Two-stage stochastic-based scheduling of multi- energy microgrids with electric and hydrogen vehicles charging stations, considering transactions through pool market and bilateral contracts","volume":"48","author":"Nasir","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2020.3025116","article-title":"Partial computation offloading and adaptive task scheduling for 5G-enabled vehicular networks","volume":"21","author":"Ning","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2023.109766","article-title":"Optimal scheduling of electric vehicle ordered charging and discharging based on improved gravitational search and particle swarm optimization algorithm","volume":"157","author":"Pan","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2024.3391211","article-title":"Frequency support from electric vehicles for advancing renewable energy integration","volume":"40","author":"Pandit","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4958","DOI":"10.1049\/gtd2.13008","article-title":"Network-constrained unit commitment-based virtual power plant model in the day-ahead market according to energy management strategy","volume":"17","author":"Pirouzi","year":"2023","journal-title":"IET Generation Transmission & Distribution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2022.126545","article-title":"Electric vehicle fast charging station design by considering probabilistic model of renewable energy source and demand response","volume":"267","author":"Shafiei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Energy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2023.3279415","article-title":"Incentive compatible pricing for enhancing the controllability of price-based demand response","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2023.121897","article-title":"The role of smart communities integrated with renewable energy resources, smart homes and electric vehicles in providing ancillary services: A tri-stage optimization mechanism","volume":"351","author":"Tong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2024.133907","article-title":"A novel energy management framework for retired battery-integrated microgrid with peak shaving and frequency regulation","volume":"313","author":"Wan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.123471","article-title":"Prioritized sum-tree experience replay TD3 DRL-based online energy management of a residential microgrid","volume":"368","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3694","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2024.3353750","article-title":"Enhancing distribution system restoration with coordination of repair crew, electric vehicle, and renewable energy","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ieee Transactions on Smart Grid"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2023.3242715","article-title":"Graph Learning-based voltage regulation in distribution networks with multi-microgrids","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Power Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams, J., Alizadeh, R., Allen, J.K. and Mistree, F., 2020. Using network partitioning to design a green supply chain, Design Automation Conference; ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences; Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, pp. V11BT11A050.","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2020-22644"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4322","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2023.3250722","article-title":"Multi-objective optimization of integrated energy systems considering renewable energy uncertainty and electric vehicles","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0190","first-page":"36","article-title":"Multi-agent collaborative low-carbon economic dispatch in integrated energy system considering electric vehicles","volume":"48","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Automation of Electric Power Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2024.3461320","article-title":"Community microgrid energy co-scheduling based on deep reinforcement learning and contribution mechanisms","volume":"16","author":"Xiong","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2024.133120","article-title":"Multiple energy planning in the energy hub considering renewable sources, electric vehicles and management in the daily electricity market with wind multi-objective optimization algorithm","volume":"309","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2024.121890","article-title":"Electric vehicles, load response, and renewable energy synergy: A new stochastic model for innovation strategies in green energy systems","volume":"238","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Renewable Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2024.133849","article-title":"RETRACTION: Energy management programming to reduce distribution network operating costs in the presence of electric vehicles and renewable energy sources","volume":"313","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etran.2023.100262","article-title":"Charging and discharging optimization strategy for electric vehicles considering elasticity demand response","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Etransportation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3012","DOI":"10.1109\/TTE.2023.3296964","article-title":"Research on the orderly charging and discharging mechanism of electric vehicles considering travel characteristics and carbon quota","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2023.126938","article-title":"Optimal economic programming of an energy hub in the power system while taking into account the uncertainty of renewable resources, risk-taking and electric vehicles using a developed routing method","volume":"271","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2021.118018","article-title":"Multi-objective load dispatch for microgrid with electric vehicles using modified gravitational search and particle swarm optimization algorithm","volume":"306","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2022.118715","article-title":"A new power system active rescheduling method considering the dispatchable plug-in electric vehicles and intermittent renewable energies","volume":"314","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Applied Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2024.07.054","article-title":"Analysis of charging tariffs for residential electric vehicle users based on Stackelberg game","volume":"12","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy Reports"}],"container-title":["Computers &amp; Industrial Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360835226002007?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360835226002007?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:37:37Z","timestamp":1777952257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0360835226002007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0360835226002007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999","relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-8352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-8352","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A demand response-based energy optimization charging scheduling strategy for incentive compatibility between electric vehicles and microgrids","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computers & Industrial Engineering","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2026.111999","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111999"}}