{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T07:06:36Z","timestamp":1779519996214,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016942","name":"Ohio Department of Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016942","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computers & Industrial Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T16:26:42Z","timestamp":1776443202000},"page":"112027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Sustainable and smart urban air mobility: A semi-desirable hub location and sizing approach for vertiport planning"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"217","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0356-4907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Zare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9128-2167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Levent","family":"Eriskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6287-3216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mumtaz","family":"Karatas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b1","series-title":"Your driving costs: How much does it really cost to own and operate a new vehicle?","author":"American Automobile Association","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1214\/18-AAP1428","article-title":"Exponential utility maximization under model uncertainty for unbounded endowments","volume":"29","author":"Bartl","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Annals of Applied Probability"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9312","DOI":"10.3390\/su14159312","article-title":"Social sustainable urban air mobility in Europe","volume":"14","author":"Biehle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(97)00251-8","article-title":"A bicriteria model for locating a semi-desirable facility in the plane","volume":"106","author":"Brimberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b5","first-page":"59","article-title":"On locating a semi-desirable facility on the continuous plane","volume":"5","author":"Brimberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"International Transactions in Operational Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.33.8.955","article-title":"A class of utility functions containing all the common utility functions","volume":"33","author":"Brockett","year":"1987","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2011.04.005","article-title":"A multi-product risk-averse newsvendor with exponential utility function","volume":"214","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6074","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2021.3082767","article-title":"Urban air mobility: History, ecosystem, market potential, and challenges","volume":"22","author":"Cohen","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b9","series-title":"Location science","first-page":"327","article-title":"Hub location problems","author":"Contreras","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2012.05.037","article-title":"A bi-objective modeling approach applied to an urban semi-desirable facility location problem","volume":"223","author":"Coutinho-Rodrigues","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.10.005","article-title":"A bi-objective model for the location of landfills for municipal solid waste","volume":"235","author":"Eiselt","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2022.12.089","article-title":"A semi-desirable location and sizing model for hydrogen fuel storage areas: A case study for Istanbul","volume":"48","author":"Eriskin","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-8349(96)00011-3","article-title":"Efficient algorithms for the uncapacitated single allocation p-hub median problem","volume":"4","author":"Ernst","year":"1996","journal-title":"Location Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2013.01.012","article-title":"Hub location problems: A review of models, classification, solution techniques, and applications","volume":"64","author":"Farahani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2014.10.005","article-title":"A multi-objective bi-level location planning problem for stone industrial parks","volume":"56","author":"Gang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2017.04.044","article-title":"A particle swarm optimization method for semi-obnoxious line location problem with rectilinear norm","volume":"109","author":"Golpayegani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b17","series-title":"2024 International conference on decision aid sciences and applications","first-page":"1","article-title":"A maximal covering approach for vertiport location problem","author":"Hess","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2012.06.039","article-title":"Location of a semi-obnoxious facility with elliptic maximin and network minisum objectives","volume":"223","author":"Heydari","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b19","series-title":"Uber elevate: Fast-forwarding to a future of on-demand urban air transportation","author":"Holden","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b20","series-title":"INRIX 2024 global traffic scorecard: Employees & consumers returned to downtowns, traffic delays & costs grew","author":"INRIX","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b21","series-title":"See inside the evtols that could revolutionize urban commuting","author":"Insider","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b22","series-title":"An approximation algorithm for multi allocation hub location problems","author":"Jost","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.59543\/kadsa.v1i.13519","article-title":"Machine learning-based investigation of stress in carbon fiber rotating cylinders","volume":"1","author":"Kayiran","year":"2025","journal-title":"Knowledge and Decision Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-218X(01)00346-8","article-title":"Discrete location problems with push\u2013pull objectives","volume":"123","author":"Krarup","year":"2002","journal-title":"Discrete Applied Mathematics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1070.0385","article-title":"Relative entropy, exponential utility, and robust dynamic pricing","volume":"55","author":"Lim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b26","article-title":"An integrated vertiport placement model considering vehicle sizing and queuing: A case study in London","volume":"113","author":"Macias","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Air Transport Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-022-04945-4","article-title":"A multi-objective optimization model for a multi-period mobile facility location problem with environmental and disruption considerations","volume":"346","author":"Maliki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b28","series-title":"2024 International conference on decision aid sciences and applications","first-page":"1","article-title":"Designing skyport networks: A hub location approach for urban air mobility","author":"Mandava","year":"2024"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-8352(00)00022-X","article-title":"Bicriteria location of a semi-obnoxious facility","volume":"37","author":"Melachrinoudis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b30","series-title":"AIAA AVIATION 2022 forum","first-page":"4073","article-title":"Advanced air mobility vertiport considerations: A list and overview","author":"Mendonca","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.59543\/ijsdg.v1i.14279","article-title":"Advancing aviation safety and sustainable infrastructure: High-accuracy detection and classification of foreign object debris using deep learning models","volume":"1","author":"Mushtaq","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Sustainable Development Goals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b32","series-title":"Urban air mobility (UAM) market study","author":"NASA","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jatrs.2025.100073","article-title":"Hub location problems: A meta review and ten disruptive research challenges","volume":"4","author":"O\u2019Kelly","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of the Air Transport Research Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10589-014-9709-1","article-title":"On heuristic bi-criterion methods for semi-obnoxious facility location","volume":"61","author":"Ortigosa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computational Optimization and Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b35","unstructured":"Patterson, M. (2021). Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): Overview and integration considerations. In Virginia aviation conference."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b36","first-page":"1","article-title":"A robust optimization model for semi-desirable facilities location with the consideration of greenhouse gas emissions","author":"Pirbalouti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Process Integration and Optimization for Sustainability"},{"issue":"16\u201317","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dam.2013.05.010","article-title":"Locating a semi-obnoxious covering facility with repelling polygonal regions","volume":"161","author":"Plastria","year":"2013","journal-title":"Discrete Applied Mathematics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b38","series-title":"Proceedings on the international conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"1","article-title":"Improved multi-objective PSO for semi-desirable facility location problem","author":"Qi","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b39","article-title":"Decoding the vertiport: Planning for urban air mobility","author":"Rohrmeier","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Planning Literature"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3390\/drones6070179","article-title":"Urban air mobility: Systematic review of scientific publications and regulations for vertiport design and operations","volume":"6","author":"Schweiger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drones"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2021.105611","article-title":"Skyport location problem for urban air mobility system","volume":"138","author":"Shin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(02)00271-0","article-title":"The bicriterion semi-obnoxious location (BSL) problem solved by an \u03f5-approximation","volume":"146","author":"Skriver","year":"2003","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.05.014","article-title":"Locating multiple capacitated semi-obnoxious facilities using evolutionary strategies","volume":"133","author":"Teran-Somohano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.3390\/drones7060396","article-title":"Quantifying visual pollution from urban air mobility","volume":"7","author":"Thomas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drones"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.59543\/kadsa.v1i.13931","article-title":"A cooperative heterogeneous multi-agent system leveraging deep reinforcement learning","volume":"1","author":"Ullah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Knowledge and Decision Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b46","series-title":"68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN","author":"United Nations","year":"2018"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.3390\/infrastructures9120239","article-title":"Vertiport infrastructure location optimization for equitable access to urban air mobility","volume":"9","author":"Volakakis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infrastructures"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b48","article-title":"A literature review on hub location-routing models and their solution techniques","author":"Wandelt","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2023.102902","article-title":"A review of urban air mobility-enabled intelligent transportation systems: Mechanisms, applications and challenges","volume":"141","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Systems Architecture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jngse.2015.10.012","article-title":"Exponential utility functions aid upstream decision making","volume":"27","author":"Wood","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2005.11.020","article-title":"Solving the semi-desirable facility location problem using bi-objective particle swarm","volume":"177","author":"Yapicioglu","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b52","first-page":"1","article-title":"An assessment of public perception of urban air mobility (UAM)","author":"Yedavalli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Airbus UTM: Defining Future Skies"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2021.1070","article-title":"Hub location, routing, and route dimensioning: Strategic and tactical intermodal transportation hub network design","volume":"55","author":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transportation Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1109\/TCNS.2023.3262192","article-title":"Vertiport selection in hybrid air\u2013Ground transportation networks via mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints","volume":"10","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b55","series-title":"Intelligent and fuzzy systems","first-page":"588","article-title":"A semi-desirable hub location problem formulation for vertiports","author":"Zare","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027_b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.142988","article-title":"Strategic integration of vertiport planning in multimodal transportation for urban air mobility: A case study in Beijing, China","volume":"467","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"}],"container-title":["Computers & Industrial Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360835226002287?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0360835226002287?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T06:53:31Z","timestamp":1779519211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0360835226002287"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0360835226002287"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-8352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-8352","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sustainable and smart urban air mobility: A semi-desirable hub location and sizing approach for vertiport planning","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computers & Industrial Engineering","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2026.112027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112027"}}