{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T12:21:35Z","timestamp":1783167695513,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52005067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52005067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012669","name":"Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No.CSTB2024NSCQ-LZX0027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.CSTB2024NSCQ-LZX0027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004867","name":"Chongqing University of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004867","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012459","name":"Chongqing Graduate Student Research Innovation Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012459","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007957","name":"Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T15:08:15Z","timestamp":1779808095000},"page":"110215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"P1","title":["Research on the operational and dynamic characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motors for electric vehicles considering nonlinear factors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Shuaishuai","family":"Ge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongfang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6101","DOI":"10.1007\/s11071-024-09327-y","article-title":"Electromechanical coupling dynamic characteristics of electric drive system for electric vehicle","volume":"112","author":"Ge","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nonlinear Dyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0002","first-page":"2090","article-title":"Electromechanical coupling dynamics of dual-motor electric drive system of hybrid electric vehicles","volume":"239","author":"Ge","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc Inst Mech Eng J Automob Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0003","article-title":"Temperature field analysis and cooling structure optimization of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Therm Sci Eng Prog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17091936","article-title":"Study on the performance of a high-speed motor, considering the effect of temperature on the properties of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0005","series-title":"2023 international symposium on electromobility ISEM","first-page":"1","article-title":"A method to compute the irreversible demagnetization temperature in permanent magnets","author":"Aguilar-Zamorate","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.21595\/jve.2022.22766","article-title":"Analysis of electromechanical coupling characteristics of electrics vehicle electric drive system considering current harmonic excitation","volume":"25","author":"Ge","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vibroengineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6452","DOI":"10.3390\/en16186452","article-title":"Analysis of vibration and noise in a permanent magnet synchronous motor based on temperature-dependent characteristics of permanent magnet","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Energies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0008","series-title":"2023 IEEE vehicle power and propulsion conference VPPC","first-page":"1","article-title":"An accurate MTPA control for IPMSM considering variations of motor parameters and temperatures","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0009","series-title":"2016 IEEE energy conversion congress and exposition ECCE","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analysis of temperature effects on performance of interior permanent magnet machines","author":"Li","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4923","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2017.2700473","article-title":"Analysis of temperature effects on performance of interior permanent magnet machines for high variable temperature applications","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ind Appl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1109\/TTE.2017.2679212","article-title":"Modeling of interior permanent magnet machine considering saturation, cross coupling, spatial harmonics, and temperature effects","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Transp Electrif"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0012","series-title":"2022 IEEE international power and renewable energy conference IPRECON","first-page":"1","article-title":"Influence of high temperature on electromagnetic and mechanical performances of high-speed permanent magnet machines","author":"Tameemi","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0013","series-title":"2021 IEEE international conference on advances in electrical engineering and computer applications AEECA","first-page":"761","article-title":"The study of permanent magnet demagnetization in permanent magnet synchronous motor","author":"Qi","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2017.2760800","article-title":"The role of temperature-dependent material properties in optimizing the design of permanent magnet motors","volume":"54","author":"Ghorbanian","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Magn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0015","series-title":"2018 IEEE student conference on electric machines and systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"Impacts of permanent magnet synchronous machine under different rotor temperature","author":"Gao","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0016","series-title":"2020 international conference on electrical machines ICEM","first-page":"2452","article-title":"Research and analysis on design characteristics of high temperature and high- speed permanent magnet motor","author":"Chu","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0017","series-title":"2023 IEEE 18th conference on industrial electronics and applications ICIEA","first-page":"315","article-title":"Temperature analysis of the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor","author":"Liu","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0018","series-title":"2022 25th international conference on electrical machines and systems ICEMS","first-page":"1","article-title":"Calculation of loss and temperature rise of high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor","author":"Ji","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0019","series-title":"2023 IEEE international conference on applied superconductivity and electromagnetic devices ASEMD","first-page":"1","article-title":"Iron loss analysis of permanent magnet motor in high-temperature and high-pressure environment based on structure-activity relationship between materials and environment","author":"Xiao","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0020","first-page":"1","article-title":"Influence of output voltage harmonic of inverter on loss and temperature field of permanent magnet synchronous motor","volume":"55","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Magn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17081928","article-title":"Performance study of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor with amorphous alloy considering temperature effect","volume":"17","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0022","series-title":"2023 IEEE 6th student conference on electric machines and systems SCEMS","first-page":"1","article-title":"Online estimation of transient temperature of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on LPTN","author":"Zhou","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3901\/JME.2023.24.209","article-title":"Rotor temperature online estimation of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicle","volume":"59","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Mech Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/JMMCT.2022.3229963","article-title":"Electromagnetic-thermal modeling of nonlinear magnetic materials","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE J Multiscale Multiphysics Comput Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2020.3004227","article-title":"Nonlinear analytical solution of magnetic field and performances of a spoke array Vernier permanent magnet machine","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Energy Convers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1109\/JMMCT.2025.3579349","article-title":"Numerical homogenization for nonlinear multiscale analysis of electropermanent magnet composites","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE J Multiscale Multiphysics Comput Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0027","article-title":"Temperature field analysis and cooling structure optimization of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Therm Sci Eng Prog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0028","series-title":"2023 26th international conference on electrical machines and systems ICEMS","first-page":"1455","article-title":"Thermal analysis of a high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor","author":"Zhao","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1109\/TTE.2024.3421293","article-title":"Heat dissipation characteristics and experimental research of aviation oil cooling motor based on spiral insulation flow channel structure in slot","volume":"11","author":"Bao","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Transp Electrif"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2024.125051","article-title":"Design and optimization of the jet cooling structure for permanent magnet synchronous motor","volume":"260","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl Therm Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6634","DOI":"10.1109\/TTE.2023.3334253","article-title":"Rapid prediction of magnetic and temperature field based on hybrid subdomain method and finite difference method for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Transp Electrif"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0032","first-page":"68","article-title":"Permanent magnet motor temperature compensated constant torque control","volume":"51","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"IFAC-Pap"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5603","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2013.2245920","article-title":"Current minimizing torque control of the IPMSM using Ferrari\u2019s method","volume":"28","author":"Jung","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Power Electron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.3390\/machines10090739","article-title":"Integrated impacts of non-ideal factors on the vibration characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motors for electric vehicles","volume":"10","author":"Ge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Machines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2022.3151351","article-title":"Current measurement offset error compensation in vector-controlled SPMSM drive systems","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE J Emerg Sel Top Power Electron"}],"container-title":["Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1007570426005721?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1007570426005721?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T12:08:16Z","timestamp":1783166896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1007570426005721"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S1007570426005721"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215","relation":{},"ISSN":["1007-5704"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1007-5704","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Research on the operational and dynamic characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motors for electric vehicles considering nonlinear factors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110215","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110215"}}