{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:03:13Z","timestamp":1784678593390,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T15:58:54Z","timestamp":1781798334000},"page":"110420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"P3","title":["Fixed-time synchronization of quaternion-valued memristive neural networks via saturated pinning control"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"162","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2866-6742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li-Min","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Xin","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2019.112875","article-title":"Comparing of deep neural networks and extreme learning machines based on growing and pruning approach","volume":"140","author":"Akyol","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(01)00017-X","article-title":"Neural networks for improved target differentiation and localization with sonar","volume":"14","author":"Ayrulu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1109\/81.964422","article-title":"Global stability conditions for delayed CNNs","volume":"48","author":"Cao","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Circuits Syst I Reg Pap"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1109\/TITB.2005.855545","article-title":"A new detection algorithm (NDA) based on fuzzy cellular neural networks for white blood cell detection","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0005","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Autonomous Robots and Agents","first-page":"13","article-title":"A new scheme for color night vision by quaternion neural network","author":"Kusamichi","year":"2004"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26901","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-018-5893-9","article-title":"Human action recognition based on quaternion spatial-temporal convolutional neural network and LSTM in RGB videos","volume":"77","author":"Meng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Multimed Tools Appl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2010.02.027","article-title":"Thermal condition monitoring system using log-polar mapping, quaternion correlation and max-product fuzzy neural network classification","volume":"74","author":"Wong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1017\/S0263574720001071","article-title":"Modeling of inverse kinematic of 3-dof robot, using unit quaternions and artificial neural network","volume":"39","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Robotica"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1109\/TCT.1971.1083337","article-title":"Memristor-the missing circuit element","volume":"18","author":"Chua","year":"1971","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Circuit Theory"},{"issue":"7191","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/453042a","article-title":"The fourth element","volume":"453","author":"Tour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7191","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06932","article-title":"The missing memristor found","volume":"453","author":"Strukov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2020.105292","article-title":"Event-triggered passivity of multi-weighted coupled delayed reaction-diffusion memristive neural networks with fixed and switching topologies","volume":"89","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2017.01.006","article-title":"Global dissipativity analysis for delayed quaternion-valued neural networks","volume":"89","author":"Tua","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0014","article-title":"Multistability and global attractivity for fractional-order spiking neural networks","volume":"508","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Appl Math Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2020.12.021","article-title":"Exponential stability analysis for discrete-time quaternion-valued neural networks with leakage delay and discrete time-varying delays","volume":"430","author":"You","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2013.09.012","article-title":"Exponential synchronization of discontinuous chaotic systems via delayed impulsive control and its application to secure communication","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.55.030193.002025","article-title":"Synchronization of cortical activity and its putative role in information processing and learning","volume":"55","author":"Singer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218127492000562","article-title":"Transmission of digital signals by chaotic synchronization","volume":"2","author":"Parlitz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Bifurcation Chaos"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6637","DOI":"10.1007\/s11063-023-11152-0","article-title":"The exponential synchronization and asymptotic synchronization of quaternion-valued memristor-based cohen-grossberg neural networks with time-varying delays","volume":"55","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Process Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2019.07.043","article-title":"Finite-time projective synchronization of fractional-order complex-valued memristor-based neural networks with delay","volume":"128","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chaos Solitons Fract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0021","article-title":"Quasi-projective synchronization of fractional-order quaternion fuzzy cellular neural networks with applications to image encryption","volume":"72","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Appl Math Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0022","article-title":"New criteria of finite time synchronization of fractional-order quaternion-valued neural networks with time delay","volume":"436","author":"Shang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl Math Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfranklin.2023.07.044","article-title":"Fixed-time synchronization of delayed BAM neural networks via new fixed-time stability results and non-chattering quantized controls","volume":"360","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Franklin I"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2019.05.041","article-title":"Fixed-time synchronization control of memristive MAM neural networks with mixed delays and application in chaotic secure communication","volume":"126","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chaos Solitons Fract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2019.01.014","article-title":"Fixed-time synchronization of quaternion-valued memristive neural networks with time delays","volume":"113","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2024.107865","article-title":"Fixed-time synchronization of quaternion-valued neural networks with impulsive effects: a non-decomposition method","volume":"132","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-019-04654-3","article-title":"Fixed-time synchronization of competitive neural networks with proportional delays and impulsive effect","volume":"32","author":"Aouiti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/mma.9670","article-title":"Synchronization control of quaternion-valued inertial memristor-based neural networks via adaptive method","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0029","first-page":"2411","article-title":"Quasi-projective synchronization analysis for delayed stochastic quaternion-valued neural networks via state-feedback control strategy","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Appl Anal Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2014.03.009","article-title":"Exponential synchronization of delayed memristor-based chaotic neural networks via periodically intermittent control","volume":"55","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3325","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2022.3176013","article-title":"Event-triggered quantized quasisynchronization of uncertain quaternion-valued chaotic neural networks with time-varying delay for image encryption","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matcom.2025.01.010","article-title":"Fixed\/predefined time synchronization of fractional quaternion delayed neural networks with disturbances","volume":"232","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Math Comput Simulat"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfranklin.2025.107926","article-title":"Sliding mode synchronization control of delayed quaternion-valued neural networks and its application","volume":"362","author":"Bi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Franklin Inst"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2022.3189625","article-title":"Fixed-time pinning common synchronization and adaptive synchronization for delayed quaternion-valued neural networks","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2018.12.070","article-title":"Aperiodic intermittent pinning control for exponential synchronization of memristive neural networks with time-varying delays","volume":"332","author":"Cai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2882","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2020.2977934","article-title":"Fixed\/preassigned-time synchronization of complex networks via improving fixed-time stability","volume":"51","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2025.129565","article-title":"Saturation function-based fixed\/predefined-time synchronization of impulsive quaternion-valued neural networks","volume":"626","author":"You","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2023.10.008","article-title":"Saturation function-based continuous control on fixed-time synchronization of competitive neural networks","volume":"169","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3795(95)00543-9","article-title":"Quaternions and matrices of quaternions","author":"Zhang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Linear Algebra Appl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0040","series-title":"Differential equations with discontinuous righthand sides: control systems","author":"Filippov","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0041","series-title":"Optimization and nonsmooth analysis","author":"Clarke","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2019.121351","article-title":"Fixed-time synchronization of quaternion-valued neural networks","volume":"527","author":"Deng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physica A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2022.106581","article-title":"Synchronization in fixed\/preassigned-time of delayed fully quaternion-valued memristive neural networks via non-separation method","volume":"113","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2023.05.045","article-title":"Fixed-time synchronization for quaternion-valued memristor-based neural networks with mixed delays","volume":"165","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4430","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2020.3026996","article-title":"Fixed-time synchronization of complex dynamical networks: a novel and economical mechanism","volume":"52","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE T Cybern"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2022.08.011","article-title":"Fixed-\/preassigned-time stabilization of delayed memristive neural networks","volume":"610","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inform Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2021.12.012","article-title":"Finite-time synchronization of quaternion-valued neural networks with delays: A switching control method without decomposition","volume":"148","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5460","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2022.3179130","article-title":"Settling-time estimation for finite-time stabilization of fractional-order quaternion-valued fuzzy NNs","volume":"30","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0049","series-title":"Inequalities","author":"Hardy","year":"1988"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4371(02)00772-0","article-title":"Pinning control of scale-free dynamical networks","volume":"310","author":"Wang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2025.130537","article-title":"Finite-time synchronization of delayed quaternion-valued neural networks by non-decomposition and improved two-step methods","volume":"647","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2024.108301","article-title":"Event-triggered-based fixed\/preassigned-time synchronization control of second-order neural networks with distributed delays","volume":"139","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3379","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2025.3556103","article-title":"Fixed\/prescribed-time synchronization and energy consumption for kuramoto-oscillator networks","volume":"55","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE T Cybern"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0057","first-page":"697","article-title":"Pth moment exponential synchronization for delayed multi-agent systems with L\u00e9vy noise and Markov switching","volume":"71","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE T Circuits II"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2025.109603","article-title":"Synchronization of discrete-time tempered fractional-order fuzzy competitive neural networks with uncertain parameters and time-varying delays","volume":"155","author":"Su","year":"2026","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"}],"container-title":["Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1007570426007744?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1007570426007744?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T23:33:07Z","timestamp":1784676787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1007570426007744"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S1007570426007744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420","relation":{},"ISSN":["1007-5704"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1007-5704","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fixed-time synchronization of quaternion-valued memristive neural networks via saturated pinning control","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cnsns.2026.110420","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110420"}}