{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T09:15:44Z","timestamp":1783070144416,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82274216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82274216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20250601015RC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20250601015RC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computational Biology and Chemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:11:15Z","timestamp":1777587075000},"page":"109104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"P1","title":["Multi-level characterization of Wutou decoction highlights its role in gut microbiota and intestinal barrier regulation in rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Yongxi","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wentao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongchun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhan","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiulu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7075-5319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zifeng","family":"Pi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2012.0034","article-title":"Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus regulate inflammatory pathway and improve antioxidant status in collagen-induced arthritic rats","volume":"33","author":"Amdekar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Interferon Cytokine Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.609644","article-title":"Prevotella histicola protects from arthritis by expansion of Allobaculum and augmenting butyrate production in humanized mice","volume":"12","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0504-5","article-title":"Healthspan and lifespan extension by fecal microbiota transplantation into progeroid mice","volume":"25","author":"B\u00e1rcena","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.10.870","article-title":"Interleukin 17 synergises with tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 to induce cartilage destruction in vitro","volume":"61","author":"van Bezooijen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G125","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00261.2020","article-title":"Production of hydrogen sulfide by the intestinal microbiota and epithelial cells and consequences for the colonic and rectal mucosa","volume":"320","author":"Blachier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202048876","article-title":"Crossing the barriers: revisiting the gut feeling in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"51","author":"Brandl","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12091224","article-title":"IL-22-activated MUC13 impacts on colonic barrier function through JAK1\/STAT3, SNAI1\/ZEB1 and ROCK2\/MAPK signaling","volume":"12","author":"Breugelmans","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2021.101463","article-title":"Interleukin-22 regulates B3GNT7 expression to induce fucosylation of glycoproteins in intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"298","author":"Carroll","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21850","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78935-6","article-title":"Betaine inhibits Toll-like receptor 4 responses and restores intestinal microbiota in acute liver failure mice","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad283","article-title":"2\u2032-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde alleviates intestinal inflammation by attenuating intestinal mucosal barrier damage via directly inhibiting STAT3","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450122666210412141304","article-title":"The gut microbiota and traditional Chinese medicine: a new clinical frontier on cancer","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/909514","article-title":"Lactobacillus acidophilus suppresses colitis-associated activation of the IL-23\/Th17 axis","volume":"2015","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-05065-4","article-title":"Semaphorin 5A suppresses ferroptosis through activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114172","article-title":"A comprehensive strategy to clarify the pharmacodynamic constituents and mechanism of Wu-tou decoction based on the constituents migrating to blood and their in vivo process under pathological state","volume":"275","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2022.123249","article-title":"Combined 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics to investigate the protective effects of Wu-tou decoction on rheumatoid arthritis in rats","volume":"1199","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.201900678","article-title":"A wide-targeted urinary and serum metabolomics strategy reveals the effective substance of the Wu-tou","volume":"43","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"decoction. J. Sep. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210000","article-title":"Dysbiosis and zonulin upregulation alter gut epithelial and vascular barriers in patients with ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"76","author":"Ciccia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.02873-0","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a human intestinal mucin-degrading bacterium","volume":"54","author":"Derrien","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40657","article-title":"Microbiota-dependent involvement of Th17 cells in murine models of inflammatory arthritis","volume":"70","author":"Evans-Marin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheuma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Everard, A., Belzer, C., Geurts, L., Ouwerkerk, J.P., Druart, C., Bindels, L.B., et al., 2013. Cross-talk between Akkermansia muciniphila and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110(22):9066\u20139071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1219451110.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1219451110"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.02.024","article-title":"Gut microbiota, a new frontier to understand traditional Chinese medicines","volume":"142","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00230","article-title":"Wu-Tou Decoction in rheumatoid arthritis: integrating network pharmacology and in vivo pharmacological evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Pharm."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154090","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota is influenced by gender and body mass index","volume":"11","author":"Haro","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2017.2011","article-title":"Wu-Tou Decoction inhibits angiogenesis in experimental arthritis by targeting VEGFR2 signaling pathway","volume":"21","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rejuvenation Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9607328","article-title":"Prevotella induces the production of Th17 cells in the colon of mice","volume":"2020","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-024-00632-w","article-title":"Desulfovibrio vulgaris caused gut inflammation and aggravated DSS-induced colitis in C57BL\/6 mice model","volume":"16","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut Pathog."},{"issue":"7612","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18644","article-title":"Glial-cell-derived neuroregulators control type 3 innate lymphoid cells and gut defence","volume":"535","author":"Ibiza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052719","article-title":"The role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) in autoimmune disease and current TNF-\u03b1 inhibitors in therapeutics","volume":"22","author":"Jang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.104552","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of chronic heart failure through traditional Chinese medicine: role of the gut microbiota","volume":"151","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-022-00934-6","article-title":"A high-fiber diet synergizes with Prevotella copri and exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213511","article-title":"Maresin 1 improves the Treg\/Th17 imbalance in rheumatoid arthritis through miR-21","volume":"77","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202101371R","article-title":"Colonic interleukin-22 protects intestinal mucosal barrier and microbiota abundance in severe acute pancreatitis","volume":"36","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2015.39.4.291","article-title":"Probiotics as complementary treatment for metabolic disorders","volume":"39","author":"Le Barz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib34","article-title":"High-throughput chinmedomics strategy discovers the quality markers and mechanisms of Wutou decoction therapeutic for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharm."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad007","article-title":"Ruxolitinib alleviates inflammation, apoptosis, and intestinal barrier leakage in ulcerative colitis via STAT3","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1009.2013.00110","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine network pharmacology: theory, methodology and application","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin. J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.166837","article-title":"Chronic cold environment regulates rheumatoid arthritis through modulation of gut microbiota-derived bile acids","volume":"903","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1478","article-title":"The role of T cell interleukin-17 in conducting destructive arthritis: lessons from animal models","volume":"7","author":"Lubberts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104658","article-title":"Exploring and characterizing a novel combination of paeoniflorin and talatizidine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"153","author":"Mao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2021.04.013","article-title":"Intestinal barrier dysfunction plays an integral role in arthritis pathology and can be targeted to ameliorate disease","volume":"2","author":"Matei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2014.0225","article-title":"STAT3-activating cytokines: a therapeutic opportunity for inflammatory bowel disease?","volume":"35","author":"Nguyen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Interferon Cytokine Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.12.004","article-title":"Th17 and regulatory T cell balance in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases","volume":"13","author":"Noack","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2017.3990","article-title":"Lactobacillus acidophilus improves intestinal inflammation in an acute colitis mouse model by regulation of Th17 and Treg cell balance and fibrosis development","volume":"21","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2014.01.044","article-title":"Metabonomic study of Wu-tou decoction in adjuvant-induced arthritis rat using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry","volume":"953","author":"Qi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1111911","article-title":"Excessive consumption of mucin by over-colonized Akkermansia muciniphila promotes intestinal barrier damage during malignant intestinal environment","volume":"14","author":"Qu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1092118","article-title":"Gut-joint axis: gut dysbiosis can contribute to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis via multiple pathways","volume":"13","author":"Romero-Figueroa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.03.080","article-title":"NLRP6 protects IL-10-\/- mice from colitis by limiting colonization of Akkermansia muciniphila","volume":"19","author":"Seregin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18002","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.2","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Smolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2008.07.038","article-title":"Lactobacillus casei potentiates induction of oral tolerance in experimental arthritis","volume":"46","author":"So","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13020251","article-title":"Baicalin decreases the LPS-induced intestine inflammatory responses by ROS\/p-ERK\/p-P38 signal pathways in vivo and in vitro","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15831-7","article-title":"Targeting zonulin and intestinal epithelial barrier function to prevent onset of arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Tajik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2512","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.4.2512","article-title":"Gliadin stimulation of murine macrophage inflammatory gene expression and intestinal permeability are MyD88-dependent: role of the innate immune response in celiac disease","volume":"176","author":"Thomas","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"wraf084","DOI":"10.1093\/ismejo\/wraf084","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila exacerbates acute radiation-induced intestinal injury by depleting mucin and enhancing inflammation","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-022-01242-x","article-title":"Diversity and distribution of sulfur metabolic genes in the human gut microbiome and their association with colorectal cancer","volume":"10","author":"Wolf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.113925","article-title":"Atractylodes oil alleviates diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by regulating intestinal inflammation and intestinal barrier via SCF\/c-kit and MLCK\/MLC2 pathways","volume":"272","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.1039\/C5MB00454C","article-title":"A study on the effective substance of the Wu-tou formula based on the metabonomic method using UPLC-Q-TOF-HDMS","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. BioSyst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib57","article-title":"The bridge of the gut-joint axis: gut microbial metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-024-00878-1","article-title":"Regulation of polysaccharide in Wu-tou decoction on intestinal microflora and pharmacokinetics of small molecular compounds in AIA rats","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, D., Marchiando, A.M., Weber, C.R., Raleigh, D.R., Wang, Y.M., Shen, L., Turner, J.R., 2010. MLCK-dependent exchange and actin binding region-dependent anchoring of ZO-1 regulate tight junction barrier function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(18):8237\u20138241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0908869107.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0908869107"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-021-00585-3","article-title":"The gut-joint axis in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"Zaiss","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheuma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2022.2037506","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila plays critical roles in host health","volume":"49","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17030297","article-title":"An inulin-type fructan CP-A from Codonopsis pilosula alleviated 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis via the ERK\/MLCK\/MLC2 pathway and regulation of gut microbiota","volume":"17","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"}],"container-title":["Computational Biology and Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S147692712600229X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S147692712600229X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T08:21:52Z","timestamp":1783066912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S147692712600229X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":62,"alternative-id":["S147692712600229X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-9271"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-9271","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Multi-level characterization of Wutou decoction highlights its role in gut microbiota and intestinal barrier regulation in rheumatoid arthritis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computational Biology and Chemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2026.109104","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109104"}}