{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T17:09:58Z","timestamp":1780506598976,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003655","name":"National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014364","name":"Samsung Science & Technology Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014364","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computers in Biology and Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T19:32:38Z","timestamp":1779737558000},"page":"111767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Computational investigation of intermittent pneumatic compression operating parameters and tissue mechanics in lower-limb venous hemodynamics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"212","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2151-8146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youngjae","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8533-7870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang Min","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiwon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Soon","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0358-4972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e126","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.20.e126","article-title":"Investigation of chronic venous insufficiency: a consensus statement","volume":"102","author":"Nicolaides","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2004.05.015","article-title":"The epidemiology of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins","volume":"15","author":"Beebe-Dimmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006898","article-title":"Chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"130","author":"Eberhardt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0020","first-page":"538","article-title":"Chronic venous insufficiency\u2013a review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"15","author":"Santler","year":"2017","journal-title":"JDDG"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0025","first-page":"439","article-title":"Deep venous thrombosis","volume":"2004","author":"L\u00f3pez","year":"2004","journal-title":"ASH Education Program Book"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4157","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab495","article-title":"Chronic venous insufficiency, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: a population study","volume":"42","author":"Prochaska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-35552010005000007","article-title":"Relationship between quality of life and the CEAP clinical classification in chronic venous disease","volume":"14","author":"Moura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Braz. J. Phys. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0040","series-title":"Chronic Venous Diseases of the Leg","author":"Laing","year":"1992"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.13091","article-title":"Compression therapy in patients with venous leg ulcers","volume":"14","author":"Dissemond","year":"2016","journal-title":"JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2404","article-title":"Prevention of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis: American college of chest physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines","volume":"141","author":"Falck-Ytter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2297","article-title":"Prevention of VTE in nonorthopedic surgical patients: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis: American college of chest physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines","volume":"141","author":"Gould","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/S1078-5884(97)80015-9","article-title":"The influence of dressings on venous ulcer healing\u2014a randomised trial","volume":"13","author":"Stacey","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg."},{"issue":"7610","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39216.542442.BE","article-title":"Long term results of compression therapy alone versus compression plus surgery in chronic venous ulceration (ESCHAR): randomised controlled trial","volume":"335","author":"Gohel","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2003.104","article-title":"Effect of elastic compression stockings on venous hemodynamics during walking","volume":"37","author":"Ibegbuna","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2003.103","article-title":"A systematic review of pneumatic compression for treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and venous ulcers","volume":"37","author":"Berliner","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200003000-00020","article-title":"Pneumatic compression hemodynamics in total HIP arthroplasty","volume":"372","author":"Westrich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12292","article-title":"Adaptive compression therapy for venous leg ulcers: a clinically effective, patient-centred approach","volume":"13","author":"Harding","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1053\/ejvs.2001.1348","article-title":"Intermittent pneumatic compression devices\u2013physiological mechanisms of action","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1080\/03091900601015147","article-title":"Intermittent pneumatic compression\u2014systems and applications","volume":"32","author":"Morris","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Med. Eng. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.09.043","article-title":"Effectiveness of intermittent pneumatic compression devices for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in high-risk surgical patients: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Pavon","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02875771","article-title":"A three-dimensional biomechanical model for numerical simulation of dynamic pressure functional performances of graduated compression stocking (GCS)","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fibers Polym."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4000967","article-title":"Mixed experimental and numerical approach for characterizing the biomechanical response of the human leg under elastic compression","volume":"132","author":"Avril","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01302.2007","article-title":"Effects of elastic compression stockings on wall shear stress in deep and superficial veins of the calf","volume":"294","author":"Downie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-014-1121-6","article-title":"Prediction of the biomechanical effects of compression therapy on deep veins using finite element modelling","volume":"43","author":"Rohan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3138342","article-title":"Bioengineering studies of periodic external compression as prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis\u2014Part I: Numerical studies","volume":"104","author":"Kamm","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2008.2005964","article-title":"A validated model of calf compression and deep vessel collapse during external cuff inflation","volume":"56","author":"Narracott","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2013.0047","article-title":"The hydromechanics of edema fluid in lymphedematous lower limb during intermittent pneumatic compression","volume":"13","author":"Kaczmarek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lymphat. Res. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0140","series-title":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","first-page":"279","article-title":"A reduced-order model-based study on the effect of intermittent pneumatic compression of limbs on the cardiovascular system","volume":"vol. 230","author":"Maffiodo","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2022.111264","article-title":"Multiple blood flow surges during intermittent pneumatic compression: the origins and their implications","volume":"143","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s00211-011-0387-y","article-title":"Modeling dimensionally-heterogeneous problems: analysis, approximation and applications","volume":"119","author":"Blanco","year":"2011","journal-title":"Numer. Math."},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-7825(01)00302-4","article-title":"On the coupling of 3D and 1D Navier\u2013Stokes equations for flow problems in compliant vessels","volume":"191","author":"Formaggia","year":"2001","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2025.10.008","article-title":"A review on computational assessment of biomedical markers in carotid arteries","volume":"1155","author":"Moghadasi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-41312-0","article-title":"A comprehensive mathematical model for cardiac perfusion","volume":"13","author":"Zingaro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-024-01873-z","article-title":"Modeling cardiac microcirculation for the simulation of coronary flow and 3D myocardial perfusion","volume":"23","author":"Montino Pelagi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0175","first-page":"1","article-title":"Efficient multi-fidelity fluid\u2013structure interaction modeling for pulsatile blood flow in deformable biological tissues","author":"Lee","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-5564(73)90027-8","article-title":"On the one-dimensional theory of blood flow in the larger vessels","volume":"18","author":"Hughes","year":"1973","journal-title":"Math. Biosci."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-7825(00)00203-6","article-title":"A generalized-\u03b1 method for integrating the filtered Navier\u2013Stokes equations with a stabilized finite element method","volume":"190","author":"Jansen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng."},{"issue":"78","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4118","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.04118","article-title":"svFSI: a multiphysics package for integrated cardiac modeling","volume":"7","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Open Source Softw."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.05.001","article-title":"3D slicer as an image computing platform for the quantitative imaging network","volume":"30","author":"Fedorov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-016-1762-8","article-title":"SimVascular: an open source pipeline for cardiovascular simulation","volume":"45","author":"Updegrove","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0205","series-title":"ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 Talks","first-page":"1","article-title":"Meshmixer: an interface for rapid mesh composition","author":"Schmidt","year":"2010"},{"issue":"250","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0210","first-page":"1","article-title":"Body composition data for individuals 8 years of age and older: US population, 1999\u20132004","author":"Borrud","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vital and health statistics. Series 11, Data from the national health survey"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/10255842.2011.560666","article-title":"Identification of the material parameters of soft tissues in the compressed leg","volume":"15","author":"Dubuis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Biomech. Biomed. Engin."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.10.001","article-title":"Density and hydration of fresh and fixed human skeletal muscle","volume":"38","author":"Ward","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0225","series-title":"Basic Physiology for Anaesthetists","author":"Chambers","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2002.121564","article-title":"Reproducibility of ultrasound scan in the assessment of volume flow in the veins of the lower extremities","volume":"35","author":"Ogawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0235","series-title":"StatPearls","article-title":"Physiology, blood volume","author":"Sharma","year":"2025"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.3.5.483","article-title":"Blood volume of representative portions of the musculoskeletal system in man","volume":"3","author":"KARPELES","year":"1955","journal-title":"Circ. Res."}],"container-title":["Computers in Biology and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010482526003318?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010482526003318?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T16:45:00Z","timestamp":1780505100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0010482526003318"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0010482526003318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-4825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-4825","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Computational investigation of intermittent pneumatic compression operating parameters and tissue mechanics in lower-limb venous hemodynamics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computers in Biology and Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2026.111767","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111767"}}