{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T22:45:54Z","timestamp":1774392354574,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Dutch Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["427899833"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["427899833"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computers & Chemical Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T20:33:18Z","timestamp":1772483598000},"page":"109615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Reproducibility of GPU-based Large Eddy Simulations for mixing in stirred tank reactors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"210","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6943-2077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan","family":"Rautenbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8266-2121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9ctor Maldonado","family":"de Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1236-4330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pieter","family":"Brorens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schl\u00fcter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0310-1045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cees","family":"Haringa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1145\/3389360","article-title":"Algorithms for efficient reproducible floating point summation","volume":"46","author":"Ahrens","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Math. Software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2021.116676","article-title":"Application of hybrid RANS-LES models to the prediction of mixing time and residence time distribution: Case study of a draft tube reactor","volume":"240","author":"Brown","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2010.12.007","article-title":"CFD prediction of fluid flow and mixing in stirred tanks: Numerical issues about the RANS simulations","volume":"35","author":"Coroneo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comput. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b4","series-title":"Delftblue supercomputer (Phase 2)","author":"Delft High Performance Computing Centre (DHPC)","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b5","series-title":"Proceedings - Symposium on Computer Arithmetic","first-page":"163","article-title":"Fast reproducible floating-point summation","author":"Demmel","year":"2013"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1205\/cherd06192","article-title":"Vortex identification methodology for feed insertion guidance in fluid mixing processes","volume":"85","author":"Ducci","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Res. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b7","article-title":"Novel evaluation method to determine the local mixing time distribution in stirred tank reactors","volume":"10","author":"Fitschen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Sci.: X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1145\/103162.103163","article-title":"What every computer scientist should know about floating-point arithmetic","volume":"23","author":"Goldberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cherd.2018.06.005","article-title":"Inter-compartment interaction in multi-impeller mixing: Part I. Experiments and multiple reference frame CFD","volume":"136","author":"Haringa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Res. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cherd.2018.06.007","article-title":"Inter-compartment interaction in multi-impeller mixing. Part II. Experiments, sliding mesh and large Eddy simulations","volume":"136","author":"Haringa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Res. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b11","series-title":"CUDA pro tip: Flush denormals with confidence","author":"Harris","year":"2013"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3696","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.10997","article-title":"Mixing times in a turbulent stirred tank by means of LES","volume":"52","author":"Hartmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIChE J."},{"issue":"493","key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b13","first-page":"35","article-title":"The mathematics of floating-point arithmetic","author":"Higham","year":"2021","journal-title":"LMS Newsl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceja.2025.100744","article-title":"Lagrangian sensor particles for detecting hydrodynamic heterogeneities in industrial bioreactors: Experimental analysis and Lattice-Boltzmann simulations","volume":"22","author":"Hofmann","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b15","series-title":"Ieee standard for floating-point arithmetic","author":"IEEE","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b16","series-title":"Set the FTZ and DAZ flags","author":"Intel Corporation","year":"2025"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2509(53)80006-0","article-title":"A comparative study on the rate of mixing in stirred tanks","volume":"2","author":"Kramers","year":"1953","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1205\/02638760152721316","article-title":"Experience with experimental standards for measurements of various parameters in stirred tanks: A comparative test","volume":"79","author":"Kraume","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Res. Des."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.3390\/pr9060950","article-title":"Validation of novel Lattice Boltzmann large Eddy simulations (LB LES) for equipment characterization in biopharma","volume":"9","author":"Kuschel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b20","series-title":"Revisiting what every computer scientist should know about floating-point arithmetic","author":"Lafage","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b21","series-title":"Recommendations for Process Engineering Characterisation of Single-Use Bioreactors and Mixing Systems by Using Experimental Methods","year":"2020"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1002\/cite.201400087","article-title":"Stirring and stirred-tank reactors","volume":"86","author":"Nienow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Ing. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b23","series-title":"NVIDIA HPC Compilers User\u2019s Guide","author":"NVIDIA Corporation","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.10634","article-title":"Novel experiments and a mechanistic model for macroinstabilities in stirred tanks","volume":"52","author":"Paglianti","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIChE J."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2509(91)80150-W","article-title":"Fluid mechanics and blending in agitated tanks","volume":"46","author":"Ranade","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2509(03)00097-6","article-title":"Low frequency macroinstabilities in a stirred tank: scale-up and prediction based on large Eddy simulations","volume":"58","author":"Roussinova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2514\/1.34862","article-title":"Growth of rounding errors and repetitivity of large-Eddy simulations","author":"Senoner","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIAA J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2377(06)31003-4","article-title":"The details of turbulent mixing process and their simulation","volume":"31","author":"Van den Akker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Chem. Eng."}],"container-title":["Computers & Chemical Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0098135426000682?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0098135426000682?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T21:33:50Z","timestamp":1774388030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0098135426000682"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["S0098135426000682"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615","relation":{},"ISSN":["0098-1354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0098-1354","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Reproducibility of GPU-based Large Eddy Simulations for mixing in stirred tank reactors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computers & Chemical Engineering","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2026.109615","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109615"}}