{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T02:05:52Z","timestamp":1777946752022,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KGFZD-145-25-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KGFZD-145-25-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-000052-75-01-000590"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-000052-75-01-000590"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12475161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12475161"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22A20261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A20261"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computer Physics Communications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T17:04:23Z","timestamp":1774285463000},"page":"110142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["GPU-accelerated PICNIC and S-PICNIC methods for solving space charge effects in beam dynamics simulations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"324","author":[{"given":"Changwei","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2169-8068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0001","first-page":"275","article-title":"HIAF and CiADS National Research Facilities:progress and prospect","volume":"34","author":"Xiao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucl. Phys. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2016.10.055","article-title":"Physics design of the CIADS 25 MeV demo facility","volume":"843","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0003","first-page":"1401","article-title":"Commissioning of China ADS demo Linac and baseline design of CiADS project","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Conf. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevAccelBeams.26.024601","article-title":"Differentiable self-consistent space-charge simulation for accelerator design","volume":"26","author":"Qiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1063\/1.860024","article-title":"3-Dimensional particle simulation of heavy-ion fusion beams","volume":"4","author":"Friedman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phys. Fluids B-Plasma Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1088\/1674-1137\/35\/12\/014","article-title":"Study on space charge effects of the CSNS\/RCS","volume":"35","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin. Phys. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0007","first-page":"28","article-title":"Investigation of beam loss mechanism by parasitic H\u2212 in high-power proton linac","author":"Jia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0008","series-title":"Plasma Physics Via Computer Simulation","author":"Birdsall","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0009","unstructured":"D. Uriot and N. Pichoff. TraceWin. CEA saclay; Available from: https:\/\/irfu.cea.fr\/dacm\/logiciels\/codesdacm\/tracewin\/tracewin.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9002(00)00705-1","article-title":"High-resolution parallel particle-in-cell simulations of beam dynamics in the spallation neutron source linac","volume":"457","author":"Qiang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nima.2004.10.029","article-title":"Particle-in-cell code BEAMPATH for beam dynamics simulations in linear accelerators and beamlines","volume":"539","author":"Batygin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A: Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0012","series-title":"Proceedings of the XIX International Linac Conference, Chicago, IL","first-page":"23","article-title":"Simulation results with an alternate 3d space charge routine, picnic","author":"N.Pichoff","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0013","first-page":"28","article-title":"Advanced Virtual Accelerator Software: A linear accelerator simulation code","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0014","first-page":"967","article-title":"Improvement of linear accelerator numerical simulation algorithm based on symmetry principle","volume":"41","author":"Jin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nucl. Phys. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0015","first-page":"28","article-title":"Modeling of a chain of three plasma accelerator stages with the WarpX electromagnetic PIC code on GPUs","author":"Vay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys. Plasmas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2018.09.022","article-title":"GPU acceleration and performance of the particle-beam-dynamics code elegant","volume":"235","author":"King","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Phys. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2013.10.033","article-title":"GPU accelerated online multi-particle beam dynamics simulator for ion linear particle accelerators","volume":"185","author":"Pang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput. Phys. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0018","series-title":"Exascale, in 5th International Particle Accelerator Conference (NAPAC\u201922)","first-page":"302","article-title":"Next generation computational tools for the modeling and design of particle accelerators at","author":"Huebl","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0019","unstructured":"NVIDIA. CUDA C++ Programming guide Available from: https:\/\/docs.nvidia.com\/cuda\/cuda-c-programming-guide\/index.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142_bib0020","article-title":"AVASX: A GPU-accelerated high-performance beam dynamics simulation code using hybrid tracking methods for ion linear accelerators","author":"Tian","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nucl. Sci. Tech."}],"container-title":["Computer Physics Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010465526001244?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010465526001244?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T20:19:40Z","timestamp":1777753180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0010465526001244"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["S0010465526001244"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-4655"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-4655","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"GPU-accelerated PICNIC and S-PICNIC methods for solving space charge effects in beam dynamics simulations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computer Physics Communications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpc.2026.110142","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110142"}}