{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T21:52:03Z","timestamp":1782165123083,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computer Vision and Image Understanding"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T15:40:45Z","timestamp":1781970045000},"page":"104855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["IWC-DiF: Learning a generalizable NeRF by incremental weight consolidation of dictionary fields"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"270","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6085-4338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huibin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barron, Jonathan T., Mildenhall, Ben, Tancik, Matthew, Hedman, Peter, Martin-Brualla, Ricardo, Srinivasan, Pratul P., 2021. Mip-nerf: A multiscale representation for anti-aliasing neural radiance fields. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 5855\u20135864.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00580"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai, Zhipeng, M\u00fcller, Matthias, 2023. CLNeRF: Continual Learning Meets NeRF. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 23185\u201323194.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.02119"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b3","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","first-page":"19457","article-title":"Pixelsplat: 3d gaussian splats from image pairs for scalable generalizable 3d reconstruction","author":"Charatan","year":"2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dictionary fields: Learning a neural basis decomposition","volume":"42","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Anpei, Xu, Zexiang, Zhao, Fuqiang, Zhang, Xiaoshuai, Xiang, Fanbo, Yu, Jingyi, Su, Hao, 2021. Mvsnerf: Fast generalizable radiance field reconstruction from multi-view stereo. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 14124\u201314133.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01386"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b6","series-title":"European Conference on Computer Vision","first-page":"370","article-title":"Mvsplat: Efficient 3d gaussian splatting from sparse multi-view images","author":"Chen","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chibane, Julian, Bansal, Aayush, Lazova, Verica, Pons-Moll, Gerard, 2021. Stereo radiance fields (srf): Learning view synthesis for sparse views of novel scenes. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 7911\u20137920.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00782"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b8","series-title":"MEIL-NeRF: Memory-efficient incremental learning of neural radiance fields","author":"Chung","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b9","series-title":"2022 International Conference on Robotics and Automation","first-page":"2553","article-title":"Google scanned objects: A high-quality dataset of 3d scanned household items","author":"Downs","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2024.127714","article-title":"ZS-SRT: An efficient zero-shot super-resolution training method for Neural Radiance Fields","volume":"590","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heide, Felix, Heidrich, Wolfgang, Wetzstein, Gordon, 2015. Fast and flexible convolutional sparse coding. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 5135\u20135143.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7299149"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b12","series-title":"Lrm: Large reconstruction model for single image to 3d","author":"Hong","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johari, Mohammad Mahdi, Lepoittevin, Yann, Fleuret, Fran\u00e7ois, 2022a. Geonerf: Generalizing nerf with geometry priors. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 18365\u201318375.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01782"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johari, Mohammad Mahdi, Lepoittevin, Yann, Fleuret, Fran\u00e7ois, 2022b. Geonerf: Generalizing nerf with geometry priors. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 18365\u201318375.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01782"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b15","series-title":"SelfSplat: Pose-free and 3D prior-free generalizable 3D Gaussian splatting","author":"Kang","year":"2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3592433","article-title":"3D gaussian splatting for real-time radiance field rendering","volume":"42","author":"Kerbl","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3521","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1611835114","article-title":"Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networks","volume":"114","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b18","series-title":"Ggrt: Towards generalizable 3d gaussians without pose priors in real-time","first-page":"arXiv","author":"Li","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b19","series-title":"2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation","first-page":"15121","article-title":"Incremental 3D reconstruction through a hybrid explicit-and-implicit representation","author":"Li","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Zhengqi, Niklaus, Simon, Snavely, Noah, Wang, Oliver, 2021. Neural scene flow fields for space-time view synthesis of dynamic scenes. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 6498\u20136508.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00643"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Yuan, Peng, Sida, Liu, Lingjie, Wang, Qianqian, Wang, Peng, Theobalt, Christian, Zhou, Xiaowei, Wang, Wenping, 2022. Neural rays for occlusion-aware image-based rendering. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 7824\u20137833.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.00767"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, Keyang, Guan, Tao, Ju, Lili, Huang, Haipeng, Luo, Yawei, 2019. P-mvsnet: Learning patch-wise matching confidence aggregation for multi-view stereo. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 10452\u201310461.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.01055"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mairal, Julien, Bach, Francis, Ponce, Jean, Sapiro, Guillermo, 2009. Online dictionary learning for sparse coding. In: Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning. pp. 689\u2013696.","DOI":"10.1145\/1553374.1553463"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mildenhall, Ben, Srinivasan, Pratul P., Tancik, Matthew, Barron, Jonathan T., Ramamoorthi, Ravi, Ng, Ren, 2020. NeRF: Representing Scenes as Neural Radiance Fields for View Synthesis. In: European Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 405\u2013421.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58452-8_24"},{"issue":"6583","key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1038\/381607a0","article-title":"Emergence of simple-cell receptive field properties by learning a sparse code for natural images","volume":"381","author":"Olshausen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, Keunhong, Sinha, Utkarsh, Barron, Jonathan T., Bouaziz, Sofien, Goldman, Dan B, Seitz, Steven M., Martin-Brualla, Ricardo, 2021. Nerfies: Deformable neural radiance fields. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 5865\u20135874.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00581"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Po, Ryan, Dong, Zhengyang, Bergman, Alexander W., Wetzstein, Gordon, 2023. Instant Continual Learning of Neural Radiance Fields. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 3334\u20133344.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW60793.2023.00358"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reizenstein, Jeremy, Shapovalov, Roman, Henzler, Philipp, Sbordone, Luca, Labatut, Patrick, Novotny, David, 2021a. Common objects in 3d: Large-scale learning and evaluation of real-life 3d category reconstruction. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 10901\u201310911.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01072"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reizenstein, Jeremy, Shapovalov, Roman, Henzler, Philipp, Sbordone, Luca, Labatut, Patrick, Novotny, David, 2021b. Common objects in 3d: Large-scale learning and evaluation of real-life 3d category reconstruction. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF ICCV.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01072"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b30","series-title":"Efficient Implementation of The K-SVD Algorithm Using Batch Orthogonal Matching Pursuit","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Srinivasan, Pratul P., Deng, Boyang, Zhang, Xiuming, Tancik, Matthew, Mildenhall, Ben, Barron, Jonathan T., 2021. Nerv: Neural reflectance and visibility fields for relighting and view synthesis. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 7495\u20137504.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00741"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sucar, Edgar, Liu, Shikun, Ortiz, Joseph, Davison, Andrew J., 2021. iMAP: Implicit mapping and positioning in real-time. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 6229\u20136238.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00617"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trevithick, Alex, Yang, Bo, 2021. Grf: Learning a general radiance field for 3d representation and rendering. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 15182\u201315192.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01490"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b34","series-title":"Is attention all NeRF needs?","author":"Wang","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Qianqian, Wang, Zhicheng, Genova, Kyle, Srinivasan, Pratul P., Zhou, Howard, Barron, Jonathan T., Martin-Brualla, Ricardo, Snavely, Noah, Funkhouser, Thomas, 2021. Ibrnet: Learning multi-view image-based rendering. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 4690\u20134699.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00466"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b36","series-title":"A comprehensive survey of continual learning: Theory, method and application","author":"Wang","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b37","article-title":"CL-NeRF: continual learning of neural radiance fields for evolving scene representation","volume":"36","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b38","series-title":"Structured 3d latents for scalable and versatile 3d generation","author":"Xiang","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, Muyu, Zhan, Fangneng, Zhang, Jiahui, Yu, Yingchen, Zhang, Xiaoqin, Theobalt, Christian, Shao, Ling, Lu, Shijian, 2023. Wavenerf: Wavelet-based generalizable neural radiance fields. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 18195\u201318204.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.01668"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, Zike, Tian, Yuxin, Shi, Xuesong, Guo, Ping, Wang, Peng, Zha, Hongbin, 2021. Continual neural mapping: Learning an implicit scene representation from sequential observations. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 15782\u201315792.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01549"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b41","first-page":"6440","article-title":"Cf-nerf: Camera parameter free neural radiance fields with incremental learning","volume":"vol. 38","author":"Yan","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao, Yao, Luo, Zixin, Li, Shiwei, Fang, Tian, Quan, Long, 2018. Mvsnet: Depth inference for unstructured multi-view stereo. In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision. pp. 767\u2013783.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01237-3_47"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao, Yao, Luo, Zixin, Li, Shiwei, Shen, Tianwei, Fang, Tian, Quan, Long, 2019. Recurrent mvsnet for high-resolution multi-view stereo depth inference. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 5525\u20135534.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00567"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, Alex, Ye, Vickie, Tancik, Matthew, Kanazawa, Angjoo, 2021. pixelnerf: Neural radiance fields from one or few images. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 4578\u20134587.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00455"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b45","series-title":"European Conference on Computer Vision","first-page":"1","article-title":"Gs-lrm: Large reconstruction model for 3d gaussian splatting","author":"Zhang","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b46","series-title":"Transplat: Generalizable 3d gaussian splatting from sparse multi-view images with transformers","author":"Zhang","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, Zihan, Peng, Songyou, Larsson, Viktor, Xu, Weiwei, Bao, Hujun, Cui, Zhaopeng, Oswald, Martin R, Pollefeys, Marc, 2022. Nice-slam: Neural implicit scalable encoding for slam. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 12786\u201312796.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01245"}],"container-title":["Computer Vision and Image Understanding"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1077314226002225?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1077314226002225?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T21:16:38Z","timestamp":1782162998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1077314226002225"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S1077314226002225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855","relation":{},"ISSN":["1077-3142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1077-3142","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"IWC-DiF: Learning a generalizable NeRF by incremental weight consolidation of dictionary fields","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computer Vision and Image Understanding","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cviu.2026.104855","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104855"}}