{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T21:14:20Z","timestamp":1776114860551,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024A1515011172"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A1515011172"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006410","name":"Huizhou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HZU202516"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HZU202516"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006410","name":"Huizhou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022JB034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JB034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62371197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62371197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Digital Communications and Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T17:07:03Z","timestamp":1765300023000},"page":"388-395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Performance analysis of RIS-aided incremental-relaying wireless communication systems"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9030-2077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manlin","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3211-2931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1874-4983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0546-2859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saifullah","family":"Adnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8018-9103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.2400249","article-title":"On the concept of on-demand RIS-assisted 6G networks: applications and the way forward","volume":"63","author":"Ndjiongue","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1109\/MVT.2024.3503537","article-title":"Deep reinforcement learning over RIS-assisted integrated sensing and communication: challenges and opportunities","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17842","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2024.3425477","article-title":"Performance analysis of active reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided URLLC systems","volume":"73","author":"Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2024.3427010","article-title":"Physical layer security improvement for hybrid RIS-assisted MIMO communications","volume":"28","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16261","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2024.3439622","article-title":"RIS-enabled full-duplex backscatter communication in multi-user symbiotic radio","volume":"23","author":"Tu","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2024.3504839","article-title":"Large-scale RIS enabled air-ground channels: near-field modeling and analysis","volume":"24","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2024.3432455","article-title":"Phase-shift and transmit power optimization for RIS-aided massive MIMO SWIPT IoT networks","volume":"73","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6309","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2022.3233469","article-title":"A low complexity passive beamforming design for reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) in 6G networks","volume":"72","author":"Almekhlafi","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2021.3105405","article-title":"Hybrid evolutionary-based sparse channel estimation for IRS-assisted mmWave MIMO systems","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2466","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2024.3476139","article-title":"Security enhancement for RIS-aided MEC systems with deep reinforcement learning","volume":"73","author":"Fang","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2022.3145026","article-title":"Deployment optimization of reconfigurable intelligent surface for relay systems","volume":"6","author":"Bie","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Green Commun. Netw."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.012.2200292","article-title":"Cooperative hybrid networks with active relays and RISs for B5G: applications, challenges, and research directions","volume":"31","author":"Abdullah","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Wireless Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2022.3216406","article-title":"Hybrid time-switching and power-splitting EH relaying for RIS-NOMA downlink","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cognit. Commun. Netw."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6086","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2022.3186394","article-title":"On performance of low-power wide-area networks with the combining of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and relay","volume":"22","author":"Tran","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9759","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3509514","article-title":"Joint trajectory design and phase shift optimization for multi-RIS-assisted UAV relay network using deep reinforcement learning","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2022.3213368","article-title":"Reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted OFDM relaying: subcarrier matching with balanced SNR","volume":"72","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0017","first-page":"15115","article-title":"A unified framework analysis for reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided coordinated NOMA systems","volume":"72","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2023.3347294","article-title":"Security-reliability tradeoff in UAV-carried active RIS-assisted cooperative networks","volume":"28","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Lett."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4703","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2023.3266020","article-title":"Joint optimization of phase shift matrices and trajectory for AF relay-based cooperation communication with RIS-enabled UAV system","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Syst. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2023.3344643","article-title":"RIS-assisted full-duplex relaying systems with imperfect CSI and hardware impairments","volume":"28","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Lett."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2025.3546759","article-title":"Achievable rate optimization of RIS-assisted multi-antenna FD DF relay cooperation system with SWIPT technology","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Netw. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4493","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2024.3372883","article-title":"Intelligent reflecting surface assisted full-duplex relay systems: deployment design and beamforming optimization","volume":"72","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2936","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2015.2481211","article-title":"Full-duplex versus half-duplex amplify-and-forward relaying: which is more energy efficient in 60-GHz dual-hop indoor wireless systems?","volume":"33","author":"Wei","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2023.3344599","article-title":"Intelligent reflecting surfaces vs. full-duplex relays: a comparison in the air","volume":"28","author":"Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Lett."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2024.3403378","article-title":"Outage performance of multiple hybrid active relays and RISs-assisted NOMA networks","volume":"13","author":"Samy","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5150","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2022.3207034","article-title":"Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces-aided relaying in correlated rice fading: performance analysis and design optimization","volume":"73","author":"Trigui","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.002.2200047","article-title":"Reconfigurable-intelligent-surface-assisted B5G\/6G wireless communications: challenges, solution, and future opportunities","volume":"61","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2021.3129350","article-title":"Offset learning based channel estimation for intelligent reflecting surface-assisted indoor communication","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116753","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2935192","article-title":"Wireless communications through reconfigurable intelligent surfaces","volume":"7","author":"Basar","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2020.3011843","article-title":"Performance analysis of intelligent reflecting surface aided communication systems","volume":"24","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Lett."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12296","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2020.3007521","article-title":"Secrecy performance analysis of RIS-aided wireless communication systems","volume":"69","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2017.2717907","article-title":"Tighter bounds on the Gaussian Q function and its application in Nakagami- m fading channel","volume":"6","author":"Sadhwani","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0033","series-title":"Table of Integrals, Series, and Products","author":"Gradshteyn","year":"2007"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7653","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2023.3243489","article-title":"Hybrid relay and reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted multiuser MISO systems","volume":"72","author":"Kan","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2025.3533115","article-title":"Dancing with chains: spaceborne distributed multi-user detection under inter-satellite link constraints","volume":"19","author":"Ye","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process."}],"container-title":["Digital Communications and Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352864825001877?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352864825001877?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T20:06:11Z","timestamp":1776110771000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352864825001877"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S2352864825001877"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-8648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-8648","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Performance analysis of RIS-aided incremental-relaying wireless communication systems","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Digital Communications and Networks","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dcan.2025.12.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}