{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T13:18:54Z","timestamp":1771420734433,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008382","name":"Fundo Regional para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023\\u20132026 Biodiversa2021-488"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\\u20132026 Biodiversa2021-488"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008382","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101052342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101052342"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-21-CE04-0020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-21-CE04-0020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019184","name":"European Biodiversity Partnership","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101052342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101052342"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019184","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010424","name":"M\u00e9tropole Toulon-Provence-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010424","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022758","name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulon","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022758","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007175","name":"Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007175","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009149","name":"National Center of Competence in Research Quantum Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecological Informatics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T17:01:59Z","timestamp":1766422919000},"page":"103564","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Arctic diel and circadian acoustic pattern of Orcas, Fin, and Humpback whales revealed by deep learning from two months of continuous recordings"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6794-2380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justine","family":"Girardet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Glotin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Chavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Poupard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Guiderdoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Sarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7655","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-11183-y","article-title":"Temporal patterns in the soundscape of a Norwegian gateway to the Arctic","volume":"12","author":"Aniceto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.2000.tb00949.x","article-title":"Seasonal and diurnal trends of chorusing humpback whales wintering in waters off western Maui","volume":"16","author":"Au","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mar. Mam. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2211547","article-title":"Acoustic properties of humpback whale song","volume":"120","author":"Au","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.220499","article-title":"Diel patterns of fin whale 20 Hz acoustic presence in eastern Antarctic waters","volume":"10","author":"Aulich","year":"2023","journal-title":"R. Soc. Open Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3354\/meps13592","article-title":"Indication that the behavioural responses of humpback whales to killer whale sounds are influenced by trophic relationships","volume":"660","author":"Benti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13565","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-15379-0","article-title":"Temporal evolution of the Mediterranean fin whale song","volume":"12","author":"Best","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103211","article-title":"Analysing vocal complexity in relation to sociality in orcas of British Columbia: An application of long-term computational passive acoustics","volume":"90","author":"Best","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecol. Inform."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2016.0005","article-title":"Evidence for ship noise impacts on humpback whale foraging behaviour","volume":"12","author":"Blair","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.201142","article-title":"Seasonal and diel cycles of fin whale acoustic occurrence near Elephant Island, Antarctica","volume":"8","author":"Burkhardt","year":"2021","journal-title":"R. Soc. Open Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2011.12.021","article-title":"Acoustic and behavioural changes by fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in response to shipping and airgun noise","volume":"147","author":"Castellote","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Cons."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"EL161","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3567084","article-title":"Low frequency deep ocean ambient noise trend in the Northeast Pacific Ocean","volume":"129","author":"Chapman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b12","series-title":"Time-frequency exploration of the repertoire and evolution of humpback whale songs in the Caribbean Sea","author":"Chavin","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mms.13198","article-title":"Using acoustic monitoring to reveal nearly year-round presence of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the waters of southern Iceland","volume":"41","author":"Chicco","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mar. Mam. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3354\/esr00875","article-title":"Communicating amidst the noise: Modeling the aggregate influence of ambient and vessel noise on baleen whale communication space in a national marine sanctuary","volume":"36","author":"Cholewiak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endanger. Species Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3354\/meps08402","article-title":"Acoustic masking in marine ecosystems: intuitions, analysis, and implication","volume":"395","author":"Clark","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3354\/esr00759","article-title":"Changes in the acoustic behavior of gray whales Eschrichtius robustus in response to noise","volume":"31","author":"Dahlheim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endanger. Species Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2020.151456","article-title":"Migratory and diurnal activity of north Atlantic killer whales (Orcinus orca) off northern Norway","volume":"533","author":"Dietz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.203.2.283","article-title":"Killer whales (Orcinus Orca) feeding on schooling herring (Clupea Harengus) using underwater tail-slaps: Kinematic analyses of field observations","volume":"203","author":"Domenici","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2015.10.002","article-title":"The effect of vessel noise on humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae, communication behaviour","volume":"111","author":"Dunlop","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2009.2319","article-title":"Your attention please: increasing ambient noise levels elicits a change in communication behaviour in humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae)","author":"Dunlop","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4883598","article-title":"Evidence of a Lombard response in migrating humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae)","volume":"136","author":"Dunlop","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1964.10490181","article-title":"Multiple comparisons using rank sums","volume":"6","author":"Dunn","year":"1964","journal-title":"Technometrics"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/09524622.1997.9753353","article-title":"Acoustic communication signals of mysticete whales","volume":"8","author":"Edds-Walton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bioacoustics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/mam.12048","article-title":"Global distribution of fin whales Balaenoptera physalus in the post-whaling era (1980\u20132012)","volume":"45","author":"Edwards","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mammal Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b25","series-title":"Marine Mammal Acoustics in a Noisy Ocean","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2019.00606","article-title":"The effects of ship noise on marine mammals\u2014A review","volume":"6","author":"Erbe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1109\/JOE.2023.3307175","article-title":"Computer vision for bioacoustics: Detection of bearded seal vocalizations in the chukchi shelf using YOLOV5","volume":"49","author":"Escobar-Amado","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE J. Ocean. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b28","first-page":"101","article-title":"Le signe de l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation de la voix","volume":"37","author":"Etienne","year":"1911","journal-title":"Ann. Mal. l\u2019Oreille Larynx"},{"issue":"6986","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/428910a","article-title":"Whale-call response to masking boat noise","volume":"428","author":"Foote","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1139\/z89-105","article-title":"Acoustic behaviour of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) off Vancouver Island, British Columbia","volume":"67","author":"Ford","year":"1989","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2018.0484","article-title":"Dolphins simplify their vocal calls in response to increased ambient noise","volume":"14","author":"Fouda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3354\/meps12784","article-title":"Humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae alter calling behavior in response to natural sounds and vessel noise","volume":"607","author":"Fournet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/frsen.2022.934608","article-title":"Dolphin communication during widespread systematic noise reduction-a natural experiment amid COVID-19 lockdowns","volume":"3","author":"Gagne","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Remote. Sens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b34","article-title":"Temporal\u2013spatial, spectral, and source level distributions of fin whale vocalizations in the Norwegian sea observed with a coherent hydrophone array","volume":"76","author":"Garcia","year":"2018","journal-title":"ICES J. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"1998","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2023.0204","article-title":"Singing humpback whales respond to wind noise, but not to vessel noise","volume":"290","author":"Girola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b36","series-title":"Orca, Humpback, Fin and Sperm whales all together into an anthropized Arctic Fjord: the 2021 to 2024 CIAN expeditions","author":"Glotin","year":"2025"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0001669","article-title":"The Lombard effect in singing humpback whales: Source levels increase as ambient ocean noise levels increase","volume":"148","author":"Guazzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b38","article-title":"Snorkelling with orcas (killer whales) in Skjerv\u00f8y, northern Norway: Ambivalent encounters in a crowded tourism space","author":"Hale","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Plan. E"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2016.04.014","article-title":"Changes in bottlenose dolphin whistle parameters related to vessel presence, surface behaviour and group composition","volume":"117","author":"Heiler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3354\/meps08353","article-title":"Anthropogenic and natural sources of ambient noise in the ocean","volume":"395","author":"Hildebrand","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"EL27","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3040028","article-title":"Speaking up: Killer whales (Orcinus orca) increase their call amplitude in response to vessel noise","volume":"125","author":"Holt","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1006\/jmsc.2000.0577","article-title":"Diel variation in acoustic density measurements of overwintering herring (Clupea harengus L.)","volume":"57","author":"Huse","year":"2000","journal-title":"ICES J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b43","first-page":"1","article-title":"Whales caught in the north Atlantic and other seas","volume":"56","author":"Ingebrigtsen","year":"1929","journal-title":"Rapp. Proc\u00e8s-Verbaux R\u00e9unions"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/eth.13419","article-title":"Non-lunge feeding behaviour of humpback whales associated with fishing boats in Norway","volume":"130","author":"Iwata","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b45","first-page":"123","article-title":"Chapter 4 acoustic communication in delphinids","volume":"vol. 40","author":"Janik","year":"2009"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1121\/1.389049","article-title":"Optimum frequency of propagation in shallow water environments","volume":"73","author":"Jensen","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.47536\/jcrm.v26i1.951","article-title":"Ocean basin-wide movement patterns of North Atlantic humpback whales","volume":"26","author":"Jones","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Cetacean Res. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mambio.2017.03.006","article-title":"Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) and killer whale (Orcinus orca) feeding aggregations for foraging on herring (Clupea harengus) in northern Norway","volume":"86","author":"Jourdain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mamm. Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.230069","article-title":"Don\u2019t mind if I do: Arctic humpback whales respond to winter foraging opportunities before migration","volume":"10","author":"Kettemer","year":"2023","journal-title":"R. Soc. Open Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/mms.12447","article-title":"Singing through winter nights: Seasonal and diel occurrence of humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) calls in and around the Gully MPA, offshore eastern Canada","volume":"34","author":"Kowarski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Mam. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b51","series-title":"Responsible Cohabitation in Arctic Waters: The Promise of a Spectacle Tourist Whale","first-page":"25","author":"Kramvig","year":"2016"},{"issue":"260","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1952.10483441","article-title":"Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis","volume":"47","author":"Kruskal","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Amer. Statist. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, T.-Y., Maire, M., Belongie, S.J., Hays, J., Perona, P., Ramanan, D., Doll\u00e1r, P., Zitnick, C.L., 2014. Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context. In: European Conference on Computer Vision.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10602-1_48"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2023.1208049","article-title":"The Arctic and the future Arctic? Soundscapes and marine mammal communities on the east and west sides of Svalbard characterized through acoustic data","volume":"10","author":"Llobet","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.632720","article-title":"Feeding hotspots and distribution of fin and humpback whales in the Norwegian Sea from 2013 to 2018","volume":"8","author":"L\u00f8viknes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16966","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73996-z","article-title":"Autumn movements of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) from Svalbard, Norway, revealed by satellite tracking","volume":"10","author":"Lydersen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00300-014-1448-3","article-title":"Humpback whale songs during winter in subarctic waters","volume":"37","author":"Magn\u00fasd\u00f3ttir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Polar Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177730491","article-title":"On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other","volume":"18","author":"Mann","year":"1947","journal-title":"Ann. Math. Stat."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1111\/mms.12931","article-title":"Feeding characteristics and prey profitability in five herring-feeding killer whales (Orcinus orca) in northern Norway","volume":"38","author":"Matika","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mar. Mam. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3464","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4821537","article-title":"Decadal trends in Indian Ocean ambient sound","volume":"134","author":"Miksis-Olds","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polar.2023.101005","article-title":"Soundscape during summer in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, Arctic","volume":"39","author":"Mohanta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polar Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b62","first-page":"225","article-title":"Analysis of calls of killer whales, Orcinus orca, from Iceland and Norway","volume":"11","author":"Moore","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rit Fiskid."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3354\/meps13481","article-title":"Killer whales are attracted to herring fishing vessels","volume":"652","author":"Mul","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b64","article-title":"Seasonal and diel patterns in singing activity of humpback whales migrating through Bermuda","volume":"Volume 9 - 2022","author":"Narganes Homfeldt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1006\/jmsc.2001.1172","article-title":"How whales influence herring school dynamics in a cold-front area of the Norwegian sea","volume":"59","author":"N\u00f8ttestad","year":"2002","journal-title":"ICES J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b66","article-title":"Recent changes in distribution and relative abundance of cetaceans in the Norwegian sea and their relationship with potential prey","volume":"2","author":"N\u00f8ttestad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Ecol. Evol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/maec.12075","article-title":"Ecological aspects of fin whale and humpback whale distribution during summer in the Norwegian sea","volume":"35","author":"N\u00f8ttestad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-31665-x","article-title":"Occurrence and patterns of fin whale songs reveal alternative migration strategies in Svalbard Islands, Norway","volume":"13","author":"Papale","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3725","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2799904","article-title":"Short- and long-term changes in right whale calling behavior: The potential effects of noise on acoustic communication","volume":"122","author":"Parks","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b70","series-title":"Hungry During Migration? Humpback Whale Movement from the Barents Sea to a Feeding Stopover in Northern Norway Revealed by Photo-ID Analysis","author":"Ramm","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Redmon, J., 2016. You only look once: Unified, real-time object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.91"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-016-3059-8","article-title":"Icelandic herring-eating killer whales feed at night","volume":"164","author":"Richard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar. Biol."},{"issue":"1737","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2011.2429","article-title":"Evidence that ship noise increases stress in right whales","volume":"279","author":"Rolland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4766","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61849-8","article-title":"Baleen whale acoustic presence and behaviour at a Mid-Atlantic migratory habitat, the Azores Archipelago","volume":"10","author":"Romagosa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.83750","article-title":"Fin whale song evolution in the North Atlantic","volume":"13","author":"Romagosa","year":"2024","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b76","article-title":"pyGAM: Generalized additive models in python","author":"Serv\u00e9n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zenodo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b77","article-title":"The beat goes on: Humpback whale song seasonality in Antarctic and South African waters","volume":"Volume 9 - 2022","author":"Shabangu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"3\/4","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.2307\/2333709","article-title":"An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples)","volume":"52","author":"Shapiro","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076507","article-title":"North Atlantic blue and fin whales suspend their spring migration to forage in middle latitudes: Building up energy reserves for the journey?","volume":"8","author":"Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1139\/z93-210","article-title":"Surface and underwater observations of cooperatively feeding killer whales in northern Norway","volume":"71","author":"Simil\u00e4","year":"1993","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10211-007-0029-7","article-title":"The relationship between the acoustic behavior and surface activity of killer whales (Orcinus orca) that feed on herring (Clupea harengus)","volume":"10","author":"Simon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Ethologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2749452","article-title":"Blue and fin whale call source levels and propagation range in the Southern Ocean","volume":"122","author":"\u0160irovi\u0107","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.2307\/1412159","article-title":"The proof and measurement of association between two things","volume":"15","author":"Spearman","year":"1904","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1349537","article-title":"Characteristics of whistles from the acoustic repertoire of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) off Vancouver Island, British Columbia","volume":"109","author":"Thomsen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0204112","article-title":"Change in singing behavior of humpback whales caused by shipping noise","volume":"13","author":"Tsujii","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.669748","article-title":"Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) song on a subarctic feeding ground","volume":"8","author":"Tyarks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.862794","article-title":"Changes in humpback whale song structure and complexity reveal a rapid evolution on a feeding ground in Northern Norway","volume":"9","author":"Tyarks","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1578\/AM.31.1.2005.110","article-title":"Acoustic behaviour of Norwegian killer whales, Orcinus orca, during carousel and seiner foraging on spring-spawning herring","volume":"31","author":"Van Opzeeland","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aquatic Mammals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.7557\/3.2705","article-title":"Distribution and abundance of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in the northeast and central Atlantic as inferred from the north Atlantic sightings surveys 1987\u20132001","volume":"7","author":"V\u00edkingsson","year":"2009","journal-title":"NAMMCO Sci. Publ. 7:49-72"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s40317-025-00422-4","article-title":"Characterizing movement patterns of killer whales along the Norwegian coast","volume":"13","author":"Vogel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anim. Biotelemetry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1121\/1.395685","article-title":"The 20-Hz signals of finback whales (Balaenoptera physalus)","volume":"82","author":"Watkins","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1909155","article-title":"Acoustic ambient noise in the ocean: Spectra and sources","volume":"34","author":"Wenz","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s40317-024-00384-z","article-title":"Characterizing humpback whale behavior along the North-Norwegian coast","volume":"12","author":"Ytterhus Utengen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anim. Biotelemetry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b94","series-title":"2023 6th International Conference on Information Communication and Signal Processing","first-page":"429","article-title":"Classification of whale call signals based on the improved YOLOv5 model","author":"Zhang","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564_b95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.2478\/orhu-2019-0015","article-title":"Automatic bird song and syllable segmentation with an open-source deep-learning object detection method \u2013 a case study in the Collared Flycatcher","volume":"27","author":"Zseb\u0151k","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ornis Hung."}],"container-title":["Ecological Informatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1574954125005734?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1574954125005734?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T12:41:50Z","timestamp":1771418510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1574954125005734"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":95,"alternative-id":["S1574954125005734"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564","relation":{},"ISSN":["1574-9541"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1574-9541","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Arctic diel and circadian acoustic pattern of Orcas, Fin, and Humpback whales revealed by deep learning from two months of continuous recordings","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ecological Informatics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoinf.2025.103564","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103564"}}