{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T21:54:22Z","timestamp":1774994062068,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72442025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72442025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72293563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72293563"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72272027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72272027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72322018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72322018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Operational Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T22:56:23Z","timestamp":1766876183000},"page":"949-962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mitigating concentrated and cascading delays in preference-based appointment systems: A cost and risk perspective"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"332","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4223-938X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lixiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8553-6119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5185-3324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9864-7863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shujun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2022.09.027","article-title":"Preference based scheduling in a healthcare provider network","volume":"307","author":"Agrawal","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2024.05.038","article-title":"A queueing-based approach for integrated routing and appointment scheduling","volume":"318","author":"Bekker","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3329","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2020.3603","article-title":"Robust stochastic optimization made easy with RSOME","volume":"66","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2017.07.006","article-title":"Outpatient scheduling with unpunctual patients and no-shows","volume":"265","author":"Deceuninck","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s10107-016-0990-x","article-title":"Decomposition algorithms for optimizing multi-server appointment scheduling with chance constraints","volume":"157","author":"Deng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mathematical Programming"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.2014.1286","article-title":"Appointment scheduling under patient preference and no-show behavior","volume":"62","author":"Feldman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Operations Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1080.0542","article-title":"Revenue management for a primary-care clinic in the presence of patient choice","volume":"56","author":"Gupta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Operations Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.2017.1656","article-title":"Integer programming approaches for appointment scheduling with random no-shows and service durations","volume":"65","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Operations Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3480","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2019.3366","article-title":"Appointment scheduling under time-dependent patient no-show behavior","volume":"66","author":"Kong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5904","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2023.4676","article-title":"Managing outpatient service with strategic walk-ins","volume":"69","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4280","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2018.3150","article-title":"Managing appointment booking under customer choices","volume":"65","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1287\/msom.2023.0134","article-title":"Design of patient visit itineraries in tandem systems","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Manufacturing & Service Operations Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2013.1881","article-title":"Appointment scheduling with limited distributional information","volume":"61","author":"Mak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2020.1744766","article-title":"A stochastic approximation approach for managing appointments in the presence of unpunctual patients, multiple servers and no-shows","volume":"59","author":"Pan","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2353","article-title":"Mitigating delays and unfairness in appointment systems","volume":"63","author":"Qi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2023.01.024","article-title":"Patient appointment scheduling at hemodialysis centers: An exact branch and price approach","volume":"309","author":"Reihaneh","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2022.09.020","article-title":"Stochastic optimization models for a home service routing and appointment scheduling problem with random travel and service times","volume":"307","author":"Tsang","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2014.12.002","article-title":"Adaptive dynamic programming algorithms for sequential appointment scheduling with patient preferences","volume":"63","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1287\/ijoc.2023.0025","article-title":"Appointment scheduling with delay tolerance heterogeneity","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"INFORMS Journal on Computing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2018.3239","article-title":"Managing appointment-based services in the presence of walk-in customers","volume":"66","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1287\/msom.1110.0332","article-title":"Adaptive appointment systems with patient preferences","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Manufacturing & Service Operations Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.2014.1314","article-title":"Distributionally robust convex optimization","volume":"62","author":"Wiesemann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2021.102523","article-title":"Sequencing and scheduling appointments on multiple servers with stochastic service durations and customer arrivals","volume":"106","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s10107-018-1243-y","article-title":"Routing optimization with time windows under uncertainty","volume":"175","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mathematical Programming"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2023.0345","article-title":"Generalized riskiness index in vehicle routing under uncertain travel times: Formulations, properties, and exact solution framework","volume":"58","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transportation Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2024.2427349","article-title":"Large-scale dynamic surgical scheduling under uncertainty by hierarchical reinforcement learning","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Research"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Operational Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0377221725010057?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0377221725010057?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T21:14:14Z","timestamp":1774991654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0377221725010057"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0377221725010057"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038","relation":{},"ISSN":["0377-2217"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0377-2217","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mitigating concentrated and cascading delays in preference-based appointment systems: A cost and risk perspective","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Journal of Operational Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejor.2025.12.038","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}