{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T17:52:17Z","timestamp":1776102737606,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2023-03705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2023-03705"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010431","name":"Lupina Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010431","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["435-2022-0476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["435-2022-0476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Entertainment Computing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T08:08:35Z","timestamp":1773130115000},"page":"101114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["User traits mosaic: Understanding the multifaceted landscape of social VR users"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3759-5218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugene","family":"Kukshinov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4309-584X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Harley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7703-6234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3564-2532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derrick M.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5911-1405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilda","family":"Hadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4290-8829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lennart E.","family":"Nacke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b1","series-title":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology","first-page":"1","article-title":"A longitudinal study of small group interaction in social virtual reality","author":"Moustafa","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b2","series-title":"2021 IEEE Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces","first-page":"546","article-title":"The Most Social Platform Ever? A Survey about Activities & Motives of Social VR Users","author":"Sykownik","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b3","series-title":"Chinese CHI \u201922","first-page":"27","article-title":"Communication in Immersive Social Virtual Reality: A Systematic Review of 10 Years\u2019 Studies","author":"Wei","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b4","series-title":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"(Re)discovering the Physical Body Online: Strategies and Challenges to Approach Non-Cisgender Identity in Social Virtual Reality","author":"Freeman","year":"2022"},{"issue":"CSCW2","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3415246","article-title":"\u201cTalking without a Voice\u201d: Understanding Non-verbal Communication in Social Virtual Reality","volume":"4","author":"Maloney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. the ACM Human-Computer Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b6","series-title":"Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"Social VR: A New Medium for Remote Communication and Collaboration","author":"Li","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b7","series-title":"Conference Companion Publication of the 2019 on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing","first-page":"438","article-title":"\u201cThe Togetherness that We Crave\u201d: Experiencing Social VR in Long Distance Relationships","author":"Zamanifard","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b8","series-title":"Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Case for \u201cWeird Social\u201d in VR\/XR: A Vision of Social Superpowers Beyond Meatspace","author":"McVeigh-Schultz","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.08.012","article-title":"A motivation-based typology of social virtual world users","volume":"33","author":"Hassouneh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"issue":"CSCW1","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3579630","article-title":"Understanding Safety Risks and Safety Design in Social VR Environments","volume":"7","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. the ACM Human-Computer Interact."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-devpsych-121318-084824","article-title":"The Development of Social Categorization","volume":"1","author":"Rhodes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b12","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"5228","article-title":"Privacy Personas: Clustering Users via Attitudes and Behaviors toward Security Practices","author":"Dupree","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b13","series-title":"Advances in Design for Inclusion, Vol. 500","first-page":"585","article-title":"How to Categorize Users from a Design Point of View?","author":"Lorentzen","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b14","series-title":"2015 IEEE 34th International Performance Computing and Communications Conference","first-page":"1","article-title":"Identify user variants based on user behavior on social media","author":"Xu","year":"2015"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b15","first-page":"2029","article-title":"Conducting Thematic Analysis with Qualitative Data","volume":"26","author":"Lochmiller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Qual. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1002\/per.2410050404","article-title":"Breadth, bandwidth, and fidelity of personality-descriptive categories","volume":"5","author":"Borkenau","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pers."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b17","series-title":"Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 11747","first-page":"375","article-title":"\u201cI Don\u2019t Fit into a Single Type\u201d: A Trait Model and Scale of Game Playing Preferences","author":"Tondello","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b18","series-title":"Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play","first-page":"510","article-title":"Falling Asleep Together: What Makes Activities in Social Virtual Reality Meaningful to Users","author":"Maloney","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b19","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"Shaping Pro-Social Interaction in VR: An Emerging Design Framework","author":"McVeigh-Schultz","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b20","series-title":"Proceedings","first-page":"271","article-title":"Social Virtual Reality: Ethical Considerations and Future Directions for An Emerging Research Space","author":"Maloney","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b21","series-title":"Interaction Design and Children","first-page":"69","article-title":"Stay Connected in An Immersive World: Why Teenagers Engage in Social Virtual Reality","author":"Maloney","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.107047","article-title":"Psychological benefits of using social virtual reality platforms during the covid-19 pandemic: The role of social and spatial presence","volume":"127","author":"Barreda-\u00c1ngeles","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b23","series-title":"September","first-page":"1","article-title":"Social VR Beyond the Corporeal Standard: Reflections on Access for Disabled Persons","author":"Gerling","year":"2022"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-022-00651-5","article-title":"Towards socialVR: evaluating a novel technology for watching videos together","volume":"26","author":"Montagud","year":"2022","journal-title":"Virtual Real."},{"issue":"GROUP","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3492836","article-title":"Working Together Apart through Embodiment: Engaging in Everyday Collaborative Activities in Social Virtual Reality","volume":"6","author":"Freeman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. the ACM Human-Computer Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b26","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"VR Almost There: Simulating Co-located Multiplayer Experiences in Social Virtual Reality","author":"Sykownik","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b27","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"Social Virtual Reality as a Mental Health Tool: How People Use VRChat to Support Social Connectedness and Wellbeing","author":"Deighan","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b28","series-title":"CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"Something Personal from the Metaverse: Goals, Topics, and Contextual Factors of Self-Disclosure in Commercial Social VR","author":"Sykownik","year":"2022"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1089\/1094931041291295","article-title":"The Online Disinhibition Effect","volume":"7","author":"Suler","year":"2004","journal-title":"CyberPsychology & Behav."},{"issue":"CSCW1","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3512932","article-title":"Disturbing the Peace: Experiencing and Mitigating Emerging Harassment in Social Virtual Reality","volume":"6","author":"Freeman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. the ACM Human-Computer Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b31","series-title":"Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"My Body, My Avatar: How People Perceive Their Avatars in Social Virtual Reality","author":"Freeman","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b32","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference","first-page":"537","article-title":"\u201cI Don\u2019t Want to Hide Behind an Avatar\u201d: Self-Representation in Social VR Among Women in Midlife","author":"Morris","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b33","unstructured":"T. Janne, H. Juho, Meta-synthesis of player typologies, in: Games in Culture and Society, Tampere, Finland, 2012, URL http:\/\/www.digra.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/digital-library\/12168.40312.pdf."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/per.492","article-title":"Head-to-head comparison of the predictive validity of personality types and dimensions","volume":"17","author":"Asendorpf","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pers."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2011.12.003","article-title":"User disposition and extent of Web utilization: A trait hierarchy approach","volume":"70","author":"Davis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b36","series-title":"HCI in Games, Vol. 14047","first-page":"210","article-title":"Your Favorite Gameplay Speaks Volumes About You: Predicting User Behavior and Hexad Type","author":"Hadi Mogavi","year":"2023"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-018-1303-7","article-title":"The \u201cFurry\u201d Phenomenon: Characterizing Sexual Orientation, Sexual Motivation, and Erotic Target Identity Inversions in Male Furries","volume":"48","author":"Hsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Sex. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b38","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference Companion Publication on Designing Interactive Systems","first-page":"289","article-title":"What\u2019s It Mean to \u201cBe Social\u201d in VR?: Mapping the Social VR Design Ecology","author":"McVeigh-Schultz","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b39","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 on Designing Interactive Systems Conference","first-page":"241","article-title":"Understanding Emerging Design Practices for Avatar Systems in the Commercial Social VR Ecology","author":"Kolesnichenko","year":"2019"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2019.1628806","article-title":"Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis","volume":"11","author":"Braun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Sport. Exerc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b41","series-title":"Designing Social VR: A Collection of Design Choices Across Commercial and Research Applications","author":"Handley","year":"2022"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1080\/14780887.2020.1769238","article-title":"One size fits all? What counts as quality practice in (reflexive) thematic analysis?","volume":"18","author":"Braun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-021-01182-y","article-title":"A worked example of Braun and Clarke\u2019s approach to reflexive thematic analysis","volume":"56","author":"Byrne","year":"2022","journal-title":"Qual. Quant."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Psychol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1080\/07370024.2021.1994860","article-title":"A \u201cbeyond being there\u201d for VR meetings: envisioning the future of remote work","volume":"37","author":"McVeigh-Schultz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Human\u2013Computer Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b46","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"\u201cHow do I make this thing smile?\u201d: An Inventory of Expressive Nonverbal Communication in Commercial Social Virtual Reality Platforms","author":"Tanenbaum","year":"2020"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1188\/14.ONF.545-547","article-title":"The Use of Triangulation in Qualitative Research","volume":"41","author":"Carter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncol. Nurs. Forum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1177\/160940690900800305","article-title":"Technique Triangulation for Validation in Directed Content Analysis","volume":"8","author":"Humble","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Methods"},{"issue":"CSCW","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b49","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reliability and Inter-rater Reliability in Qualitative Research: Norms and Guidelines for CSCW and HCI Practice","volume":"3","author":"McDonald","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. the ACM Human-Computer Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.46743\/2160-3715\/2015.2201","article-title":"Using Clustering as a Tool: Mixed Methods in Qualitative Data Analysis","author":"Macia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Qual. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomp.2020.00015","article-title":"To Be or Not Be Human-Like in Virtual World","volume":"2","author":"Barbier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.1997.tb00072.x","article-title":"At the Heart of It All: The Concept of Presence","volume":"3","author":"Lombard","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Computer-Mediated Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/10288.001.0001","article-title":"This is why we can\u2019t have nice things: Mapping the relationship between online trolling and mainstream culture","author":"Phillips","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114_b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2018.1451429","article-title":"A Clustered-Based Categorization of Millennials in their Technology Behavior","volume":"35","author":"Calvo-Porral","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Human\u2013Computer Interact."}],"container-title":["Entertainment Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1875952126000364?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1875952126000364?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T16:50:33Z","timestamp":1776099033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1875952126000364"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S1875952126000364"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114","relation":{},"ISSN":["1875-9521"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1875-9521","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"User traits mosaic: Understanding the multifaceted landscape of social VR users","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Entertainment Computing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.entcom.2026.101114","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101114"}}