{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:31:06Z","timestamp":1769387466479,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environmental Modelling &amp; Software"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,28]],"date-time":"2012-09-28T22:33:59Z","timestamp":1348871639000},"page":"128-139","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluating Shuttle radar and interpolated DEMs for slope gradient and soil erosion estimation in low relief terrain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Anne E.","family":"Kinsey-Henderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Scott N.","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.14358\/PERS.71.7.805","article-title":"Effects of terrain morphology, sampling density, and interpolation methods on grid DEM accuracy","volume":"71","author":"Aguilar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2427.1997.d01-546.x","article-title":"The influence of catchment land use on stream integrity across multiple spatial scales","volume":"37","author":"Allan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Freshwater Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2113(03)81001-5","article-title":"The global impact of soil erosion on productivity: I: absolute and relative erosion-induced yield losses","volume":"81","author":"Biggelaar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Advances in Agronomy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.14358\/PERS.72.3.287","article-title":"SRTM C-band and ICESat laser altimetry elevation comparisons as a function of tree cover and relief","volume":"72","author":"Carabajal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3138\/AJ35-34H3-524K-0685","article-title":"The effect of data precision on the calculation of slope and aspect using gridded DEMs","volume":"29","author":"Carter","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cartographica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1559\/152304091783805626","article-title":"The effect of DEM resolution on slope and aspect mapping","volume":"18","author":"Chang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cartography and Geographic Information Systems"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2005.02.017","article-title":"Impact of DEM mesh size and soil map scale on SWAT runoff, sediment, and NO3\u2013N loads predictions","volume":"312","author":"Chaplot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2005.12.010","article-title":"Accuracy of interpolation techniques for the derivation of digital elevation models in relation to landform types and data density","volume":"77","author":"Chaplot","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geomorphology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib9","series-title":"Caring for Our Country Business Plan 2009-10","author":"Commonwealth of Australia","year":"2008"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1884","article-title":"The implications of data selection for regional erosion and sediment yield modelling","volume":"34","author":"de Vente","year":"2009","journal-title":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9837(199706)22:6<563::AID-ESP713>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Effects of interpolation errors on the analysis of DEMs","volume":"22","author":"Desmet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.1731","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of interpolation methods for producing digital elevation models at the field scale","volume":"34","author":"Erdogan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib13","author":"ESRI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib14","author":"ESRI"},{"issue":"F2","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2003JF000113","article-title":"Analysis and characterization of the vertical accuracy of digital elevation models from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission","volume":"110","author":"Falorni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2005RG000183","article-title":"The shuttle radar topography mission","volume":"45","author":"Farr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reviews of Geophysics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1191\/0309133306pp492ra","article-title":"Causes and consequences of error in digital elevation models","volume":"30","author":"Fisher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Progress in Physical Geography"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810802527499","article-title":"Computation of the third-order partial derivatives from a digital elevation model","volume":"23","author":"Florinsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib19","series-title":"Topographic Scaling for the NLWRA Sediment Project: NLWRA Sediment Project (CLW 12)","author":"Gallant","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib20","series-title":"Geomorphometry 2011, Redlands, California","article-title":"Adaptive smoothing for noisy DEMs","author":"Gallant","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib21","series-title":"MODISM2011, 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation, Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, Perth, Australia","first-page":"70","article-title":"The ground beneath your feet: digital elevation data for today and tomorrow","author":"Gallant","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib22","author":"Gallant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib23","series-title":"Building the National One-second Digital Elevation Model for Australia, Water Information Research and Development Alliance: Science Symposium Proceedings","author":"Gallant","year":"2011"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1080\/136588198241545","article-title":"Impact of sampling intervals on the reliability of topographic variables mapped from grid DEMs at a micro-scale","volume":"12","author":"Gao","year":"1998","journal-title":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.14358\/PERS.72.3.269","article-title":"Geomorphometry from SRTM: comparison to NED","volume":"72","author":"Guth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib26","first-page":"289","article-title":"Contour line \u201cghosts\u201d in USGS level 2 DEMs","volume":"65","author":"Guth","year":"1999","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib27","series-title":"Error Propagation in Environmental Modelling with GIS","first-page":"51","article-title":"Error Porpagation with local GIS operations: applications","author":"Heuvelink","year":"1998"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1694(00)00229-8","article-title":"Error in a USGS 30-meter digital elevation model and its impact on terrain modeling","volume":"233","author":"Holmes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib29","series-title":"Land and Soil Survey Simmons Creek Catchment","author":"Hook","year":"2002"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1109\/PROC.1981.11918","article-title":"Hill shading and the reflectance map","volume":"69","author":"Horn","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1997.tb00944.x","article-title":"Modeling the uncertainty of slope and aspect estimates derived from spatial databases","volume":"29","author":"Hunter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Geographical Analysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib32","series-title":"GEODATA 9 Second DEM and D8 User Guide","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib33","series-title":"Third International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Sydney, Australia","first-page":"117","article-title":"Calculation of hydrologically sound digital elevation models","author":"Hutchinson","year":"1988"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(89)90073-5","article-title":"A\u00a0new procedure for gridding elevation and stream line data with automatic removal of spurious pits","volume":"106","author":"Hutchinson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib35","series-title":"Third International Conference\/Workshop on Integrating GIS and environmental modeling. Santa Barbara","article-title":"A\u00a0locally adaptive approach to interpolation of digital elevation models","author":"Hutchinson","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib36","author":"Hutchinson"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib37","series-title":"Geographic Information Systems, Principles, Techniques, Applications and Management","first-page":"105","article-title":"Representation of terrain","author":"Hutchinson","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib38","series-title":"Terrain Analysis: Principles and Applications","first-page":"29","article-title":"Digital elevation models and representation of terrain shape","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2000"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-3004(98)00032-6","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of algorithms used to compute hill slope as a property of the DEM","volume":"24","author":"Jones","year":"1998","journal-title":"Computers & Geosciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(00)00136-X","article-title":"Effects of digital elevation model accuracy on hydrologic predictions","volume":"74","author":"Kenward","year":"2000","journal-title":"Remote Sensing of Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib41","series-title":"Improved SedNet Modelling of Grazing Lands in the Burdekin Catchment","author":"Kinsey-Henderson","year":"2007"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1071\/SR02157","article-title":"Predicting sheetwash and rill erosion over the Australian continent","volume":"41","author":"Lu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Soil Research"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8809(92)90024-6","article-title":"Rangelands","volume":"42","author":"Menke","year":"1992","journal-title":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment"},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13268","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0611508104","article-title":"Soil erosion and agricultural sustainability","volume":"104","author":"Montgomery","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib45","author":"New South Wales Land Information Centre"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cageo.2005.02.014","article-title":"Error propagation of DEM-based surface derivatives","volume":"31","author":"Oksanen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Computers and Geosciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810500433891","article-title":"Uncovering the statistical and spatial characteristics of fine toposcale DEM error","volume":"20","author":"Oksanen","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib48","series-title":"Erosion, Suspended Sediment Loads, and Sand Slug Deposition in the NSW Murray Region","author":"Prosser","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib49","series-title":"Regional Patterns of Erosion and Sediment Transport in the Burdekin River Catchment","author":"Prosser","year":"2002"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2005.02.003","article-title":"The effect of error in gridded digital elevation models on the estimation of topographic parameters","volume":"21","author":"Raaflaub","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environmental Modelling & Software"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-2716(02)00124-7","article-title":"The shuttle radar topography mission - a new class of digital elevation models acquired by spaceborne radar","volume":"57","author":"Rabus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Isprs Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib52","article-title":"Predicting soil erosion by water: a guide to conservation planning with the revised universal soil loss equation","volume":"vol. 703","author":"Renard","year":"1997"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1993.03615995005700030032x","article-title":"Error assessment in the\u00a0universal soil loss equation","volume":"57","author":"Risse","year":"1993","journal-title":"Soil Science Society of America Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.14358\/PERS.72.3.249","article-title":"A\u00a0global assessment of the SRTM\u00a0performance","volume":"72","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib55","series-title":"Land Resource Assessment of the Dalrymple Shire","author":"Rogers","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib56","series-title":"SOILOSS: A Computer Program to Assist in the Selection of Management Practices to Reduce Erosion","author":"Rosewell","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1071\/RJ9960033","article-title":"Run-off and soil movement on mid-slopes in North-east Queensland grazed woodlands","volume":"18","author":"Scanlan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rangelands Journal"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467,","DOI":"10.1029\/2002GL016643","article-title":"Accuracy and resolution of shuttle radar topography mission data","volume":"30","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geophysical Research Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib59","series-title":"Modelling the Land Surface: a Report on the Creation of Digital Elevation Models for High Priority Regions of Queensland Natural Resources","author":"Smith","year":"2006"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1085(199903)13:4<611::AID-HYP758>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Scaling input data by GIS for hydrological modelling","volume":"13","author":"Thieken","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hydrological Processes"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-2716(02)00123-5","article-title":"Impact of terrain slope and aspect on radargrammetric DEM\u00a0accuracy","volume":"57","author":"Toutin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Isprs Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib62","series-title":"State Source Water Assessment and Protection Programs Guidance (Final Guidance)","author":"U.S. EPA","year":"1997"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2010.03.014","article-title":"Impact of DEM accuracy and resolution on\u00a0topographic indices","volume":"25","author":"Vaze","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environmental Modelling & Software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib64","article-title":"Evaluation of ASTER GDEM and SRTM and their suitability in hydraulic modelling of a glacial lake outburst flood in southeast Tibet","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hydrological Processes"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2008.09.006","article-title":"Modelling and testing spatially distributed sediment budgets to relate erosion processes to sediment yields","volume":"24","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environmental Modelling and Software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib66","series-title":"Terrain Analysis: Principles and Applications","first-page":"133","article-title":"Effect of data source, grid resolution, and flow routing method on computed topographic attributes","author":"Wilson","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib67","unstructured":"Wood, J.D., 1996. The Geomorphological Characterisation of Digitial Elevation Models. PhD, University of Leicester, Leicester."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1109\/38.204967","article-title":"Assessing interpolation accuracy in elevation models","volume":"13","author":"Wood","year":"1993","journal-title":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1029\/93WR03553","article-title":"Digital elevation model grid size, landscape representation, and hydrologic simulations","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Water Resources Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9671.2007.01033.x","article-title":"Effect of contour intervals and grid cell size on the accuracy of DEMs and slope derivatives","volume":"11","author":"Ziadat","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transactions in GIS"}],"container-title":["Environmental Modelling &amp; Software"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1364815212002307?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1364815212002307?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,20]],"date-time":"2018-11-20T07:25:54Z","timestamp":1542698754000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1364815212002307"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["S1364815212002307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envsoft.2012.08.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["1364-8152"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1364-8152","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}}}