{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:26Z","timestamp":1770681626849,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001525","name":"Ministry For The Environment","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001525","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Modelling & Software"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T08:11:32Z","timestamp":1764922292000},"page":"106820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Freshwater modeling in Aotearoa New Zealand: Current practice and future directions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"197","author":[{"given":"Katharina","family":"Dost","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kohji","family":"Muraoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anne-Gaelle","family":"Ausseil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rubianca","family":"Benavidez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Brendon","family":"Blue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nic","family":"Conland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Daughney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Semadeni-Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Linh","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Hooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Theodore Alfred","family":"Kpodonu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tapuwa","family":"Marapara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Richard","family":"McDowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Trung","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dang Anh","family":"Nguyet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ned","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Deniz","family":"\u00d6zkundakci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"James","family":"Rolinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ra","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Reina","family":"Tamepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"van Uitregt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bethanna","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Sarris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0533-3368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Wicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib1","series-title":"Root Cause Analysis: Simplified Tools and Techniques","author":"Andersen","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib2","article-title":"Predicting water quality using machine learning","author":"Armstrong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water New Zealand Confer. Expo"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1890\/1051-0761(2002)012[1247:MEASNF]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Meeting ecological and societal needs for freshwater","volume":"12","author":"Baron","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ecol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib4","author":"Barry"},{"issue":"February","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib6","article-title":"A modelling framework and R-package for evaluating system performance under hydroclimate variability and change","volume":"139","author":"Bennett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Software"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.14882","article-title":"Benchmarking hydrological models for an uncertain future","volume":"37","author":"Beven","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5092","DOI":"10.1002\/wrcr.20393","article-title":"A guide to good practice in modeling semantics for authors and referees","volume":"49","author":"Beven","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1080\/02626667.2019.1620507","article-title":"Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH)\u2013a community perspective","volume":"64","author":"Bl\u00f6schl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hydrol. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib10","series-title":"New Zealand Environmental Perceptions Survey: 2022","author":"Booth","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib112","series-title":"Water Information Research and Development Alliance (WIRADA)","first-page":"2008","year":"2008"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8086","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1231332100","article-title":"Knowledge systems for sustainable development","volume":"100","author":"Cash","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1080\/02626667.2014.903331","article-title":"Comparing expert judgement and numerical criteria for hydrograph evaluation","volume":"60","author":"Crochemore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hydrol. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib13","series-title":"New Zealand Agricultural and Resource Economics Society Conference","article-title":"Public perceptions of New Zealand's environment","author":"Cullen","year":"2006"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.2958","article-title":"The Alliance for Freshwater Life: a global call to unite efforts for freshwater biodiversity science and conservation","volume":"28","author":"Darwall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aquat. Conserv. Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11374","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-16344-6","article-title":"Spatial optimization of the water quality monitoring network in S\u00e3o Paulo State (Brazil) to improve sampling efficiency and reduce bias in a developing sub-tropical region","volume":"29","author":"de Almeida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Control Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib111","unstructured":"Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (2007) Water Act 2007. Parliament of Australia. Available at: https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.au\/C2007A00137 (Accessed: 17 November 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib17","series-title":"Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, ICDM, 2020-Novem","first-page":"996","article-title":"Your best guess when you know nothing: identification and mitigation of selection bias","author":"Dost","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1017\/S1464793105006950","article-title":"Freshwater biodiversity: importance, threats, status and conservation challenges","volume":"81","author":"Dudgeon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Rev. Camb. Phil. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib19","unstructured":"Elliott, A., Dang, A., Jackson, B., Taylor, K., Muraoka, K., Ausseil, A.-G., Davies, A., Hoang, L., Hooper, A., Kpodonu, T., Marques, T., \u00d6zkundakci, D., Pearson, L., Smith, R., Tamepo, R., Wicker, J. (2022) \u2018Technical Workshop on Future Catchment Modelling\u2019, in 27 Oct. 2022, Wellington, New Zealand. Sponsored by MfE."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib20","series-title":"Interoperable Modelling","author":"Elliott","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib113","unstructured":"eWater (2023) \u2018Source: Australia\u2019s national hydrological modelling platform\u2019. Available at: https:\/\/ewater.org.au\/products\/ewater-source\/ (Accessed: 17 November 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib22","first-page":"567","article-title":"Out-of-sample volatility prediction: rolling window, expanding window, or both?","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Forecast."},{"issue":"February","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib23","article-title":"Transferability and scalability of sustainable urban water solutions\u2013A case study from the Colorado River Basin","volume":"157","author":"Forrest","year":"2020","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib24","series-title":"Blackwell Publishing Ltd","article-title":"Modeling water quality in watersheds: from here to the next generation","author":"Fu","year":"2020"},{"issue":"December 2018","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2018.12.008","article-title":"A review of catchment-scale water quality and erosion models and a synthesis of future prospects","volume":"114","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Software"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-3287(93)90022-L","article-title":"Science for the post-normal age","volume":"25","author":"Funtowicz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Futures"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1162\/neco_a_01273","article-title":"A survey on deep learning for multimodal data fusion","volume":"32","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neural Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.11.063","article-title":"Artificial neural networks as emulators of process-based models to analyse bathing water quality in estuaries","volume":"150","author":"Garc\u00eda-Alba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1029\/2022WR033918","article-title":"In defense of metrics: metrics sufficiently encode typical human preferences regarding hydrological model performance","volume":"59","author":"Gauch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1080\/02626667.2023.2241850","article-title":"Physical and artificial intelligence-based hybrid models for rainfall\u2013runoff\u2013sediment process modelling","volume":"68","author":"Gelete","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hydrol. Sci. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-26-1-2022","article-title":"Synthesizing the impacts of baseflow contribution on concentration-discharge (C-Q) relationships across Australia using a Bayesian hierarchical model","volume":"26","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247-025-02044-3","article-title":"Australian water quality trends over two decades show deterioration in the Great Barrier Reef region and recovery in the Murray-Darling Basin","volume":"6","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun. Earth Environ."},{"issue":"April","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2019.04.008","article-title":"A framework for characterising and evaluating the effectiveness of environmental modelling","volume":"118","author":"Hamilton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2021.105278","article-title":"Fit-for-purpose environmental modeling: targeting the intersection of usability, reliability and feasibility","volume":"148","author":"Hamilton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Software"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.12225","article-title":"Why model assumptions matter for natural resource management: interactions between model structure and life histories in fishery models","volume":"51","author":"Hoshino","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2022WR033180","article-title":"Nitrate hysteresis as a tool for revealing storm-event dynamics and improving water quality model performance","volume":"59","author":"Husic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib37","unstructured":"Jackson, B., Muraoka, K., Taylor, K., Blue, B., Conland, N., Dang, A., Deans, N., Hooper, A., King, J., Marques, T., Meredith, A., Rolinson, J., Stephens, T., Wicker, J., Elliott, S., Smith, R., Tamepo, R. (2022) \u2018Future Catchment Modelling Needs Workshop\u2019, in 19 Oct. 2022, Wellington, New Zealand. Sponsored by MfE."},{"issue":"July 2023","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib38","article-title":"Linking error measures to model questions","volume":"487","author":"Jacobs","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecol. Model."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2006.01.004","article-title":"Ten iterative steps in development and evaluation of environmental models","volume":"21","author":"Jakeman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib40","author":"Jenkinson"},{"issue":"May","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2020.09.030","article-title":"Bridging the gap: a strategic framework for implementing best practice guidelines in environmental modelling","volume":"114","author":"Jones","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib114","article-title":"Bayesian analysis of input uncertainty in hydrological modeling: 2. Application","volume":"42","author":"Kavetski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib116","series-title":"Environmental Modelling and Software","first-page":"132","article-title":"Development of catchment water quality models within a realtime status and forecast system for the Great Barrier Reef","author":"Khan","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2009.06.009","article-title":"A method for the analysis of assumptions in model-based environmental assessments","volume":"26","author":"Kloprogge","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Software"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-022-00873-0","article-title":"Assessing placement bias of the global river gauge network","volume":"5","author":"Krabbenhoft","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Sustain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib44","article-title":"Stakeholder engagement does not guarantee impact: a co-productionist perspective on model-based drought research","author":"Landstr\u00f6m","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soc. Stud. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib45","first-page":"131","article-title":"Freshwater science\u2013policy interactions in Aotearoa-New Zealand: lessons from the past and recommendations for the future","volume":"26","author":"Larned","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aust. J. Water Resour."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-023-01894-x","article-title":"Meeting the growing need for land-water system modelling to assess land management actions","volume":"73","author":"Larned","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-27-873-2023","article-title":"Flexible forecast value metric suitable for a wide range of decisions: application using probabilistic subseasonal streamflow forecasts","volume":"27","author":"Laugesen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib110","series-title":"Environ. Model. Software","first-page":"106697","article-title":"Software library to quantify the value of forecasts for decision-making: Case study on sensitivity to damages","author":"Laugesen","year":"2025"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.14423","article-title":"The influence of climate on water chemistry states and dynamics in Rivers across Australia","volume":"35","author":"Lintern","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7252","DOI":"10.1029\/2017WR022172","article-title":"What are the key catchment characteristics affecting spatial differences in riverine water quality?","volume":"54","author":"Lintern","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"issue":"PA","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib49","article-title":"Ten strategies towards successful calibration of environmental models","volume":"620","author":"Mai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"issue":"July","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib50","article-title":"On how data are partitioned in model development and evaluation: confronting the elephant in the room to enhance model generalization","volume":"167","author":"Maier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Software"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/00288233.2005.9513643","article-title":"Modelling phosphorus losses from pastoral farming systems in New Zealand","volume":"48","author":"McDowell","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Z. J. Agric. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-52512-7","article-title":"Monitoring to detect changes in water quality to meet policy objectives","volume":"14","author":"McDowell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ecs2.2482","article-title":"A strategy for optimizing catchment management actions to stressor\u2013response relationships in freshwaters","volume":"9","author":"McDowell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib61","series-title":"National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management Implementation Review","first-page":"1","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib54","series-title":"Developing, Adapting and Applying Environmental Models in a Regulatory Context in New Zealand","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib56","series-title":"Understanding Environmental Issues, Awareness and Action","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib59","series-title":"Environment Aotearoa 2019","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib57","series-title":"The Government Response to the Findings of the Overseer Peer Review Report","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib58","series-title":"New Zealand\u2019s Environmental Reporting Series: Our Freshwater 2023","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib60","series-title":"Weather Permitting: Review of Open Access to Weather Data in New Zealand","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib62","first-page":"1","article-title":"Review: sources of hydrological model uncertainties and advances in their analysis","volume":"13","author":"Moges","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water (Switzerland)"},{"issue":"December 2021","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib63","article-title":"Emulating process-based water quality modelling in water source reservoirs using machine learning","volume":"609","author":"Mohammed","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2020WR028091","article-title":"What role does hydrological science play in the age of machine learning?","volume":"57","author":"Nearing","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2020.125220","article-title":"Water quality prediction using SWAT-ANN coupled approach","volume":"590","author":"Noori","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"issue":"June","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2018.06.018","article-title":"Building a reliable evidence base: legal challenges in environmental decision-making call for a more rigorous adoption of best practices in environmental modelling","volume":"88","author":"\u00d6zkundakci","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2019.01.012","article-title":"Continual lifelong learning with neural networks: a review","volume":"113","author":"Parisi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Netw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib68","series-title":"Overseer and Regulatory Oversight: Models, Uncertainty and Cleaning up our Waterways","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib69","series-title":"A Review of the Funding and Prioritisation of Environmental Research in New Zealand","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib70","series-title":"A Review of Freshwater Models Used to Support the Regulation and Management of Water in New Zealand","year":"2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1080\/07900627.2010.531898","article-title":"Impact of agriculture on water pollution in OECD countries: recent trends and future prospects","volume":"27","author":"Parris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Water Resour. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib72","series-title":"Mapping Contaminants from Source to Sink: Data Stocktake and Evaluation","author":"Pearson","year":"2021"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/lom3.10488","article-title":"The human factor: weather bias in manual lake water quality monitoring","volume":"20","author":"Rand","year":"2022","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr. Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2009WR008328","article-title":"Understanding predictive uncertainty in hydrologic modeling: The challenge of identifying input and structural errors","volume":"46","author":"Renard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00139298","article-title":"Asessing integrated assessments","volume":"34","author":"Risbey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clim. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.03.492","article-title":"A hydrochemically guided landscape classification system for modelling spatial variation in multiple water quality indices: process-attribute mapping","volume":"672","author":"Rissmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-024-01950-0","article-title":"Physiographic environment classification: a controlling factor classification of landscape susceptibility to waterborne contaminant loss","author":"Rissmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib77","series-title":"Predicting Nitrogen Inputs to Lake Rotorua Using ROTAN-Annual","author":"Rutherford","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib78","series-title":"Prediction of Nitrogen Loads to Lake Rotorua Using the ROTAN Model","author":"Rutherford","year":"2011"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1002\/fee.1731","article-title":"Linking knowledge to action: the role of boundary spanners in translating ecology","volume":"15","author":"Safford","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Ecol. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2018.01.032","article-title":"Using solute and heat tracers for aquifer characterization in a strongly heterogeneous alluvial aquifer","volume":"558","author":"Sarris","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"issue":"8\u20139","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00477-019-01715-w","article-title":"Uncertainty assessment of nitrate reduction in heterogeneous aquifers under uncertain redox conditions","volume":"33","author":"Sarris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/gwat.13024","article-title":"Parallel simulation in subsurface hydrology: evaluating the performance of modeling computers","volume":"59","author":"Sarris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Groundwater"},{"issue":"January","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2019.06.074","article-title":"The effects of denitrification parameterization and potential benefits of spatially targeted regulation for the reduction of N-discharges from agriculture","volume":"247","author":"Sarris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2010.05.001","article-title":"Ecological models supporting environmental decision making: a strategy for the future","volume":"25","author":"Schmolke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4754(00)00270-6","article-title":"Global sensitivity indices for nonlinear mathematical models and their Monte Carlo estimates","volume":"55","author":"Sobol","year":"2001","journal-title":"Math. Comput. Simulat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2022WR032349","article-title":"Uncertainty decomposition to understand the influence of water systems model error in climate vulnerability assessments","volume":"59","author":"Steinschneider","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9979","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-021-03233-1","article-title":"The no-free-lunch theorems of supervised learning","volume":"199","author":"Sterkenburg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Synthese"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib89","series-title":"Open Access","author":"Suber","year":"2012"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2070(00)00065-0","article-title":"Out-of-sample tests of forecasting accuracy: an analysis and review","volume":"16","author":"Tashman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Forecast."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib91","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ng\u0101 Puna Aroha: towards an indigenous-centred freshwater allocation framework for Aotearoa New Zealand","volume":"25","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aust. J. Water Resour."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.118418","article-title":"Source, fate, transport and modelling of selected emerging contaminants in the aquatic environment: current status and future perspectives","volume":"217","author":"Tong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"November 2021","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib93","article-title":"Advancing prediction of emerging contaminants in a tropical reservoir with general water quality indicators based on a hybrid process and data-driven approach","volume":"430","author":"Tong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib94","series-title":"Guidance on the Development, Evaluation, and Application of Environmental Models","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.14565","article-title":"Can machine learning accelerate process understanding and decision-relevant predictions of river water quality?","volume":"36","author":"Varadharajan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2015.11.016","article-title":"Modelling with stakeholders - next generation","volume":"77","author":"Voinov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Model. Software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib97","first-page":"1893","article-title":"Cross-city transfer learning for deep spatio-temporal prediction","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2019-Augus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib98","article-title":"The physiographic environment classification : decoding water quality landscapes through hydrochemical conceptualization","author":"Wayne","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib99","series-title":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 13-17-Augu","first-page":"1905","article-title":"Transfer knowledge between cities","author":"Wei","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2022.01.020","article-title":"Towards implementation of robust monitoring technologies alongside freshwater improvement policy in Aotearoa New Zealand","volume":"132","author":"Westerhoff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib101","series-title":"Spatial Modelling of River water-quality State","author":"Whitehead","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib102","article-title":"Guidance on setup, calibration, and validation of hydrodynamic, wave, and sediment models for Shelf Seas and estuaries","volume":"2017","author":"Williams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Civ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135877","article-title":"Achieving unbiased predictions of national-scale groundwater redox conditions via data oversampling and statistical learning","volume":"705","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"1549","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0055","article-title":"Climate change and freshwater ecosystems: impacts across multiple levels of organization","volume":"365","author":"Woodward","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib105","series-title":"The Web Conference 2019 - Proceedings of the World Wide Web Conference","first-page":"2181","article-title":"Learning from multiple cities: a meta-learning approach for spatial-temporal prediction","author":"Yao","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2022WR033703","article-title":"A Robust strategy to account for data sampling variability in the development of hydrological models","volume":"59","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."}],"container-title":["Environmental Modelling & Software"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1364815225005043?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1364815225005043?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T07:39:25Z","timestamp":1770622765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1364815225005043"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":109,"alternative-id":["S1364815225005043"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820","relation":{},"ISSN":["1364-8152"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1364-8152","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Freshwater modeling in Aotearoa New Zealand: Current practice and future directions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Modelling & Software","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envsoft.2025.106820","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106820"}}