{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T11:27:32Z","timestamp":1772278052290,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIPROM\/2024\/34"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIPROM\/2024\/34"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2022-136383NB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2022-136383NB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2021-122344NB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-122344NB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011033","name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"Generalitat Valenciana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T10:17:28Z","timestamp":1767349048000},"page":"130955","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem with time-dependent resource costs and capacities: A bi-objective approach"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"306","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9755-9684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sof\u00eda","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Ballesteros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3526-508X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Alcaraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5556-1759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Anton-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2024.106821","article-title":"Redesigning a NSGA-II metaheuristic for the bi-objective support vector machine with feature selection","volume":"172","author":"Alcaraz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmsy.2022.05.002","article-title":"Bi-objective resource-constrained project scheduling problem with time-dependent resource costs","volume":"63","author":"Alcaraz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Manufacturing Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010949931021","article-title":"A robust genetic algorithm for resource allocation in project scheduling","volume":"102","author":"Alcaraz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0004","series-title":"Perspectives in modern project scheduling","first-page":"249","article-title":"A hybrid genetic algorithm based on intelligent encoding for project scheduling","author":"Alcaraz","year":"2006"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jors.2601563","article-title":"Solving the multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem with genetic algorithms","volume":"54","author":"Alcaraz","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Journal of the Operational Research Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2020.11.016","article-title":"Performance indicators in multiobjective optimization","volume":"292","author":"Audet","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0007","series-title":"Handbook on project management and scheduling vol. 1","isbn-type":"print","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-05443-8_19","article-title":"Theoretical and practical fundamentals","author":"Ballest\u00edn","year":"2015","ISBN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/isbn\/9783319054438"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-218X(83)90012-4","article-title":"Scheduling subject to resource constraints: Classification and complexity","volume":"5","author":"Blazewicz","year":"1983","journal-title":"Discrete Applied Mathematics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(02)00761-0","article-title":"A new efficient simulated annealing algorithm for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem and its multiple mode version","volume":"149","author":"Bouleimen","year":"2003","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2011.03.019","article-title":"Multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling using RCPSP and SAT solvers","volume":"213","author":"Coelho","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1137\/10079731X","article-title":"Direct multisearch for multiobjective optimization","volume":"21","author":"Cust\u00f3dio","year":"2011","journal-title":"SIAM Journal on Optimization"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2008.11.010","article-title":"Differential evolution for solving multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problems","volume":"36","author":"Damak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.996017","article-title":"A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II","volume":"6","author":"Deb","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1080\/07408170008967461","article-title":"The discrete time\/resource trade-off problem in project networks: A branch-and-bound approach","volume":"32","author":"Demeulemeester","year":"2000","journal-title":"IIE Transactions"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2011.05.014","article-title":"jMetal: A java framework for multi-objective optimization","volume":"42","author":"Durillo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Advances in Engineering Software"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2009.2034647","article-title":"A study of multiobjective metaheuristics when solving parameter scalable problems","volume":"14","author":"Durillo","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.114132","article-title":"Reactive heuristics for disrupted multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem","volume":"167","author":"Elloumi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s11047-018-9685-y","article-title":"A tutorial on multiobjective optimization: Fundamentals and evolutionary methods","volume":"17","author":"Emmerich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Natural Computing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2018.01.001","article-title":"A path-relinking algorithm for the multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem","volume":"92","author":"Fernandes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.5267\/j.jpm.2018.1.005","article-title":"Resource-constrained project scheduling problem: Review of past and recent developments","volume":"3","author":"Habibi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Project Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6750(199810)45:7<733::AID-NAV5>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"A competitive genetic algorithm for resource-constrained project scheduling","volume":"45","author":"Hartmann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Naval Research Logistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0022","series-title":"Project Scheduling under Limited Resources: Models, Methods, and Applications","author":"Hartmann","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010902015091","article-title":"Project scheduling with multiple modes: A genetic algorithm","volume":"102","author":"Hartmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0024","series-title":"Handbook on project management and scheduling vol.1","isbn-type":"print","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-05443-8_8","article-title":"Time-varying resource requirements and capacities","author":"Hartmann","year":"2015","ISBN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/isbn\/9783319054438"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2021.05.004","article-title":"An updated survey of variants and extensions of the resource-constrained project scheduling problem","volume":"297","author":"Hartmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(99)00485-3","article-title":"Experimental evaluation of state-of-the-art heuristics for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem","volume":"127","author":"Hartmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amc.2007.04.096","article-title":"A combinatorial particle swarm optimization for solving multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problems","volume":"195","author":"Jarboui","year":"2008","journal-title":"Applied Mathematics and Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1080\/07408179708966417","article-title":"Local search for nonpreemptive multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling","volume":"29","author":"Kolisch","year":"1997","journal-title":"IIE Transactions"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(96)00170-1","article-title":"PSPLIB - A project scheduling problem library: OR software - ORSEP operations research software exchange program","volume":"96","author":"Kolisch","year":"1997","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2013.05.030","article-title":"Ant colony optimization-based multi-mode scheduling under renewable and nonrenewable resource constraints","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Automation in Construction"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2008.11.002","article-title":"An efficient hybrid genetic algorithm for scheduling projects with resource constraints and multiple execution modes","volume":"117","author":"Lova","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amc.2009.03.037","article-title":"Effective implementation of the \u03f5-constraint method in multi-objective mathematical programming problems","volume":"213","author":"Mavrotas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Applied Mathematics and Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0033","series-title":"Proceedings of the companion publication of the 2015 annual conference on genetic and evolutionary computation","first-page":"1093","article-title":"Redesigning the jMetal multi-objective optimization framework","author":"Nebro","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0034","series-title":"Advances in project scheduling","first-page":"3","article-title":"An algorithm for a general class of precedence and resource constrained scheduling problems","author":"Patterson","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.128122","article-title":"A heuristic solution for multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem with transfer times: The multi-project case","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0036","series-title":"2008\u202fIEEE International conference on industrial engineering and engineering management","first-page":"163","article-title":"Scatter search for multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problems","author":"Pourghaderi","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.16.1.93","article-title":"Multiproject scheduling with limited resources: A zero-one programming approach","volume":"16","author":"Pritsker","year":"1969","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2023.106489","article-title":"Metaheuristics for the bi-objective resource-constrained project scheduling problem with time-dependent resource costs: An experimental comparison","volume":"163","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Ballesteros","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0039","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2013\u202fIEEE 17th international conference on computer supported cooperative work in design (CSCWD)","first-page":"31","article-title":"Cooperative discrete particle swarms for multi-mode resource-constrained projects","author":"Shen","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(97)00348-2","article-title":"Solving multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problems by a simple, general and powerful sequencing algorithm","volume":"107","author":"Sprecher","year":"1998","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01545587","article-title":"An exact algorithm for project scheduling with multiple modes","volume":"19","author":"Sprecher","year":"1997","journal-title":"OR Spektrum"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.28.10.1197","article-title":"Resource-constrained project scheduling with time-resource tradeoffs: The nonpreemptive case","volume":"28","author":"Talbot","year":"1982","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s10732-010-9152-0","article-title":"Using resource scarceness characteristics to solve the multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem","volume":"17","author":"Van Peteghem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Heuristics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.10.012","article-title":"An experimental investigation of metaheuristics for the multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem on new dataset instances","volume":"235","author":"Van Peteghem","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_bib0045","series-title":"Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms: Classifications, analyses, and new innovations","author":"Van Veldhuizen","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.114475","article-title":"Multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling with uncertain activity cost","volume":"168","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2018.11.031","article-title":"An effective mirror-based genetic algorithm for scheduling multi-mode resource constrained projects","volume":"127","author":"Zamanii","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2007.892759","article-title":"MOEA\/D: A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0049","series-title":"Evolutionary algorithms for multiobjective optimization: Methods and applications","author":"Zitzler","year":"1999"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1162\/106365600568202","article-title":"Comparison of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms: Empirical results","volume":"8","author":"Zitzler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Evolutionary Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0051","series-title":"Technical Report","article-title":"SPEA2: Improving the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm","author":"Zitzler","year":"2001"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955_sbref0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2003.810758","article-title":"Performance assessment of multiobjective optimizers: An analysis and review","volume":"7","author":"Zitzler","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation"}],"container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0957417425045701?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0957417425045701?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T07:54:11Z","timestamp":1772265251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0957417425045701"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0957417425045701"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-4174","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem with time-dependent resource costs and capacities: A bi-objective approach","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Expert Systems with Applications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130955","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"130955"}}