{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:05:53Z","timestamp":1780581953169,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFE0202700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFE0202700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2433216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2433216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014786","name":"Northern Border University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014786","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20231337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20231337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T16:09:51Z","timestamp":1769616591000},"page":"131324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Construction of cosine-based intuitionistic fuzzy similarity measures: Applications in decision making and attribute reduction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"311","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7983-706X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Jabir","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7217-7962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Akram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0666-9269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasser Aedh","family":"Alreshidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8072-9007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiping","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8965","DOI":"10.1007\/s12190-025-02611-z","article-title":"Evaluation of renewable energy projects aligned with sustainability goals using a dual spherical fuzzy rough number cloud-based decision-making approach","volume":"71","author":"Akram","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.12.008","article-title":"Aggregation of infinite chains of intuitionistic fuzzy sets and their application to choices with temporal intuitionistic fuzzy information","volume":"514","author":"Alcantud","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218283","article-title":"Analysis of survival for lung cancer resections cases with fuzzy and soft set theory in surgical decision making","volume":"14","author":"Alcantud","year":"2019","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(86)80034-3","article-title":"Intuitionistic fuzzy sets","volume":"20","author":"Atanassov","year":"1986","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets and Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2015.04.028","article-title":"Monotonic similarity measures between intuitionistic fuzzy sets and their relationship with entropy and inclusion measure","volume":"316","author":"Deng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2744","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2834390","article-title":"Deep neuro-cognitive co-evolution for fuzzy attribute reduction by quantum leaping pso with nearest-neighbor memeplexes","volume":"49","author":"Ding","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2023.101880","article-title":"FtransCNN: Fusing transformer and a cnn based on fuzzy logic for uncertain medical image segmentation","volume":"99","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Information Fusion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2024.108522","article-title":"Similarity measure on intuitionistic fuzzy sets based on benchmark line and its diverse applications","volume":"133","author":"Dutta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2024.110537","article-title":"An extended group decision-making algorithm with intuitionistic fuzzy set information distance measures and their applications","volume":"197","author":"Garg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2022.109052","article-title":"Recognition of cancer mediating biomarkers using rough approximations enabled intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets based similarity measure","volume":"124","author":"Ghosh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5557","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22802","article-title":"Two new similarity measures for intuitionistic fuzzy sets and its various applications","volume":"37","author":"Gohain","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7805","DOI":"10.1002\/int.22608","article-title":"Construction and generation of distance and similarity measures for intuitionistic fuzzy sets and various applications","volume":"36","author":"Gohain","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.127235","article-title":"A comprehensive survey on techniques for numerical similarity measurement","author":"Gupta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.123835","article-title":"A novel knowledge-based similarity measure on intuitionistic fuzzy sets and its applications in pattern recognition","volume":"249","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2004.06.006","article-title":"Similarity measures of intuitionistic fuzzy sets based on hausdorff distance","volume":"25","author":"Hung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2024.121310","article-title":"Sustainable renewable energy systems with entropy based step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis and combined compromise solution","volume":"235","author":"Jameel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Renewable Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2023.119811","article-title":"Color image enhancement technique based on interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set","volume":"653","author":"Jebadass","year":"2024","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1109\/TETCI.2022.3231657","article-title":"A lightweight multimode medical image fusion method using similarity measure between intuitionistic fuzzy sets joint laplacian pyramid","volume":"7","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.3390\/math10081297","article-title":"A new approach for normal parameter reduction using \u03c3-algebraic soft sets and its application in multi-attribute decision making","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128956","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2940484","article-title":"A novel approach to parameter reduction of fuzzy soft set","volume":"7","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1007\/s40314-020-01279-4","article-title":"New algorithms for parameter reduction of intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets","volume":"39","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computational and Applied Mathematics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2025.111809","article-title":"Construction methods for entropy measures of circular intuitionistic fuzzy sets and their application","volume":"160","author":"Khan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2024.121291","article-title":"An infrared and visible image fusion using knowledge measures for intuitionistic fuzzy sets and swin transformer","volume":"684","author":"Khan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12060977","article-title":"The renewable energy source selection by remoteness index-based vikor method for generalized intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets","volume":"12","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.11.021","article-title":"The relationship between similarity measure and entropy of intuitionistic fuzzy sets","volume":"188","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2013.03.008","article-title":"Some new approaches to constructing similarity measures","volume":"234","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets and Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120221","article-title":"Analysis of distance measures in intuitionistic fuzzy set theory: A line integral perspective","volume":"226","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-023-09474-1","article-title":"A novel similarity measure for intuitionistic fuzzy sets and its application to pattern recognition","volume":"28","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soft Computing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2020.3039335","article-title":"Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets based decision-making and parameter reduction","volume":"30","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems"},{"issue":"03","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219622023500323","article-title":"A hybrid dematel-topsis approach using 2-tuple linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy information and its application in renewable energy resource selection","volume":"23","author":"Naz","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2018.2881644","article-title":"Fuzzy control systems: Past, present and future","volume":"14","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.5391\/JKIIS.2009.19.4.556","article-title":"Distance measure between intuitionistic fuzzy sets and its application to pattern recognition","volume":"19","author":"Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.121491","article-title":"Construction of similarity measure for intuitionistic fuzzy sets and its application in face recognition and software quality evaluation","volume":"237","author":"Patel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3163","DOI":"10.3390\/math11143163","article-title":"A parametric family of fuzzy similarity measures for intuitionistic fuzzy sets","volume":"11","author":"Qayyum","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.121106","article-title":"A Euclidean distance-based parameter reduction algorithm for interval-valued fuzzy soft sets","volume":"234","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.3390\/math11092186","article-title":"Efficient decision making for sustainable energy using single-valued neutrosophic prioritized interactive aggregation operators","volume":"11","author":"Riaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1007\/s40815-022-01383-z","article-title":"Cubic bipolar fuzzy-vikor method using new distance and entropy measures and einstein averaging aggregation operators with application to renewable energy","volume":"25","author":"Riaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Fuzzy Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62099-8","article-title":"Covering assisted intuitionistic fuzzy bi-selection technique for data reduction and its applications","volume":"14","author":"Saini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jii.2024.100700","article-title":"Novel decision making approach for sustainable renewable energy resources with cloud fuzzy numbers","volume":"42","author":"Sarwar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Industrial Information Integration"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(98)00244-9","article-title":"Distances between intuitionistic fuzzy sets","volume":"114","author":"Szmidt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets and Systems"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3980","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2958635","article-title":"A distance measure for intuitionistic fuzzy sets and its application to pattern classification problems","volume":"51","author":"Xiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2025.109512","article-title":"Constructing intuitionistic neighborhood based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets for three-way clustering","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Approximate Reasoning"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2010.07.022","article-title":"Cosine similarity measures for intuitionistic fuzzy sets and their applications","volume":"53","author":"Ye","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mathematical and Computer Modelling"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0044","first-page":"151","article-title":"Similarity measures of intuitionistic fuzzy sets based on cosine function for the decision making of mechanical design schemes","volume":"30","author":"Ye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","article-title":"Fuzzy sets","volume":"8","author":"Zadeh","year":"1965","journal-title":"Information and Control"}],"container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S095741742600237X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S095741742600237X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:05:30Z","timestamp":1777597530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S095741742600237X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S095741742600237X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-4174","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Construction of cosine-based intuitionistic fuzzy similarity measures: Applications in decision making and attribute reduction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Expert Systems with Applications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131324","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"131324"}}