{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T18:14:43Z","timestamp":1778782483498,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023ZD02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZD02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009149","name":"National Center of Competence in Research Quantum Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023KTSCX253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KTSCX253"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009149","name":"National Center of Competence in Research Quantum Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024KTSCX153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024KTSCX153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017630","name":"Ministry of Education of the People&apos;s Republic of China Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23YJCZH291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23YJCZH291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017630","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T16:06:29Z","timestamp":1772294789000},"page":"131804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["BEED-VCS: High-fidelity non-expansive visual cryptography scheme based on block encryption and error diffusion"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"316","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8408-2152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangrong","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4321-2621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heqing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8662-2438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4153-6724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denghui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21075","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2820603","article-title":"Efficient quantum information hiding for remote medical image sharing","volume":"6","author":"Abd El-Latif","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3975(99)00127-9","article-title":"Extended capabilities for visual cryptography","volume":"250","author":"Ateniese","year":"2001","journal-title":"Theoretical Computer Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0003","series-title":"Technical Report","article-title":"Recommendation for the triple data encryption algorithm (TDEA) block cipher","author":"Barker","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0004","series-title":"Workshop record of SASC","first-page":"3","article-title":"Chacha, a variant of salsa20","volume":"vol. 8","author":"Bernstein","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0005","series-title":"Low-complexity single-image super-resolution based on nonnegative neighbor embedding","author":"Bevilacqua","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3390\/info11020125","article-title":"Albumentations: fast and flexible image augmentations","volume":"11","author":"Buslaev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Information"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0007","series-title":"2016 2nd international conference on artificial intelligence and industrial engineering (AIIE 2016)","first-page":"433","article-title":"Secure QR code scheme based on visual cryptography","author":"Cao","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11782","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2797872","article-title":"Automatic contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization with dual gamma correction","volume":"6","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0009","series-title":"2014\u202fIEEE students\u2019 conference on electrical, electronics and computer science","first-page":"1","article-title":"Signature based authentication using contrast enhanced hierarchical visual cryptography","author":"Chavan","year":"2014"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2018.2819125","article-title":"Improved visual secret sharing scheme for QR code applications","volume":"13","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1093\/comjnl\/bxh152","article-title":"Probabilistic visual cryptography schemes","volume":"49","author":"Cimato","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Computer Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0012","unstructured":"Company, E. K. (1999). Kodak Lossless True Color Image Suite. http:\/\/r0k.us\/graphics\/kodak\/. Accessed: 2024-06-29."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0013","first-page":"2567","article-title":"Image quality assessment: Unifying structure and texture similarity","volume":"44","author":"Ding","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.23919\/cje.2022.00.339","article-title":"A secure mutual authentication protocol based on visual cryptography technique for iot-cloud","volume":"33","author":"Ehuil","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Electronics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0015","first-page":"13906","article-title":"Secret sharing approaches for 3d object encryption","volume":"38","author":"Elsheh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0016","series-title":"Proc. soc. inf. disp.","first-page":"75","article-title":"An adaptive algorithm for spatial gray-scale","volume":"vol. 17","author":"Floyd","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0017","series-title":"2017\u202fIEEE 31st international conference on advanced information networking and applications (AINA)","first-page":"803","article-title":"A proposal of a secure p2p-type storage scheme by using the secret sharing and the blockchain","author":"Fukumitsu","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0018","series-title":"Emerging technologies in data mining and information security: Proceedings of IEMIS 2022, volume 1","first-page":"637","article-title":"Remote authentication of fingerprints using meaningful visual cryptography","author":"Goon","year":"2022"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-4858(10)70006-4","article-title":"Advanced encryption standard (AES)","volume":"2009","author":"Heron","year":"2009","journal-title":"Network Security"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0020","series-title":"2010 20th international conference on pattern recognition","first-page":"2366","article-title":"Image quality metrics: PSNR vs. SSIM","author":"Hore","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.01.006","article-title":"Block-based progressive visual secret sharing","volume":"233","author":"Hou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Information Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1979.1163188","article-title":"A fast two-dimensional median filtering algorithm","volume":"27","author":"Huang","year":"1979","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0023","series-title":"Digital image processing","author":"J\u00e4hne","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-664X(76)80003-2","article-title":"A survey of techniques for the display of continuous tone pictures on bilevel displays","volume":"5","author":"Jarvis","year":"1976","journal-title":"Computer Graphics and Image Processing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.12.000377","article-title":"Encryption of pictures and shapes by random grids","volume":"12","author":"Kafri","year":"1987","journal-title":"Optics Letters"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1007\/s00145-015-9226-0","article-title":"Secret-sharing for NP","volume":"30","author":"Komargodski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Cryptology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvlc.2013.11.001","article-title":"A new visual cryptography with multi-level encoding","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Visual Languages & Computing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2017.2777881","article-title":"Robust image fingerprinting via distortion-resistant sparse coding","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.04.051","article-title":"A novel visual secret sharing scheme for multiple secrets without pixel expansion","volume":"37","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2011.11.003","article-title":"Improving the visual quality of size invariant visual cryptography scheme","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2020.102971","article-title":"A novel (k1, k2, n)-threshold two-in-one secret image sharing scheme for multiple secrets","volume":"74","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0032","article-title":"New linear cryptanalysis of chinese commercial block cipher standard SM4","volume":"2017","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Security and Communication Networks"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0033","series-title":"International workshop on digital watermarking","first-page":"60","article-title":"Multiple watermarking in visual cryptography","author":"Luo","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0034","series-title":"Secure 2d barcodes based on visual cryptography","author":"Moretto","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0035","series-title":"Color gamut mapping","author":"Morovi\u010d","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0036","series-title":"Advances in cryptology-EUROCRYPT\u201994: Workshop on the theory and application of cryptographic techniques Perugia, Italy, May 9\u201312, 1994 proceedings 13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Visual cryptography","author":"Naor","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0037","series-title":"Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques","first-page":"567","article-title":"A simple and efficient error-diffusion algorithm","author":"Ostromoukhov","year":"2001"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JEI.31.6.063028","article-title":"Reversible data hiding scheme using deep learning and visual cryptography for medical image communication","volume":"31","author":"Rajesh Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Electronic Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2020.011226","article-title":"Secret image communication scheme based on visual cryptography and tetrolet tiling patterns","volume":"65","author":"RajeshKumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computers, Materials & Continua"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0040","series-title":"Tencon 2008-2008 IEEE region 10 conference","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fingerprint based authentication application using visual cryptography methods (improved id card)","author":"Rao","year":"2008"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7667","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-11871-9","article-title":"A QR code-based user-friendly visual cryptography scheme","volume":"12","author":"Ren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpro.2022.104540","article-title":"Toward privacy protection of sensed biometric features with extended visual cryptography","volume":"91","author":"Ren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microprocessors and Microsystems"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4150","DOI":"10.3390\/app15084150","article-title":"Integrating visual cryptography for efficient and secure image sharing on social networks","volume":"15","author":"Ren","year":"2025","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VLSI.0000028532.53893.82","article-title":"Realization of the contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) for real-time image enhancement","volume":"38","author":"Reza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems for Signal, Image and Video Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1145\/359340.359342","article-title":"A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems","volume":"21","author":"Rivest","year":"1978","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0046","series-title":"MECCA: a multiple-error correction computation algorithm for bi-level image hardcopy reproduction","author":"Stucki","year":"1981"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1145\/103085.103089","article-title":"The JPEG still picture compression standard","volume":"34","author":"Wallace","year":"1991","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0048","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2016\u202fACM SIGSAC conference on computer and communications security","first-page":"603","article-title":"On the security and usability of segment-based visual cryptographic authentication protocols","author":"Wang","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0049","series-title":"Digital forensics and watermarking: 16th international workshop, IWDW 2017, Magdeburg, Germany, August 23\u201325, 2017, proceedings 16","first-page":"406","article-title":"Temporal integration based visual cryptography scheme and its application","author":"Wang","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0050","series-title":"Proceedings of 2010\u202fIEEE international symposium on circuits and systems","first-page":"1695","article-title":"Resolution variant visual cryptography for street view of Google maps","author":"Weir","year":"2010"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSS.2022.3218883","article-title":"Apcas: Autonomous privacy control and authentication sharing in social networks","volume":"10","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2022.103631","article-title":"Block-based progressive visual cryptography scheme with uniform progressive recovery and consistent background","volume":"88","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2020.102793","article-title":"Probabilistic color visual cryptography schemes for black and white secret images","volume":"70","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2021.108122","article-title":"Extended XOR-based visual cryptography schemes by integer linear program","volume":"186","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Processing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2874378","article-title":"Improving the visual quality of size-invariant visual cryptography for grayscale images: an analysis-by-synthesis (abs) approach","volume":"28","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0056","series-title":"Improving image quality in visual cryptography","author":"Yan","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0057","series-title":"Cryptography: Breakthroughs in research and practice","first-page":"416","article-title":"Exploiting the homomorphic property of visual cryptography","author":"Yan","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2003.12.011","article-title":"New visual secret sharing schemes using probabilistic method","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0059","series-title":"International conference on curves and surfaces","first-page":"711","article-title":"On single image scale-up using sparse-representations","author":"Zeyde","year":"2010"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16279","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3351988","article-title":"Stbciot: Securing the transmission of biometric images in customer IoT","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1049\/cit2.12164","article-title":"Privacy-preserving remote sensing images recognition based on limited visual cryptography","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37510-z","article-title":"Meta-optics empowered vector visual cryptography for high security and rapid decryption","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0063","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition","first-page":"586","article-title":"The unreasonable effectiveness of deep features as a perceptual metric","author":"Zhang","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.118655","article-title":"The unified image cryptography algorithm based on finite group","volume":"212","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"}],"container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0957417426007177?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0957417426007177?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T17:51:04Z","timestamp":1778781064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0957417426007177"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S0957417426007177"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-4174","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"BEED-VCS: High-fidelity non-expansive visual cryptography scheme based on block encryption and error diffusion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Expert Systems with Applications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.131804","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"131804"}}