{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:53:46Z","timestamp":1781740426138,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T17:08:00Z","timestamp":1775754480000},"page":"132374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Modeling heterophily in multiplex graphs: An adaptive approach for node classification"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"323","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4063-6069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamel","family":"Abdous","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6517-0292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nairouz","family":"Mrabah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0851-8889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Bouguessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0001","series-title":"Proceedings of the 33rd ACM international conference on information and knowledge management","first-page":"4","article-title":"A geometric perspective for high-dimensional multiplex graphs","author":"Abdous","year":"2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2023.3305809","article-title":"Hierarchical aggregations for high-dimensional multiplex graph embedding","volume":"36","author":"Abdous","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0003","series-title":"International conference on machine learning","first-page":"21","article-title":"MixHop: Higher-order graph convolutional architectures via sparsified neighborhood mixing","author":"Abu-El-Haija","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-018-0777-7","article-title":"Heterophily in social groups formation: A social network analysis","volume":"53","author":"Barranco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Quality & Quantity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1140\/epjst\/e2016-60274-8","article-title":"The new challenges of multiplex networks: Measures and models","volume":"226","author":"Battiston","year":"2017","journal-title":"The European Physical Journal Special Topics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s11280-012-0190-4","article-title":"Multidimensional networks: Foundations of structural analysis","volume":"16","author":"Berlingerio","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Wide Web"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3080574","article-title":"Mining community structures in multidimensional networks","volume":"11","author":"Boutemine","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0008","series-title":"International conference on knowledge discovery and data mining","first-page":"1358","article-title":"Representation learning for attributed multiplex heterogeneous network","author":"Cen","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0009","series-title":"The twelfth international conference on learning representations","article-title":"PolyGCL: Graph contrastive learning via learnable spectral polynomial filters","author":"Chen","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0010","series-title":"The ninth international conference on learning representations","article-title":"Adaptive universal generalized pagerank graph neural network","author":"Chien","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0011","first-page":"3844","article-title":"Convolutional neural networks on graphs with fast localized spectral filtering","volume":"29","author":"Defferrard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Advances on Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93540","DOI":"10.52202\/079017-2966","article-title":"Unifying homophily and heterophily for spectral graph neural networks via triple filter ensembles","volume":"37","author":"Duan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0013","first-page":"7264","article-title":"Convolutional neural networks on graphs with chebyshev approximation, revisited","volume":"35","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Advances on Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0014","series-title":"The web conference","first-page":"507","article-title":"Ups and downs: Modeling the visual evolution of fashion trends with one-class collaborative filtering","author":"He","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0015","series-title":"The seventh international conference on learning representations","article-title":"Learning deep representations by mutual information estimation and maximization","author":"Hjelm","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0016","first-page":"22118","article-title":"Open graph benchmark: Datasets for machine learning on graphs","volume":"33","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.124460","article-title":"Multi-view discriminative edge heterophily contrastive learning network for attributed graph anomaly detection","volume":"255","author":"Jin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0018","series-title":"International conference on information & knowledge management","first-page":"894","article-title":"X-GOAL: Multiplex heterogeneous graph prototypical contrastive learning","author":"Jing","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0019","series-title":"The web conference","first-page":"2414","article-title":"HDMI: High-order deep multiplex infomax","author":"Jing","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0020","first-page":"20887","article-title":"Large scale learning on non-homophilous graphs: New benchmarks and strong simple methods","volume":"34","author":"Lim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.125274","article-title":"Beyond homophily: Neighborhood distribution-guided graph convolutional networks","volume":"259","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0022","series-title":"AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"4516","article-title":"Beyond smoothing: Unsupervised graph representation learning with edge heterophily discriminating","volume":"vol. 37","author":"Liu","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0023","first-page":"1362","article-title":"Revisiting heterophily for graph neural networks","volume":"35","author":"Luan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0024","series-title":"International conference on data mining","first-page":"657","article-title":"Multi-dimensional graph convolutional networks","author":"Ma","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0025","series-title":"International conference on knowledge discovery and data mining","first-page":"1234","article-title":"Semi-supervised deep learning for multiplex networks","author":"Mitra","year":"2021"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12814","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2023.3268069","article-title":"Multiplex graph representation learning via dual correlation reduction","volume":"35","author":"Mo","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0027","series-title":"International conference on machine learning","first-page":"24983","article-title":"Disentangled multiplex graph representation learning","author":"Mo","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0028","series-title":"International joint conference on artificial intelligence (IJCAI)","first-page":"3351","article-title":"Escaping feature twist: A variational graph auto-encoder for node clustering","author":"Mrabah","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2023.110209","article-title":"A contrastive variational graph auto-encoder for node clustering","volume":"149","author":"Mrabah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9037","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2022.3220948","article-title":"Rethinking graph auto-encoder models for attributed graph clustering","volume":"35","author":"Mrabah","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3978","article-title":"The bioGRID database: A comprehensive biomedical resource of curated protein, genetic, and chemical interactions","volume":"30","author":"Oughtred","year":"2021","journal-title":"Protein Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0032","series-title":"International conference on machine learning","first-page":"26868","article-title":"Beyond homophily: Reconstructing structure for graph-agnostic clustering","author":"Pan","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0033","series-title":"AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"5371","article-title":"Unsupervised attributed multiplex network embedding","volume":"vol. 34","author":"Park","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-87987-1","article-title":"MultiVERSE: A multiplex and multiplex-heterogeneous network embedding approach","volume":"11","author":"Pio-Lopez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0035","series-title":"The web conference","first-page":"578","article-title":"Semi-supervised embedding of attributed multiplex networks","author":"Sadikaj","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0036","first-page":"31629","article-title":"Beyond redundancy: Information-aware unsupervised multiplex graph structure learning","volume":"37","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0037","series-title":"2024 IEEE 40th international conference on data engineering (ICDE)","first-page":"2379","article-title":"Breaking the entanglement of homophily and heterophily in semi-supervised node classification","author":"Sun","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0038","series-title":"International conference on data mining","first-page":"1306","article-title":"Multi-graph convolution collaborative filtering","author":"Sun","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0039","series-title":"Proceedings of the 15th ACMSIGKDD international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining","first-page":"807","article-title":"Social influence analysis in large-scale networks","author":"Tang","year":"2009"},{"issue":"86","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0040","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"van der Maaten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120552","article-title":"A graph-enhanced attention model for community detection in multiplex networks","volume":"230","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0042","series-title":"International conference on machine learning","first-page":"23341","article-title":"How powerful are spectral graph neural networks","author":"Wang","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0043","unstructured":"Zheng, X., Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Li, M., Zhang, M., Jin, D., Yu, P. S., & Pan, S. (2022). Graph neural networks for graphs with heterophily: A survey. arXiv: 2202.07082."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_sbref0044","article-title":"Unsupervised network embedding beyond homophily","author":"Zhong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transactions on Machine Learning Research (TMLR)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0045","series-title":"AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"11168","article-title":"Graph neural networks with heterophily","volume":"vol. 35","author":"Zhu","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374_bib0046","first-page":"7793","article-title":"Beyond homophily in graph neural networks: Current limitations and effective designs","volume":"33","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"}],"container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S095741742601287X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S095741742601287X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:23:48Z","timestamp":1781738628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S095741742601287X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S095741742601287X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-4174","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Modeling heterophily in multiplex graphs: An adaptive approach for node classification","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Expert Systems with Applications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.132374","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"132374"}}