{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:39:08Z","timestamp":1792726748791,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T05:25:40Z","timestamp":1784179540000},"page":"133645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"PD","title":["Uncertainty-aware prototype consolidation for unsupervised aerial person re-identification under varying heights"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"332","author":[{"given":"Hongxu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhizhi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuli","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0310-4679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3883-2024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhuang","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0001","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"1054","article-title":"Unsupervised group re-identification via adaptive clustering-driven progressive learning","volume":"vol. 38","author":"Chen","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0002","series-title":"Proceedings of the 30th ACM international conference on multimedia","first-page":"2565","article-title":"Rotation invariant transformer for recognizing object in UAVs","author":"Chen","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2024.110359","article-title":"Camera-aware cluster-instance joint online learning for unsupervised person re-identification","volume":"151","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0004","series-title":"Proceedings of the asian conference on computer vision","first-page":"1142","article-title":"Cluster contrast for unsupervised person re-identification","author":"Dai","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0005","unstructured":"van den, O. A., Li, Y., & Vinyals, O. (2018). Representation learning with contrastive predictive coding. arXiv preprint arXiv: 1807.03748."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0006","series-title":"Ieee conference on computer vision and pattern recognition","first-page":"248","article-title":"ImageNet: A large-scale hierarchical image database","author":"Deng","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0007","series-title":"Knowledge discovery and data mining","first-page":"226","article-title":"A density-based algorithm for discovering clusters in large spatial databases with noise","volume":"vol. 96","author":"Ester","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0008","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition","first-page":"14750","article-title":"Unsupervised pre-training for person re-identification","author":"Fu","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0009","first-page":"11309","article-title":"Self-paced contrastive learning with hybrid memory for domain adaptive object re-id","volume":"33","author":"Ge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4253","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2025.3538766","article-title":"Instruct-reid++: Towards universal purpose instruction-guided person re-identification","volume":"47","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2023.109973","article-title":"Transfer easy to hard: Adversarial contrastive feature learning for unsupervised person re-identification","volume":"145","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2021.108514","article-title":"Unsupervised cross-domain person re-identification by instance and distribution alignment","volume":"124","author":"Lan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0013","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF international conference on computer vision","first-page":"11453","article-title":"Camera-driven representation learning for unsupervised domain adaptive person re-identification","author":"Lee","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0014","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"3091","article-title":"Catalyst for clustering-based unsupervised object re-identification: Feature calibration","volume":"vol. 38","author":"Li","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0015","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition","first-page":"16266","article-title":"Uav-Human: A large benchmark for human behavior understanding with unmanned aerial vehicles","author":"Li","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0016","series-title":"The thirty-ninth annual conference on neural information processing systems","article-title":"Learning source-free domain adaptation for visible-infrared person re-identification","author":"Li","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2025.3536613","article-title":"Robust duality learning for unsupervised visible-infrared person re-identification","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130793","article-title":"Occluded person re-identification via feature enhancement and contextual refinement","volume":"304","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.128092","article-title":"Image-text semantic learning for unsupervised cross-resolution person re-identification","volume":"286","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6910","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2024.3426351","article-title":"Improving consistency of proxy-level contrastive learning for unsupervised person re-identification","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2025.113195","article-title":"Camera-aware embedding refinement for unsupervised person re-identification","volume":"314","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Knowledge-Based Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1982.1056489","article-title":"Least squares quantization in PCM","volume":"28","author":"Lloyd","year":"1982","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0023","unstructured":"Luo, H., Wang, P., Xu, Y., Ding, F., Zhou, Y., Wang, F., Li, H., & Jin, R. (2021). Self-supervised pre-training for transformer-based person re-identification. arXiv preprint arXiv: 2111.12084."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2024.124317","article-title":"Guaranteed cost attitude tracking control for uncertain quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle under safety constraints","volume":"11","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE\/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0025","series-title":"Proceedings of the computer vision and pattern recognition conference","first-page":"1241","article-title":"Ag-VPReID: A challenging large-scale benchmark for aerial-ground video-based person re-identification","author":"Nguyen","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0026","series-title":"Ieee international conference on multimedia and expo","first-page":"2585","article-title":"Aerial-ground person re-ID","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2944","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2025.3550063","article-title":"Joint augmentation and part learning for unsupervised clothing change person re-identification","volume":"20","author":"Pang","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2024.110360","article-title":"Adapt only once: Fast unsupervised person re-identification via relevance-aware guidance","volume":"150","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0029","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"6452","article-title":"Cde-Learning: Camera deviation elimination learning for unsupervised person re-identification","volume":"vol. 39","author":"Peng","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0030","series-title":"2024\u202fIEEE International conference on multimedia and expo (ICME)","article-title":"Salient part-aligned and keypoint disentangling transformer for person re-identification in aerial imagery","author":"Qiu","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2024.111217","article-title":"Camera-aware graph multi-domain adaptive learning for unsupervised person re-identification","volume":"161","author":"Ran","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0706851105","article-title":"Maps of random walks on complex networks reveal community structure","volume":"105","author":"Martin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0033","series-title":"2024\u202fIEEE International conference on multimedia and expo (ICME)","article-title":"Rotation exploration transformer for aerial person re-identification","author":"Wang","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0034","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"2764","article-title":"Camera-aware proxies for unsupervised person re-identification","volume":"vol. 35","author":"Wang","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0035","series-title":"Proceedings of the computer vision and pattern recognition conference","first-page":"22119","article-title":"SeCap: Self-calibrating and adaptive prompts for cross-view person re-identification in aerial-ground networks","author":"Wang","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0036","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"8150","article-title":"MambaPro: Multi-modal object re-identification with mamba aggregation and synergistic prompt","volume":"vol. 39","author":"Wang","year":"2025"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2024.124920","article-title":"Hazard-aware weighted advantage combination for UAV target tracking and obstacle avoidance","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE\/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3815","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2025.3541053","article-title":"Dual-level matching with outlier filtering for unsupervised visible-infrared person re-identification","volume":"47","author":"Ye","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2023.3266166","article-title":"A real-time memory updating strategy for unsupervised person re-identification","volume":"32","author":"Yin","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.130466","article-title":"Text-based group re-identification: Database construction, feature enhancement, alignment, and matching","volume":"302","author":"Yu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.126968","article-title":"Mixed granularity network for person re-identification","volume":"275","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0042","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition","first-page":"22000","article-title":"View-decoupled transformer for person re-identification under aerial-ground camera network","author":"Zhang","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0043","series-title":"European conference on computer vision","first-page":"270","article-title":"Cross-platform video person reid: A new benchmark dataset and adaptation approach","author":"Zhang","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2020.2977528","article-title":"Person re-identification in aerial imagery","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2025.112238","article-title":"Ada framework for unsupervised domain adaptation person re-identification","volume":"171","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0046","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition","first-page":"7369","article-title":"Implicit sample extension for unsupervised person re-identification","author":"Zhang","year":"2022"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0047","first-page":"2723","article-title":"Learning to adapt invariance in memory for person re-identification","volume":"43","author":"Zhong","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2025.128071","article-title":"Dynamic sampling strategy for enhanced person re-identification across multiple cameras","volume":"285","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645_bib0049","series-title":"European conference on computer vision","first-page":"198","article-title":"PASS: Part-aware self-supervised pre-training for person re-identification","author":"Zhu","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0957417426025534?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0957417426025534?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:08:59Z","timestamp":1792724939000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0957417426025534"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0957417426025534"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-4174","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Uncertainty-aware prototype consolidation for unsupervised aerial person re-identification under varying heights","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Expert Systems with Applications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2026.133645","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"133645"}}