{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:23:17Z","timestamp":1780410197699,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Future Generation Computer Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T15:11:43Z","timestamp":1778339503000},"page":"108572","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Preparing research software engineers to become security champions: Development and evaluation of a security awareness workshop"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"183","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3145-6468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7824-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey C.","family":"Carver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1701-0008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reed","family":"Milewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.22803","article-title":"What is societal impact of research and how can it be assessed? A literature survey","volume":"64","author":"Bornmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b2","article-title":"The future of research software is the future of research","volume":"6","author":"Hong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Patterns"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1093\/reseval\/rvv014","article-title":"Understanding the scientific software ecosystem and its impact: Current and future measures","volume":"24","author":"Howison","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res. Eval."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Yates Monteith, John D. McGregor, John E. Ingram, Scientific research software ecosystems, in: Proceedings of the 2014 European Conference on Software Architecture Workshops, 2014, pp. 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1145\/2642803.2642812"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b5","series-title":"Impact of Scientific Computing on Science and Society","author":"Neittaanm\u00e4ki","year":"2023"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1145\/3676485","article-title":"The boundary hunters","volume":"67","author":"Cerf","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1145\/3749367","article-title":"Durable engines of discovery","volume":"68","author":"Dongarra","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2020EA001562","article-title":"From open data to open science","volume":"8","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Earth Space Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3233\/DS-190026","article-title":"Towards FAIR principles for research software","volume":"3","author":"Lamprecht","year":"2020","journal-title":"Data Sci."},{"issue":"FSE","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1145\/3729369","article-title":"Scientific Open-Source software is less likely to become abandoned than one might think! lessons from curating a catalog of maintained scientific software","volume":"2","author":"Thakur","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. ACM Softw. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b11","series-title":"Digital Research 2012","article-title":"The research software engineer","author":"Baxter","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2020.2973362","article-title":"The four pillars of research software engineering","volume":"38","author":"Cohen","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Softw."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3084225","article-title":"Bridging the chasm: A survey of software engineering practice in scientific programming","volume":"50","author":"Storer","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b14","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering","article-title":"A theory of scientific programming efficacy","author":"Pertseva","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2018.021651343","article-title":"Software engineering for computational science: Past, present, future","volume":"20","author":"Johanson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b16","series-title":"2021 IEEE\/ACM International Workshop on Body of Knowledge for Software Sustainability (BoKSS)","first-page":"23","article-title":"Sustaining research software via research software engineers and professional associations","author":"Carver","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj-cs.963","article-title":"A survey of the state of the practice for research software in the United States","volume":"8","author":"Carver","year":"2022","journal-title":"Peerj Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02353-0","article-title":"Research software engineering accelerates the translation of biomedical research for health","volume":"29","author":"Horsfall","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b19","series-title":"ExCALIBUR Project Research Software Engineer Knowledge Integration Landscape Review","author":"ExCALIBUR Design & Development Working Groups","year":"2021"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.5334\/jors.384","article-title":"What do we (not) know about research software engineering?","volume":"10","author":"Lamprecht","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Open Res. Softw."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2023.3260475","article-title":"Research software science: Expanding the impact of research software engineering","volume":"24","author":"Heroux","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1145\/3685265","article-title":"Investigating research software engineering: Toward RSE research","volume":"68","author":"Felderer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b23","article-title":"Future challenges for Research Software Engineering","volume":"85","author":"Goth","year":"2025","journal-title":"Electron. Commun. EASST"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2022.3221877","article-title":"A secure future for open-source computational science and engineering","volume":"24","author":"Milewicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/08839514.2022.2037254","article-title":"The emerging threat of ai-driven cyber attacks: A review","volume":"36","author":"Guembe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80218","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3300381","article-title":"From ChatGPT to ThreatGPT: Impact of generative AI in cybersecurity and privacy","volume":"11","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b27","first-page":"124","article-title":"Finding security champions in blends of organisational culture","volume":"11","author":"Becker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. USEC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b28","series-title":"Software Security Takes a Champion","author":"Asthana","year":"2019"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01663995","article-title":"Analysis of self-efficacy theory of behavioral change","volume":"1","author":"Bandura","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cogn. Ther. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-022-10252-0","article-title":"Incorporating software security: using developer workshops to engage product managers","volume":"28","author":"Weir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Empir. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b31","series-title":"The Secure Development Handbook","author":"Weir","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b32","series-title":"Research software engineering: Bridging knowledge gaps (dagstuhl seminar 24161)","author":"Druskat","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lars Michel, Tom Carnein, Markus von der Heyde, \u201cIt works on my research\u201d: An argument for prioritized software testing in research software, in: Proceedings of EUNIS, Vol. 107, 2025, pp. 364\u2013373.","DOI":"10.29007\/phr7"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.155879.2","article-title":"Strategic priorities and challenges in research software funding: Results from an international survey","volume":"13","author":"Jensen","year":"2025","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b35","series-title":"IBERGRID 2019 - Delivering Innovative Computing and Data Services to Researchers","article-title":"Baseline criteria for achieving software quality within the European research ecosystem","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b36","series-title":"Guide to Securing Scientific Software","author":"Heymann","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b37","article-title":"Research software as a new key performance indicator for evaluation in the Helmholtz Association","volume":"85","author":"Juckeland","year":"2025","journal-title":"Electron. Commun. EASST"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b38","series-title":"RSECon UK 2022","article-title":"Revisiting secure software engineering for research software","author":"Meinel","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b39","series-title":"Best Practices for Sharing Research Software: Frequently Asked Questions","author":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b40","article-title":"Quality characteristics for software in HPC environments: A systematic literature review","volume":"85","author":"L\u00fcttgens","year":"2025","journal-title":"Electron. Commun. EASST"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-024-10606-w","article-title":"Come for syntax, stay for speed, write secure code: an empirical study of security weaknesses in julia programs","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Empir. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Justin Murphy, Elias T Brady, Shazibul Islam Shamim, Akond Rahman, A curated dataset of security defects in scientific software projects, in: Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Hot Topics in the Science of Security, 2020, pp. 1\u20132.","DOI":"10.1145\/3384217.3384218"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b43","series-title":"Evaluating software supply chain security in research software","author":"Hegewald","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b44","article-title":"Software quality indicators: Extraction, categorisation and recommendations from canonical sources","author":"Martin del Pico","year":"2025","journal-title":"BioHackrXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b45","series-title":"Evaluating container security and reproducibility in research software engineering","author":"Mittal","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b46","series-title":"Operationalizing research software for supply chain security","author":"Kalu","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b47","series-title":"2021 IEEE\/ACM 2nd International Workshop on Engineering and Cybersecurity of Critical Systems (EnCyCriS)","first-page":"37","article-title":"Understanding developer security archetypes","author":"Ryan","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tyler W Thomas, Madiha Tabassum, Bill Chu, Heather Lipford, Security during application development: An application security expert perspective, in: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2018, pp. 1\u201312.","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173836"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b49","series-title":"Future of Information and Communication Conference","first-page":"796","article-title":"Establishing a security champion in agile software teams: A systematic literature review","author":"Aalvik","year":"2023"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1142\/S1363919604000964","article-title":"How do corporate champions promote innovations?","volume":"8","author":"Jenssen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Innov. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b51","series-title":"Self-efficacy: The theory at the heart of human agency","author":"Weir","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nele Borgert, Luisa Jansen, Imke B\u00f6se, Jennifer Friedauer, M Angela Sasse, Malte Elson, Self-efficacy and security behavior: results from a systematic review of research methods, in: Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2024, pp. 1\u201332.","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642432"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-3723(11)70082-3","article-title":"Selecting security champions","volume":"2011","author":"Gabriel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comput. Fraud Secur."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Julie M. Haney, Wayne G. Lutters, Motivating cybersecurity advocates: Implications for recruitment and retention, in: Proceedings of the 2019 on Computers and People Research Conference, 2019, pp. 109\u2013117.","DOI":"10.1145\/3322385.3322388"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2892","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2023.3235684","article-title":"Dasp: A framework for driving the adoption of software security practices","volume":"49","author":"Larios-Vargas","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uta Menges, Jonas Hielscher, Laura Kocksch, Annette Kluge, M Angela Sasse, Caring not scaring-an evaluation of a workshop to train apprentices as security champions, in: Proceedings of the 2023 European Symposium on Usable Security, 2023, pp. 237\u2013252.","DOI":"10.1145\/3617072.3617099"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b57","series-title":"Principles of Organizational Behavior: The Handbook of Evidence-Based Management","first-page":"113","article-title":"Cultivate self-efficacy for personal and organizational effectiveness","author":"Bandura","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daniel Votipka, Desiree Abrokwa, Michelle L. Mazurek, Building and validating a scale for secure software development self-efficacy, in: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2020, pp. 1\u201320.","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376754"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326985ep2802_3","article-title":"Perceived Self-Efficacy in cognitive development and functioning","volume":"28","author":"Bandura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b60","first-page":"72","article-title":"Future self-continuity is associated with improved health and increases exercise behavior","volume":"24","author":"Rutchick","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol.: Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2024.108217","article-title":"\u201cLetter to my future self\u201d as a device for assessing health education effectiveness","volume":"123","author":"Warmath","year":"2024","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/00220973.1993.9943832","article-title":"Relative power of the Wilcoxon test, the Friedman test, and repeated-measures ANOVA on ranks","volume":"62","author":"Zimmerman","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Exp. Educ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b63","series-title":"Rank Correlation Methods","author":"Kendall","year":"1948"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b64","series-title":"2021 International Conference on Cyber Situational Awareness, Data Analytics and Assessment (CyberSA)","first-page":"1","article-title":"Care and feeding of your security champion","author":"Jaatun","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b65","series-title":"OWASP security champions guide","author":"Open Worldwide Application Security Projectm","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572_b66","series-title":"Research Software Engineering: Professionalization, Roles, and Identity","author":"Sims","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Future Generation Computer Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167739X26002062?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167739X26002062?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T13:46:49Z","timestamp":1780408009000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167739X26002062"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["S0167739X26002062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-739X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-739X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Preparing research software engineers to become security champions: Development and evaluation of a security awareness workshop","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Future Generation Computer Systems","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.future.2026.108572","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108572"}}