{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T05:01:43Z","timestamp":1784782903226,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1010862"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1010862"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HORIZON-MSCA-2021-SE-01-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HORIZON-MSCA-2021-SE-01-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5729\/HE\/2024\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5729\/HE\/2024\/21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004569","name":"Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PLG\/2025\/018379"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PLG\/2025\/018379"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Future Generation Computer Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:25:26Z","timestamp":1782861926000},"page":"108686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Workflow decomposition algorithm for scheduling with quantum annealer-based hybrid solver"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"185","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9058-7831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Kroczek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3189-7618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna","family":"Zawalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8032-7251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Rycerz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b1","unstructured":"M. Rynge, G. Juve, J. Kinney, J. Good, B. Berriman, A. Merrihew, E. Deelman, Producing an infrared multiwavelength galactic plane atlas using montage, pegasus, and amazon web services. 485 (2014) 211, URL: https:\/\/ui.adsabs.harvard.edu\/abs\/2014ASPC..485..211R, Conference Name: Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XXIII ADS Bibcode: 2014ASPC..485..211R."},{"issue":"S13","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-016-1227-y","article-title":"PGen: large-scale genomic variations analysis workflow and browser in SoyKB","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b3","series-title":"2024 IEEE 24th International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing","first-page":"465","article-title":"Workflow mini-apps: Portable, scalable, tunable & faithful representations of scientific workflows","author":"Kilic","year":"2024"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2012.08.015","article-title":"Characterizing and profiling scientific workflows","volume":"29","author":"Juve","year":"2013","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2021.09.043","article-title":"WfCommons: A framework for enabling scientific workflow research and development","volume":"128","author":"Coleman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b6","series-title":"Computational Science \u2013 ICCS 2020","first-page":"516","article-title":"Foundations for workflow application scheduling on D-Wave system","volume":"vol. 12142","author":"Tomasiewicz","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b7","series-title":"D-Wave solvers documentation","author":"D-Wave","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b8","series-title":"Selected aspects of adapting the DWave annealer solutions to workflow management systems","author":"Hurbol","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b9","series-title":"Constrained Quadratic model definition and manual","author":"D-Wave","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1137\/0211023","article-title":"The recognition of series parallel digraphs","volume":"11","author":"Valdes","year":"1982","journal-title":"SIAM J. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2025.107861","article-title":"Facilitating usage of quantum\u2013classical optimization software with QHyper library","volume":"188","author":"Lam\u017ca","year":"2025","journal-title":"Inf. Softw. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b12","series-title":"Gurobi optimizer reference manual","author":"Gurobi","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b13","series-title":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing","first-page":"132","article-title":"A survey of modern scientific workflow scheduling algorithms and systems in the era of big data","author":"Liu","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s10288-019-00424-y","article-title":"Quantum bridge analytics I: a tutorial on formulating and using QUBO models","volume":"17","author":"Glover","year":"2019","journal-title":"4OR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b15","series-title":"High Performance Computing for Computational Science \u2014 VECPAR 2002","first-page":"407","article-title":"Mapping unstructured applications into nested parallelism best student paper award: First prize","volume":"vol. 2565","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Escribano","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b16","series-title":"Computer and Job-Shop Scheduling Theory","author":"Coffman","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2016.01.018","article-title":"Towards workflow scheduling in cloud computing: A comprehensive analysis","volume":"66","author":"Masdari","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Netw. Comput. Appl."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1109\/71.993206","article-title":"Performance-effective and low-complexity task scheduling for heterogeneous computing","volume":"13","author":"Topcuoglu","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13677-022-00284-8","article-title":"EDQWS: an enhanced divide and conquer algorithm for workflow scheduling in cloud","volume":"11","author":"Khojasteh Toussi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cloud Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b20","series-title":"2010 24th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications","first-page":"400","article-title":"A particle swarm optimization-based heuristic for scheduling workflow applications in cloud computing environments","author":"Pandey","year":"2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.4304\/jsw.9.4.873-880","article-title":"The workflow task scheduling algorithm based on the GA model in the cloud computing environment","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2024.104920","article-title":"Cost-aware quantum-inspired genetic algorithm for workflow scheduling in hybrid clouds","volume":"191","author":"Hussain","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Parallel Distrib. Comput."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/350934","article-title":"Multi-objective approach for energy-aware workflow scheduling in cloud computing environments","volume":"2013","author":"Yassa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2012.05.004","article-title":"Deadline-constrained workflow scheduling algorithms for infrastructure as a service clouds","volume":"29","author":"Abrishami","year":"2013","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b25","series-title":"2019 IEEE International Congress on Big Data","first-page":"35","article-title":"LPOD: A local path based optimized scheduling algorithm for deadline-constrained big data workflows in the cloud","author":"Bai","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b26","series-title":"2019 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Big Data Computing Service and Applications","first-page":"99","article-title":"iCATS: Scheduling big data workflows in the cloud using cultural algorithms","author":"Mousavi Mojab","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.31577\/cai_2021_4_897","article-title":"Variational algorithms for workflow scheduling problem in gate-based quantum devices","volume":"40","author":"Plewa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Inform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b28","unstructured":"D-Wave Quantum, Hybrid Solvers for Quadratic Optimization, White Paper, 2020, URL: https:\/\/www.dwavequantum.com\/media\/soxph512\/hybrid-solvers-for-quadratic-optimization.pdf. (Accessed May 2026)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b29","series-title":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering","first-page":"1","article-title":"Divide and conquer for combinatorial optimization and distributed quantum computation","author":"Tomesh","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b30","series-title":"2024 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering","first-page":"545","article-title":"Scaling up the quantum divide and conquer algorithm for combinatorial optimization","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7394","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2026.3668505","article-title":"Modularity maximization and community detection in complex networks through recursive and hierarchical annealing in the DWAVE advantage quantum processing units","volume":"13","author":"Falc\u00f3-Roget","year":"2026","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Netw. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b32","series-title":"Computational Science \u2013 ICCS 2020","first-page":"502","article-title":"Hybrid quantum annealing heuristic method for solving job shop scheduling problem","volume":"vol. 12142","author":"Kurowski","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PRXLife.2.023006","article-title":"Divide-and-conquer quantum algorithm for hybrid d e n o v o genome assembly of short and long reads","volume":"2","author":"Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"PRX Life"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PRXQuantum.3.010346","article-title":"Deep variational quantum eigensolver: A divide-and-conquer method for solving a larger problem with smaller size quantum computers","volume":"3","author":"Fujii","year":"2022","journal-title":"PRX Quantum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-020-03223-x","article-title":"A divide and conquer approach to deadline constrained cost-optimization workflow scheduling for the cloud","volume":"24","author":"Khojasteh Toussi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clust. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2014.09.014","article-title":"Using imbalance metrics to optimize task clustering in scientific workflow executions","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b37","series-title":"2020 IEEE 22nd International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE 18th International Conference on Smart City; IEEE 6th International Conference on Data Science and Systems","first-page":"255","article-title":"Resource aware task clustering for scientific workflow execution in high performance computing environments","author":"Weerasinghe","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b38","first-page":"237","article-title":"Hybrid balanced task clustering algorithm for scientific workflows in cloud computing","volume":"20","author":"Kaur","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scalable Comput.: Pract. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2019.110405","article-title":"ECOS: An efficient task-clustering based cost-effective aware scheduling algorithm for scientific workflows execution on heterogeneous cloud systems","volume":"158","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Syst. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2016.05.008","article-title":"Workflow-and-platform aware task clustering for scientific workflow execution in cloud environment","volume":"64","author":"Sahni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/1094342015594518","article-title":"Scheduling DAG-based workflows on single cloud instances: High-performance and cost effectiveness with a static scheduler","volume":"31","author":"Taufer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl."},{"issue":"05","key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129054114500245","article-title":"On scheduling series-parallel DAGs to maximize area","volume":"25","author":"Cordasco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Internat. J. Found. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.01.015","article-title":"Using simple PID-inspired controllers for online resilient resource management of distributed scientific workflows","volume":"95","author":"Ferreira da Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b44","series-title":"The Sequence Read Archive (SRA)","author":"NLM","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b45","series-title":"2016 Seventh International Workshop on Data-Intensive Computing in the Clouds","first-page":"1","article-title":"Asterism: Pegasus and dispel4py hybrid workflows for data-intensive science","author":"Filgueira","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b46","series-title":"IC-PCP profiling: software and data set","author":"Taal","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.05.002","article-title":"Profiling the scheduling decisions for handling critical paths in deadline-constrained cloud workflows","volume":"100","author":"Taal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."}],"container-title":["Future Generation Computer Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167739X26003201?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167739X26003201?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T04:18:17Z","timestamp":1784780297000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167739X26003201"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0167739X26003201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-739X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-739X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Workflow decomposition algorithm for scheduling with quantum annealer-based hybrid solver","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Future Generation Computer Systems","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.future.2026.108686","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108686"}}