{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T20:47:46Z","timestamp":1785703666300,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Internet of Things"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T15:15:16Z","timestamp":1781968516000},"page":"102005","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Digital paradigms in medication support: A comprehensive review of technologies and approaches"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9045-6698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Ghazal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3078-4701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hadil","family":"Salman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arwa","family":"Sheibani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayesha","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8190-5263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marah","family":"Alhalabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2273-3083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdalla","family":"Gad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9752-9124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maha","family":"Yaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8071-8068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Ramadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5896-8677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taimur","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6140-7371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Alkhedher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2020.1793312","article-title":"Statistical considerations for medication adherence research","volume":"36","author":"DeClercq","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2007.00213.x","article-title":"Medication compliance and persistence: terminology and definitions","volume":"11","author":"Cramer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0260315","article-title":"Detection of overdose and underdose prescriptions\u2013an unsupervised machine learning approach","volume":"16","author":"Nagata","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471-021-00274-5","article-title":"An update on medication use in older adults: a narrative review","volume":"8","author":"Barry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Epidemiol. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2020.02.005","article-title":"How smart medication systems are used to support older people\u2019s drug regimens: a systematic literature review","volume":"41","author":"Turjamaa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geriatr. Nurs."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e287","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(24)00007-2","article-title":"Prevalence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy among adults and older adults: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Nicholson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.117612","article-title":"Electronic pill bottles to monitor and promote medication adherence for people with multiple sclerosis: a randomized, virtual clinical trial","volume":"428","author":"Rice","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16071226","article-title":"Impact of a culturally tailored mHealth medication regimen self-management program upon blood pressure among hypertensive Hispanic adults","volume":"16","author":"Chandler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcij.2018.11.008","article-title":"Smart drugs: improving healthcare using smart pill box for medicine reminder and monitoring system","volume":"3","author":"Minaam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Future Comput. Inf. J."},{"issue":"07","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0010","first-page":"486","article-title":"Smart pill dispenser using internet of things","volume":"7","author":"Arora","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0011","series-title":"2018 IEEE 4th Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering (MECBME)","first-page":"20","article-title":"Smart medicine dispenser (smd)","author":"Antoun","year":"2018"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1080\/03091902.2019.1692935","article-title":"Inexpensive automated medication dispenser for persons with neurodegenerative illnesses in low resource settings","volume":"43","author":"Ibitoye","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Eng. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3195","DOI":"10.22214\/ijraset.2023.51285","article-title":"IOT-based smart medicine dispenser","volume":"11","author":"Tiwari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.22214\/ijraset.2023.52139","article-title":"Medicine dispenser using RFID","volume":"11","author":"Paigankar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0015","first-page":"59","article-title":"Smart medicine drawers using IOS application and Arduino board","volume":"5","author":"Alkandari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Perceptive Cogn. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0016","first-page":"531","article-title":"A novel design of ARM based automated medication dispenser","volume":"5","author":"Kinthada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0017","first-page":"3610","article-title":"SIMoP box\u2013a smart intelligent mobile pill box","volume":"43","author":"Joy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Today: Proc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0018","first-page":"7","article-title":"Design of a smart medical box for automatic pill dispensing and health monitoring","volume":"32","author":"Nasir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eng. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0019","series-title":"Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Emerging Trends in Science & Technologies for Engineering Systems (ICETSE-2019)","article-title":"MEDIC-the smart medicine dispenser","author":"YR","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Kansal, V. Goel, D. Singh, A. Arjun, V. Sharma, M. Auddy, MedAtBed: design and development of the medicine dispenser, Research Square preprint, 2022. 10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1540370\/v1.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1540370\/v1"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.22214\/ijraset.2019.4457","article-title":"The autonomous pill dispenser with alarm and mobile notifications","volume":"7","author":"Patil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol."},{"issue":"8s","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0022","first-page":"483","article-title":"Smart IoT mobile medication dispenser","volume":"11","author":"Pang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Syst. Appl. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0023","series-title":"TENCON 2019-2019 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON)","first-page":"1059","article-title":"Design and implementation of a smart medicine dispenser","author":"Mathew","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0024","first-page":"4876","article-title":"Smart medicine pill box reminder with voice and display for emergency patients","volume":"33","author":"Sree","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Today: Proc."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0025","first-page":"143","article-title":"FPGA-based automatic pill dispenser using decision tree classifier","volume":"30","author":"Shruthi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Popul. Ther. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0026","series-title":"2020 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN)","first-page":"1","article-title":"A real time support system to impart medicine using smart dispenser","author":"MohanaPriya","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0027","first-page":"374","article-title":"Designing a smart drug box","volume":"9","author":"Javed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0028","series-title":"2020 4th International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI)","first-page":"407","article-title":"AI-IoT based smart pill expert system","author":"Reddy","year":"2020"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3952","DOI":"10.22214\/ijraset.2019.5651","article-title":"Automatic pill reminder","volume":"7","author":"PS","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0030","series-title":"2016 IEEE 7th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)","first-page":"1","article-title":"The autonomous pill dispenser: mechanizing the delivery of tablet medication","author":"Chawla","year":"2016"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.14445\/22315381\/IJETT-V71I12P207","article-title":"Automatic pill dispenser for pharmacy","volume":"71","author":"Aung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Trends Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0032","series-title":"Speed and Direction Control of Stepper Motor","author":"Khawari","year":"2022"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5403","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095403","article-title":"Assessing older Adults\u2019 intentions to use a smartphone: using the meta\u2013Unified theory of the acceptance and use of technology","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.13189\/app.2015.030302","article-title":"Mobile applications to improve medication adherence: existing apps, quality of life and future directions","volume":"3","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0035","series-title":"Role of Mobile Health in the Situation of COVID-19 Pandemics: Pros and Cons","first-page":"37","author":"Bhaskar","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0036","series-title":"2020 IEEE 26th International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging (SIITME)","first-page":"274","article-title":"Design of a command and control system for an automatic pill dispenser","author":"Moise","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0037","series-title":"2015 IEEE 21st International Symposium for Design and Technology in Electronic Packaging (SIITME)","first-page":"125","article-title":"Weekly electronic pills dispenser with circular containers","author":"F\u01cerca\u015f","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1007\/s12553-022-00696-1","article-title":"Radio frequency identification (RFID) in health care: where are we? a scoping review","volume":"12","author":"Profetto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0039","series-title":"2022 International Interdisciplinary Humanitarian Conference for Sustainability (IIHC)","first-page":"1521","article-title":"Opportunities and challenges in the application of artificial intelligence-based technologies in the healthcare industry","author":"Gautam","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0040","series-title":"IJCAI","first-page":"5920","article-title":"PillGood: automated and interactive pill dispenser using facial recognition for safe and personalized medication","author":"Kim","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0041","series-title":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Consumer electronics-Taiwan","first-page":"235","article-title":"The intelligent pill box\u2013design and implementation","author":"Huang","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0042","series-title":"2017 6th International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management (ICITM)","first-page":"198","article-title":"Health care monitoring system in internet of things (IoT) by using RFID","author":"Khan","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0043","series-title":"International Conference on Mobile Business (ICMB\u201905)","first-page":"623","article-title":"The pros and cons of RFID in supply chain management","author":"Michael","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0044","series-title":"HCI International 2014-Posters\u2019 Extended Abstracts: International Conference, HCI International 2014, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, June 22\u201327, 2014. Proceedings, Part II 16","first-page":"383","article-title":"AraMedReader: an arabic medicine identifier using barcodes","author":"Al-Quwayfili","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0045","series-title":"Workshop on Mining Data for Financial Applications","first-page":"47","article-title":"Simplifying handwritten medical prescription: OCR approach","author":"Sethi","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0046","series-title":"2023 18th International Conference on Emerging Technologies (ICET)","first-page":"104","article-title":"Extraction and classification of medicines from handwritten medical prescriptions","author":"Zia","year":"2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0047","first-page":"54","article-title":"Algorithms for rapid digitalization of prescriptions","volume":"5","author":"Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vis. Inf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2018.03.057","article-title":"A clustering based methodology to support the translation of medical specifications to software models","volume":"71","author":"Gargiulo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.07.002","article-title":"Prescription extraction using CRFs and word embeddings","volume":"72","author":"Tao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0050","series-title":"International Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems and Technology","first-page":"195","article-title":"A digitization pipeline for mixed-typed documents using machine learning and optical character recognition","author":"Matschak","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0051","series-title":"Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 5: Industry Track)","first-page":"794","article-title":"Automated digitization of unstructured medical prescriptions","author":"Sharma","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smhl.2021.100189","article-title":"Attended robotic process automation of prescriptions\u2019 digitization","volume":"20","author":"Soeny","year":"2021","journal-title":"Smart Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japh.2023.11.023","article-title":"Effectiveness of Chatgpt in clinical pharmacy and the role of artificial intelligence in medication therapy management","volume":"64","author":"Roosan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Pharm. Assoc."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0054","first-page":"500","article-title":"Implementation of a smarter herbal medication delivery system employing an AI-powered chatbot","volume":"14","author":"Vera","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0055","series-title":"Precision Health and Medicine: A Digital Revolution in Healthcare","first-page":"119","article-title":"Spoken dialogue systems for medication management","author":"Zheng","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2021.3061996","article-title":"Conversation-based medication management system for older adults using a companion robot and cloud","volume":"6","author":"Su","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smhl.2022.100346","article-title":"Adaptation of a robotic dialog system for medication reminder in elderly care","volume":"26","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"Smart Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0058","unstructured":"Introducing ChatGPT, 2023, (https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/chatgpt). Accessed April 13, 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2023.101861","article-title":"ChatGPT: jack of all trades, master of none","volume":"99","author":"Koco\u0144","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inf. Fusion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.2147\/DHPS.S425858","article-title":"Evaluating the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of chatGPT-3.5, chatGPT-4, bing AI, and bard against conventional drug-drug interactions clinical tools","author":"Al-Ashwal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Healthc. Patient Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0061","unstructured":"B. Marr, Revolutionizing healthcare: the top 14 uses of ChatGPT in medicine and wellness, Forbes, 2023. https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/bernardmarr\/2023\/03\/02\/revolutionizing-healthcare-the-top-14-uses-of-chatgpt-in-medicine-and-wellness\/. Accessed 7 March 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0062","series-title":"Artificial Intelligence: With an Introduction to Machine Learning","author":"Neapolitan","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0063","series-title":"Interspeech","first-page":"2910","article-title":"Predicting user satisfaction from turn-taking in spoken conversations","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0064","unstructured":"X. Li, Z.C. Lipton, B. Dhingra, L. Li, J. Gao, Y.N. Chen, A user simulator for task-completion dialogues, arXiv preprint arXiv: 1612.05688(2016)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0065","unstructured":"X. Li, Y.N. Chen, L. Li, J. Gao, A. Celikyilmaz, End-to-end task-completion neural dialogue systems, arXiv preprint arXiv: 1703.01008(2017)."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2013.10.027","article-title":"A text messaging intervention to promote medication adherence for patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"94","author":"Park","year":"2014","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smhl.2023.100434","article-title":"Medication adherence management for in-home geriatric care with a companion robot and a wearable device","volume":"30","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0068","series-title":"2015 IEEE 5th International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Berlin (ICCE-Berlin)","first-page":"46","article-title":"An intelligent medication system designed to improve the medication adherence","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2011.06.007","article-title":"Medication adherence: a call for action","volume":"162","author":"Bosworth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.114285","article-title":"A reinforcement learning and deep learning based intelligent system for the support of impaired patients in home treatment","volume":"168","author":"Naeem","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comcom.2015.04.001","article-title":"Facilitating medication adherence in elderly care using ubiquitous sensors and mobile social networks","volume":"65","author":"Yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCS-07-2017-0006","article-title":"AI empowered context-aware smart system for medication adherence","volume":"1","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Crowd Sci."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0073","first-page":"171","article-title":"Intelligent system for medication management in residential environments","volume":"49","author":"Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"IFAC-Pap."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2021.116434","article-title":"An intelligent environment for preventing medication errors in home treatment","volume":"193","author":"Ciampi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogsys.2019.07.001","article-title":"Designing and evaluating an intelligent augmented reality system for assisting older adults\u2019 medication management","volume":"58","author":"Guerrero","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cogn. Syst. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44441","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2908843","article-title":"A deep learning-based intelligent medicine recognition system for chronic patients","volume":"7","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0077","series-title":"Technical Report","article-title":"SWRL: A Semantic Web Rule Language Combining OWL and RuleML","author":"Horrocks","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0078","series-title":"The description logic handbook: theory, implementation and applications","year":"2003"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2011.2165593","article-title":"MHS: a multimedia system for improving medication adherence in elderly care","volume":"5","author":"Tang","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Syst. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-1499-2012-67","article-title":"A context-aware multimedia service scheduling framework in smart homes","volume":"2012","author":"Liang","year":"2012","journal-title":"EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0081","series-title":"CVPR","first-page":"586","article-title":"Face recognition using eigenfaces","volume":"vol. 91","author":"Turk","year":"1991"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scico.2011.10.004","article-title":"Multi-agent oriented programming with JaCaMo","volume":"78","author":"Boissier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Comput. Program."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2015.06.009","article-title":"Semantic-based construction of arguments: an answer set programming approach","volume":"64","author":"Guerrero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Merugu, A. Mantoo, A. Manna, G. Meshram, D.P.H. Patil, Digitization, analysis & prediction of medical reports using deep learning, SSRN preprint, Posted June 5, 2023 (2023). https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4460069.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4460069"},{"issue":"Spl-3","key":"10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005_bib0085","first-page":"428","article-title":"Digitization and classification of prescription and medical reports of patients using deep learning","volume":"14","author":"Gaikwad","year":"2022","journal-title":"SAMRIDDHI: J. Phys. Sci. Eng. Technol."}],"container-title":["Internet of Things"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2542660526001356?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2542660526001356?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T19:52:34Z","timestamp":1785700354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2542660526001356"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":85,"alternative-id":["S2542660526001356"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005","relation":{},"ISSN":["2542-6605"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2542-6605","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Digital paradigms in medication support: A comprehensive review of technologies and approaches","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Internet of Things","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iot.2026.102005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102005"}}