{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T07:51:28Z","timestamp":1775548288843,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Information Processing &amp; Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T23:51:43Z","timestamp":1772495503000},"page":"104711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From answering to discussing: Advancing human-AI cognitive collaboration in dialogue agents"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8763-5830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2780-6745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junchi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3875-7321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingwen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2240-6830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiezheng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6123-9328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6659-1785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingyou","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0001","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2021 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing","first-page":"4473","article-title":"Building and evaluating open-domain dialogue corpora with clarifying questions","author":"Aliannejadi","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0002","unstructured":"Anthropic (2025). Claude sonnet 4. Artificial Intelligence Model https:\/\/www.anthropic.com\/claude\/sonnet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Budzianowski, P., Wen, T.-H., Tseng, B.-H., Casanueva, I., Ultes, S., Ramadan, O., & Ga\u0161i\u0107, M. (2018). Multiwoz\u2013a large-scale multi-domain wizard-of-oz dataset for task-oriented dialogue modelling. arXiv: 1810.00278.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1547"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0004","series-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on web conference 2025","first-page":"198","article-title":"Large language models empowered personalized web agents","author":"Cai","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0005","unstructured":"Chen, M., Sun, R., Pfister, T., & Ar\u0131k, S. \u00d6. (2024a). Learning to clarify: Multi-turn conversations with action-based contrastive self-training. arXiv: 2406.00222."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0006","unstructured":"Chen, R., Zhang, X., Luo, M., Chai, W., & Liu, Z. (2024b). PAD: Personalized alignment of LLMs at decoding-time. arXiv: 2410.04070."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0007","unstructured":"Chen, Y.-P., Nishida, N., Nakayama, H., & Matsumoto, Y. (2024c). Recent trends in personalized dialogue generation: A review of datasets, methodologies, and evaluations. arXiv: 2405.17974."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0008","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"17853","article-title":"Cooper: Coordinating specialized agents towards a complex dialogue goal","author":"Cheng","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0009","series-title":"Using language","author":"Clark","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, Y., Liao, L., Chen, L., Wang, H., Lei, W., & Chua, T.-S. (2023a). Prompting and evaluating large language models for proactive dialogues: Clarification, target-guided, and non-collaboration. arXiv: 2305.13626.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-emnlp.711"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0011","series-title":"Proceedings of the 47th international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval","first-page":"807","article-title":"Towards human-centered proactive conversational agents","author":"Deng","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0012","unstructured":"Deng, Y., Zhang, W., Lam, W., Ng, S.-K., & Chua, T.-S. (2023b). Plug-and-play policy planner for large language model powered dialogue agents. arXiv: 2311.00262."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0013","series-title":"Proceedings of the 31st international conference on computational linguistics","first-page":"9147","article-title":"ProTOD: Proactive task-oriented dialogue system based on large language model","author":"Dong","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0014","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI symposium series","first-page":"100","article-title":"Concept-guided LLM agents for human-ai safety codesign","author":"Geissler","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0015","unstructured":"Guan, X., Zeng, J., Meng, F., Xin, C., Lu, Y., Lin, H., Han, X., Sun, L., & Zhou, J. (2025). DeepRAG: Thinking to retrieve step by step for large language models. arXiv: 2502.01142."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0016","article-title":"Helping skills: Facilitating exploration, insight, and action","author":"Hill","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Psychological Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, Q., Liu, X., Ko, T., Wu, B., Wang, W., Zhang, Y., & Tang, L. (2024a). Selective prompting tuning for personalized conversations with LLMs. arXiv: 2406.18187.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.findings-acl.959"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, S., Zhong, W., Lu, J., Zhu, Q., Gao, J., Liu, W., Hou, Y., Zeng, X., Wang, Y., Shang, L. et al. (2024b). Planning, creation, usage: Benchmarking llms for comprehensive tool utilization in real-world complex scenarios. arXiv: 2401.17167.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.findings-acl.259"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0019","unstructured":"Hudecek, V., & Du\u0161ek, O. (2023). Are LLMs all you need for task-oriented dialogue. arXiv: 2304.06556, 32."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0020","unstructured":"Jang, J., Kim, S., Lin, B. Y., Wang, Y., Hessel, J., Zettlemoyer, L., Hajishirzi, H., Choi, Y., & Ammanabrolu, P. (2023). Personalized soups: Personalized large language model alignment via post-hoc parameter merging. arXiv: 2310.11564."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0021","series-title":"Proc. of the 47th international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval","article-title":"Doing personal LAPS: LLM-augmented dialogue construction for personalized multi-session conversational search","author":"Joko","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0022","unstructured":"Joshi, C. K., Mi, F., & Faltings, B. (2017). Personalization in goal-oriented dialog. arXiv: 1706.07503."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3629981","article-title":"Generating usage-related questions for preference elicitation in conversational recommender systems","author":"Kostric","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Recommender Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0024","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2022 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"Human-AI collaboration via conditional delegation: A case study of content moderation","author":"Lai","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0025","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2023 ACM conference on fairness, accountability, and transparency","first-page":"1369","article-title":"Towards a science of human-AI decision making: An overview of design space in empirical human-subject studies","author":"Lai","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0026","series-title":"Proceedings of the 1st workshop on customized chat grounding persona and knowledge","first-page":"29","article-title":"PersonaChatGen: Generating personalized dialogues using gpt-3","author":"Lee","year":"2022"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-64359-0","article-title":"Integrating discourse features and response assessment for advancing empathetic dialogue","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0028","first-page":"51991","article-title":"Camel: Communicative agents for \u201cmind\u201d exploration of large language model society","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0029","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2025 conference of the nations of the americas chapter of the association for computational linguistics: Human language technologies (volume 1: Long papers)","first-page":"5259","article-title":"Hello again! LLM-powered personalized agent for long-term dialogue","author":"Li","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0030","series-title":"Proceedings of the 54th annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics (volume 1: Long papers)","first-page":"994","article-title":"A persona-based neural conversation model","author":"Li","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0031","unstructured":"Li, J., Lai, Y., Li, W., Ren, J., Zhang, M., Kang, X., Wang, S., Li, P., Zhang, Y.-Q., Ma, W. et al. (2024b). Agent hospital: A simulacrum of hospital with evolvable medical agents. arXiv: 2405.02957."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0032","article-title":"Adaptive-TOD: An LLM-driven and adaptive agent for diverse interaction modes","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00679","article-title":"Decision-oriented dialogue for human-AI collaboration","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0034","unstructured":"Liu, S., Zheng, C., Demasi, O., Sabour, S., Li, Y., Yu, Z., Jiang, Y., & Huang, M. (2021). Towards emotional support dialog systems. arXiv: 2106.01144."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Iter, D., Xu, Y., Wang, S., Xu, R., & Zhu, C. (2023). G-eval: NLG evaluation using Gpt-4 with better human alignment. arXiv: 2303.16634.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.emnlp-main.153"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Wang, H., Niu, Z.-Y., Wu, H., Che, W., & Liu, T. (2020). Towards conversational recommendation over multi-type dialogs. arXiv: 2005.03954.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.98"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0037","unstructured":"Lotfi, E., De Bruyn, M., Buhmann, J., & Daelemans, W. (2024). PersonalityChat: Conversation distillation for personalized dialog modeling with facts and traits. arXiv: 2401.07363."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0038","unstructured":"Lu, J., An, S., Lin, M., Pergola, G., He, Y., Yin, D., Sun, X., & Wu, Y. (2023). MemoChat: Tuning llms to use memos for consistent long-range open-domain conversation. arXiv: 2308.08239."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, X., Tang, Z., Wang, J., & Zhang, X. (2024). DuetSim: Building user simulator with dual large language models for task-oriented dialogues. arXiv: 2405.13028.","DOI":"10.63317\/5cp2zxmyham6"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0040","first-page":"46534","article-title":"Self-refine: Iterative refinement with self-feedback","author":"Madaan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2025.104136","article-title":"Optimizing text-to-SQL conversion techniques through the integration of intelligent agents and large language models","author":"Ojuri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0042","unstructured":"OpenAI (2023a). Gpt-3.5. https:\/\/platform.openai.com\/docs\/models\/gpt-3-5,. (accessed 24 Juanuary 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0043","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2023 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems","first-page":"1","article-title":"AI knowledge: Improving AI delegation through human enablement","author":"Pinski","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qian, C., He, B., Zhuang, Z., Deng, J., Qin, Y., Cong, X., Zhang, Z., Zhou, J., Lin, Y., Liu, Z. et al. (2024). Tell me more! Towards implicit user intention understanding of language model driven agents. arXiv: 2402.09205.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.acl-long.61"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qian, K., Beirami, A., Kottur, S., Shayandeh, S., Crook, P., Geramifard, A., Yu, Z., & Sankar, C. (2021). Database search results disambiguation for task-oriented dialog systems. arXiv: 2112.08351.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.naacl-main.85"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0046","series-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence","first-page":"8689","article-title":"Towards scalable multi-domain conversational agents: the schema-guided dialogue dataset","author":"Rastogi","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0047","series-title":"Proceedings of the 62nd annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics (volume 1: Long papers)","first-page":"7370","article-title":"Lamp: When large language models meet personalization","author":"Salemi","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0048","unstructured":"Shah, P., Hakkani-T\u00fcr, D., T\u00fcr, G., Rastogi, A., Bapna, A., Nayak, N., & Heck, L. (2018). Building a conversational agent overnight with dialogue self-play. arXiv: 1801.04871."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shao, Y., Li, L., Dai, J., & Qiu, X. (2023). Character-LLM: A trainable agent for role-playing. arXiv: 2310.10158.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.emnlp-main.814"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0050","first-page":"8634","article-title":"Reflexion: Language agents with verbal reinforcement learning","author":"Shinn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0051","unstructured":"Sun, W., Zhou, X., Du, W., Wang, X., Welleck, S., Neubig, G., Sap, M., & Yang, Y. (2025). Training proactive and personalized LLM agents. arXiv: 2511.02208."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0052","unstructured":"Q. Team (2024). Qwen2 technical report. arXiv: 2407.10671, 2."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tolzin, A., & Janson, A. (2025). Uncovering the mechanisms of common ground in human\u2013agent interaction: Review and future directions for conversational agent research. Internet Research.","DOI":"10.1108\/INTR-06-2023-0514"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0054","unstructured":"Wang, H., Huang, W., Deng, Y., Wang, R., Wang, Z., Wang, Y., Mi, F., Pan, J. Z., & Wong, K.-F. (2024). UniMS-RAG: A unified multi-source retrieval-augmented generation for personalized dialogue systems. arXiv: 2401.13256."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0055","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2023 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing","first-page":"1132","article-title":"Target-oriented proactive dialogue systems with personalization: Problem formulation and dataset curation","author":"Wang","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J., Lin, D., & Li, W. (2023b). Dialogue planning via brownian bridge stochastic process for goal-directed proactive dialogue. arXiv: 2305.05290.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.findings-acl.25"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, L., Xu, W., Lan, Y., Hu, Z., Lan, Y., Lee, R. K.-W., & Lim, E.-P. (2023c). Plan-and-solve prompting: Improving zero-shot chain-of-thought reasoning by large language models. arXiv: 2305.04091.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.acl-long.147"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Tang, X., Zhao, W. X., Wang, J., & Wen, J.-R. (2023d). Rethinking the evaluation for conversational recommendation in the era of large language models. arXiv: 2305.13112.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.emnlp-main.621"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0059","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Cai, S., Chen, G., Liu, A., Ma, X., & Liang, Y. (2023e). Describe, explain, plan and select: Interactive planning with large language models enables open-world multi-task agents. arXiv: 2302.01560."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0060","unstructured":"Weng, Y., Zhu, M., Xia, F., Li, B., He, S., Liu, S., Sun, B., Liu, K., & Zhao, J. (2022). Large language models are better reasoners with self-verification. arXiv: 2212.09561."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0061","unstructured":"Yang, H., Yue, S., & He, Y. (2023). Auto-Gpt for online decision making: Benchmarks and additional opinions. arXiv: 2306.02224."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0062","article-title":"Tree of thoughts: Deliberate problem solving with large language models","author":"Yao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0063","series-title":"International conference on learning representations (ICLR)","article-title":"React: Synergizing reasoning and acting in language models","author":"Yao","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2023.103602","article-title":"Screening through a broad pool: Towards better diversity for lexically constrained text generation","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Information Processing & Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0065","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2025 conference of the nations of the Americas chapter of the association for computational linguistics: Human language technologies (volume 1: Long papers)","first-page":"951","article-title":"EasyTool: Enhancing LLM-based agents with concise tool instruction","author":"Yuan","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0066","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on natural language processing for conversational AI, ACL 2020","first-page":"109","article-title":"MultiWOZ 2.2: A dialogue dataset with additional annotation corrections and state tracking baselines","author":"Zang","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0067","series-title":"Proc. the 36th international conference on neural information processing systems","article-title":"Star: Self-taught reasoner bootstrapping reasoning with reasoning","author":"Zelikman","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0068","first-page":"64735","article-title":"Rest-MCTS*: LLM self-training via process reward guided tree search","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0069","unstructured":"Zhang, M., Press, O., Merrill, W., Liu, A., & Smith, N. A. (2023). How language model hallucinations can snowball. arXiv: 2305.13534."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0070","unstructured":"Zhang, T., Kishore, V., Wu, F., Weinberger, K. Q., & Artzi, Y. (2019). BERTScore: Evaluating text generation with bert. arXiv: 1904.09675."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0071","series-title":"Findings of the association for computational linguistics: EMNLP 2024","first-page":"10836","article-title":"Ask-before-plan: Proactive language agents for real-world planning","author":"Zhang","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0072","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Rossi, R. A., Kveton, B., Shao, Y., Yang, D., Zamani, H., Dernoncourt, F., Barrow, J., Yu, T., Kim, S. et al. (2024c). Personalization of large language models: A survey. arXiv: 2411.00027."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Z., Vania, C., Kayal, S., Khan, N., Cohen, S. B., & Yilmaz, E. (2025). PersonaLens: A benchmark for personalization evaluation in conversational AI assistants. arXiv: 2506.09902.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2025.findings-acl.927"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0074","first-page":"46595","article-title":"Judging LLM-as-a-judge with mt-bench and chatbot arena","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0075","unstructured":"Zheng, Y., Chen, G., Huang, M., Liu, S., & Zhu, X. (2019). Personalized dialogue generation with diversified traits. arXiv: 1901.09672."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhong, M., Liu, Y., Yin, D., Mao, Y., Jiao, Y., Liu, P., Zhu, C., Ji, H., & Han, J. (2022). Towards a unified multi-dimensional evaluator for text generation. arXiv: 2210.07197.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.emnlp-main.131"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711_bib0077","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Chen, Z., Wan, D., Wen, B., Song, Y., Yu, J., Huang, Y., Peng, L., Yang, J., Xiao, X. et al. (2023). CharacterGLM: Customizing chinese conversational AI characters with large language models. arXiv: 2311.16832."}],"container-title":["Information Processing &amp; Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306457326001020?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0306457326001020?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T06:56:52Z","timestamp":1775545012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0306457326001020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0306457326001020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711","relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-4573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-4573","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"From answering to discussing: Advancing human-AI cognitive collaboration in dialogue agents","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Information Processing & Management","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ipm.2026.104711","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104711"}}