{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T23:55:03Z","timestamp":1773964503934,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62376085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62376085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62120106008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62120106008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JKS2023003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JKS2023003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Knowledge-Based Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T16:53:24Z","timestamp":1772038404000},"page":"115604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Unified online weak multi-Label learning in drifting and imbalanced data streams"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"339","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7133-2975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yizhang","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5421-6171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuegang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9142-448X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peipei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9872-6917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0001","first-page":"24184","article-title":"Estimating noise transition matrix with label correlations for noisy multi-label learning","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"NeurIPS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0002","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2024 International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval","first-page":"561","article-title":"Prompt expending for single positive multi-Label learning with global unannotated categories","author":"Li","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0003","series-title":"CIKM","first-page":"1063","article-title":"A novel online stacked ensemble for multi-label stream classification","author":"B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7akir","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72:1","DOI":"10.1145\/3570960","article-title":"A weighted ensemble classification algorithm based on nearest neighbors for multi-Label data stream","volume":"17","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0005","series-title":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Conference on Multimedia Information Retrieval","first-page":"39","article-title":"The MIR flickr retrieval evaluation","author":"Huiskes","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0006","series-title":"AAAI","first-page":"15662","article-title":"Limited-Supervised multi-Label learning with dependency noise","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0007","series-title":"ISMIR 2008, 9Th International Conference on Music Information Retrieval","first-page":"325","article-title":"Multi-Label classification of music into emotions","author":"Trohidis","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0008","first-page":"15903","article-title":"Mining multi-label samples from single positive labels","volume":"35","author":"Cho","year":"2022","journal-title":"NeurIPS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0009","series-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","first-page":"21765","article-title":"One positive label is sufficient: single-Positive multi-Label learning with label enhancement","volume":"35","author":"Xu","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0010","series-title":"AAAI","article-title":"Constrained submodular minimization for missing labels and class imbalance in multi-label learning","volume":"30","author":"Wu","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2022.3200068","article-title":"High-Dimensional multi-Label data stream classification with concept drifting detection","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-012-5279-6","article-title":"Scalable and efficient multi-label classification for evolving data streams","volume":"88","author":"Read","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0013","series-title":"MLHC","first-page":"280","article-title":"Multi-Label learning from medical plain text with convolutional residual models","volume":"85","author":"Zhang","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2018.04.015","article-title":"A label compression method for online multi-label classification","volume":"111","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2019.01.007","article-title":"Multi-label classification via label correlation and first order feature dependance in a data stream","volume":"90","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7955","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2021.3119334","article-title":"The emerging trends of multi-label learning","volume":"44","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2024.111489","article-title":"Balancing efficiency vs. effectiveness and providing missing label robustness in multi-label stream classification","volume":"289","author":"Bakhshi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0018","first-page":"1","article-title":"Weak multi-Label data stream classification under distribution changes in labels","author":"Zou","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Big Data."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0019","series-title":"IJCAI","first-page":"1359","article-title":"Online semi-supervised multi-label classification with label compression and local smooth regression","author":"Li","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0020","series-title":"IJCNN","first-page":"1","article-title":"Semi-Supervised online kernel extreme learning machine for multi-Label data stream classification","author":"Qiu","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2022.109167","article-title":"Joint optimization of scoring and thresholding models for online multi-label classification","volume":"136","author":"Zhai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10116","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2022.3164906","article-title":"Online passive-aggressive multilabel classification algorithms","volume":"34","author":"Zhai","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1007\/s12530-023-09536-7","article-title":"Optimizing margin distribution for online multi-label classification","volume":"15","author":"Zhai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Evolving Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0024","series-title":"CIKM","first-page":"4218","article-title":"Prioritized binary transformation method for efficient multi-label classification of data streams with many labels","author":"Yildirim","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2019.06.001","article-title":"Multi-label classification via incremental clustering on an evolving data stream","volume":"95","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0026","series-title":"Proceedings of the 38Th ACM\/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing","first-page":"390","article-title":"Aging and rejuvenating strategies for fading windows in multi-label classification on data streams","author":"Roseberry","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0027","series-title":"IJCAI","first-page":"1583","article-title":"Dealing with concept drift and class imbalance in multi-Label stream classification","author":"Xioufis","year":"2011"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0028","first-page":"1","article-title":"Imbalance-Robust multi-Label self-Adjusting kNN","volume":"18","author":"De Oliveira Martins","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2024.112561","article-title":"Hoeffding adaptive trees for multi-label classification on data streams","volume":"304","author":"Esteban","year":"2024","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0030","first-page":"8085","article-title":"High-Dimensional multi-Label data stream classification with concept drifting detection","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s12530-016-9162-8","article-title":"A novel online multi-label classifier for high-speed streaming data applications","volume":"8","author":"Venkatesan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Evol. Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2018.2869476","article-title":"Robust online multilabel learning under dynamic changes in data distribution with labels","volume":"50","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0033","series-title":"International Conference in Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems","first-page":"399","article-title":"Application research of multi-label learning under concept drift","author":"Tang","year":"2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2401","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-022-10232-2","article-title":"Unsupervised concept drift detection for multi-label data streams","volume":"56","author":"Gulcan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0035","series-title":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","first-page":"003589","article-title":"A novel progressive multi-label classifier for class-incremental data","author":"Dave","year":"2016"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2018.2810872","article-title":"Multi-label learning with emerging new labels","volume":"30","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0037","series-title":"International Conference on Image and Graphics","first-page":"421","article-title":"Dynamic multi-label learning with multiple new labels","author":"Wang","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0038","article-title":"Methods for predicting the rise of the new labels from a high-Dimensional data stream","volume":"16","author":"Kanagaraj","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Eng. Syst."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2021.3073431","article-title":"ML-KELM: A kernel extreme learning machine scheme for multi-Label classification of real time data stream in SIot","volume":"9","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Network Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0040","article-title":"Novelty detection for multi-label stream classification under extreme verification latency","volume":"141","author":"J\u00fanior","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Soft. Comput."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5983","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2023.3275298","article-title":"Online semi-supervised classification on multilabel evolving high-dimensional text streams","volume":"53","author":"Kumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybernet.: Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0042","series-title":"SDM","first-page":"1131","article-title":"Mining multi-label data streams using ensemble-based active learning","author":"Wang","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0043","article-title":"Online multi-label active learning for large-scale multimedia annotation","author":"Hua","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, Tech. Rep. MSR-TR-2008\u2013103"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2025.114248","article-title":"An adaptive active learning framework for sparsely labeled multi-Label drifting data streams","author":"Rahimian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Knowl. Based. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2019.06.003","article-title":"Manifold regularized discriminative feature selection for multi-label learning","volume":"95","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0046","series-title":"AAAI","first-page":"1680","article-title":"Multi-label manifold learning","volume":"30","author":"Hou","year":"2016"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2013.39","article-title":"A review on multi-label learning algorithms","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0048","series-title":"NeurIPS","first-page":"2116","article-title":"Dual averaging method for regularized stochastic learning and online optimization","author":"Xiao","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604_bib0049","first-page":"1","article-title":"Statistical comparisons of classifiers over multiple data sets","volume":"7","author":"Demsar","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."}],"container-title":["Knowledge-Based Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0950705126003448?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0950705126003448?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T21:29:36Z","timestamp":1773955776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0950705126003448"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0950705126003448"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-7051"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-7051","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Unified online weak multi-Label learning in drifting and imbalanced data streams","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Knowledge-Based Systems","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.115604","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115604"}}