{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T13:25:04Z","timestamp":1786886704022,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20240940"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20240940"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Knowledge-Based Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T06:54:16Z","timestamp":1782888856000},"page":"116578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Enhanced label propagation for community detection based on node importance and node-group proximity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"350","author":[{"given":"Xingxing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeshi","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizhang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6684","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1038\/30918","article-title":"Collective dynamics of \u2018small-world\u2019networks[J]","volume":"393","author":"Watts","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5439","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5439.509","article-title":"Emergence of scaling in random networks[J]","volume":"286","author":"Barab\u00e1si","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1137\/S003614450342480","article-title":"The structure and function of complex networks[J]","volume":"45","author":"Newman","year":"2003","journal-title":"SIAM Rev."},{"issue":"4-5","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2005.10.009","article-title":"Complex networks: Structure and dynamics[J]","volume":"424","author":"Boccaletti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"issue":"3-5","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2009.11.002","article-title":"Community detection in graphs[J]","volume":"486","author":"Fortunato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Rep."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7821","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.122653799","article-title":"Community structure in social and biological networks[J]","volume":"99","author":"Girvan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proceed. National Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.76.036106","article-title":"Near linear time algorithm to detect community structures in large-scale networks[J]","volume":"76","author":"Raghavan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E\u2014Statist., Nonlinear, Soft Matter Phys.,"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5472","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2022.3162161","article-title":"A fast local balanced label diffusion algorithm for community detection in social networks[J]","volume":"35","author":"Roghani","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Know. Data Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0009","series-title":"\/\/2010 IEEE international workshop on: business applications of social network analysis (BASNA)","first-page":"1","article-title":"Community detection via semi-synchronous label propagation algorithms[C]","author":"Cordasco","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0010","first-page":"2701","article-title":"Large network community detection by fast label propagation[J]","volume":"13","author":"Traag","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2024.115126","article-title":"LMFLS: A new fast local multi-factor node scoring and label selection-based algorithm for community detection[J]","volume":"185","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chaos, Solitons Fractals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0012","series-title":"\/\/International conference on complex networks and their applications","first-page":"229","article-title":"Fluid communities: a competitive, scalable and diverse community detection algorithm[C]","author":"Par\u00e9s","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.69.026113","article-title":"Finding and evaluating community structure in networks[J]","volume":"69","author":"Newman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.70.066111","article-title":"Finding community structure in very large networks[J]","volume":"70","author":"Clauset","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E\u2014Statist., Nonlinear, Soft Matter Phys.,"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.04.016","article-title":"Hierarchical clustering supported by reciprocal nearest neighbors[J]","volume":"527","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inform. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2008\/10\/P10008","article-title":"Fast unfolding of communities in large networks[J]","volume":"2008","author":"Blondel","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Statist. Mech.: Theor. Exp."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0017","first-page":"1","article-title":"From Louvain to Leiden: guaranteeing well-connected communities[J]","volume":"9","author":"Traag","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0018","series-title":"\/\/International symposium on computer and information sciences","first-page":"284","article-title":"Computing communities in large networks using random walks[C]","author":"Pons","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0706851105","article-title":"Maps of random walks on complex networks reveal community structure[J]","volume":"105","author":"Rosvall","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceed. National Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1007\/s10618-021-00809-w","article-title":"Synwalk: community detection via random walk modelling[J]","volume":"36","author":"Toth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Data Mining Knowl. Discovery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0021","series-title":"\/\/2016 IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT)","first-page":"167","article-title":"Community detection for cold start problem in personalization: Community detection is large social network graphs based on users\u2019 structural similarities and their attribute similarities[C]","author":"Bhatia","year":"2016"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.8135","article-title":"Community detection by influential nodes based on random walk distance[J]","volume":"36","author":"Mokhtari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Concurrency Comput.: Pract. Exp."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0023","first-page":"1783","article-title":"Origins of power-law degree distribution in the heterogeneity of human activity in social networks[J]","volume":"3","author":"Muchnik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-08837-3","article-title":"Ediacaran biozones identified with network analysis provide evidence for pulsed extinctions of early complex life[J]","volume":"10","author":"Muscente","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2018.2866424","article-title":"LPANNI: Overlapping community detection using label propagation in large-scale complex networks[J]","volume":"31","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4501","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btab464","article-title":"Node similarity-based graph convolution for link prediction in biological networks[J]","volume":"37","author":"Co\u015fkun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.10.057","article-title":"A community detection algorithm based on graph compression for large-scale social networks[J]","volume":"551","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inform. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.120971","article-title":"FLPA: a fast label propagation algorithm for detecting overlapping community structure[J]","volume":"234","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.80.016118","article-title":"Benchmarks for testing community detection algorithms on directed and weighted graphs with overlapping communities[J]","volume":"80","author":"Lancichinetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E\u2014Statist., Nonlinear, Soft Matter Phys.,"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0030","first-page":"452","article-title":"An information flow model for conflict and fission in small groups[J]","volume":"33","author":"Zachary","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Anthropol. Res."},{"issue":"suppl_6","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0031","first-page":"S477","article-title":"Identifying the role that animals play in their social networks[J]","volume":"271","author":"Lusseau","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proceed. Royal Soc. London. Series B: Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0032","series-title":"\/\/Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Link discovery","first-page":"36","article-title":"The political blogosphere and the 2004 US election: divided they blog[C]","author":"Adamic","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8733(01)00042-9","article-title":"Peer influence groups: identifying dense clusters in large networks[J]","volume":"23","author":"Moody","year":"2001","journal-title":"Soc. Networks"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0034","series-title":"\/\/Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD workshop on mining data semantics","first-page":"1","article-title":"Defining and evaluating network communities based on ground-truth[C]","author":"Yang","year":"2012"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.91.052815","article-title":"Collective relaxation dynamics of small-world networks[J]","volume":"91","author":"Grabow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0036","article-title":"Graph evolution: Densification and shrinking diameters[J]","volume":"1","author":"Leskovec","year":"2007","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Knowl. Discovery Data (TKDD)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.70.056122","article-title":"Models of social networks based on social distance attachment[J]","volume":"70","author":"Bogun\u00e1","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E\u2014Statist., Nonlinear, Soft Matter Phys,"},{"issue":"09","key":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2005\/09\/P09008","article-title":"Comparing community structure identification[J]","volume":"2005","author":"Danon","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Statist. Mech.: Theor. Exp."}],"container-title":["Knowledge-Based Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0950705126013043?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0950705126013043?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T12:41:06Z","timestamp":1786884066000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0950705126013043"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0950705126013043"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-7051"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-7051","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Enhanced label propagation for community detection based on node importance and node-group proximity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Knowledge-Based Systems","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knosys.2026.116578","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116578"}}