{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T13:06:30Z","timestamp":1768568790764,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3669,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe our preclinical experience with Cone Beam CT (CBCT) in image\u2010guided surgery of the temporal bone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A mobile isocentric C\u2010arm (PowerMobil, Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany) modified to include a flat\u2010panel detector (Varian Imaging Products, Palo Alto, CA) and a motorized orbit was developed to acquire multiple projections in rotation about a subject. Initial experiments imaging steel wire in air were used to investigate the system's spatial resolution in 3D image reconstruction. Subsequently temporal bone dissection was performed on five cadaver heads using the modified C\u2010arm as an image guidance system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We obtained a spatial resolution of 0.85\u00a0mm. The image acquisition time was 120\u00a0seconds and the radiation dose approximately one\u2010tenth of a conventional CT scan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>CBCT provided submillimeter accuracy at high speed with low radiation dosage to offer utility as an intraoperative imaging system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>SIGNIFICANCE<\/jats:title><jats:p>CBCT offers technology that approximates \u201cnear\u2010real\u2010time\u201d image guidance.<\/jats:p><jats:p>EBM rating: C\u20104<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.12.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,3]],"date-time":"2006-05-03T09:21:07Z","timestamp":1146648067000},"page":"801-808","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Intraoperative Cone\u2010beam CT for Guidance of Temporal Bone Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Rafferty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Ontario Cancer Institute Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey H.","family":"Siewerdsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Cancer Institute Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Departments of Medical Biophysics and Department of Radiation Oncology University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Daly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Cancer Institute Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}]},{"given":"Douglas J.","family":"Moseley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Cancer Institute Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Jaffray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Cancer Institute Princess Margaret Hospital University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Departments of Medical Biophysics and Department of Radiation Oncology University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}]},{"given":"Jonathan C.","family":"Irish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/00222150360600814"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cii.69"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Image\u2010guided and computer aided surgery in otology and neurotology: Is there already a need for it?","volume":"20","author":"Lenarz T","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.09.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"435","article-title":"Flat panel cone\u2010beam CT: A novel imaging technology for image\u2010guided procedures","volume":"4319","author":"Siewerdsen JH","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc SPIE Medical Imaging Visualization Display and Image\u2010Guided Procedures"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1836331"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.1.000612"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"ChanY SiewerdsenJH RaffertyMA et al.Cone\u2010beam CT on a mobile C\u2010arm: A novel intraoperative imaging technology for guidance of head and neck surgery.J Otolaryngol2005Accepted June 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4825(76)90068-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"408","article-title":"Cone\u2010beam CT with a flat\u2010panel imager: Noise considerations for fully 3D computed tomography","volume":"3977","author":"Siewerdsen JH","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc SPIE Medical Imaging Visualization Display and Image\u2010Guided Procedures"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.598803"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199911000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199704000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2004.01.024"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Otosclerosis of the cochlear capsule: Correlation of computerized tomography and histopathology","volume":"20","author":"Thiers FA","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Otol"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.12.007","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.12.007","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.12.007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T11:30:32Z","timestamp":1760959832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.12.007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.12.007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.12.007","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-05-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}