{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T15:07:45Z","timestamp":1780931265720,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012659","name":"Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T06:46:42Z","timestamp":1779518802000},"page":"114036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"PA","title":["STFI: Structure-aware and time\u2013frequency domain interaction network for deformable medical image registration"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2013.2265603","article-title":"Deformable medical image registration: A survey","volume":"32","author":"Sotiras","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2009.09.002","article-title":"Fast free-form deformation using graphics processing units","volume":"98","author":"Modat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Programs Biomed."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-8415(98)80022-4","article-title":"Image matching as a diffusion process: an analogy with Maxwell\u2019s demons","volume":"2","author":"Thirion","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b4","series-title":"European Conference on Computer Vision","first-page":"30","article-title":"Spectral demons\u2013image registration via global spectral correspondence","author":"Lombaert","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2023.105408","article-title":"An automated chest X-ray analysis for COVID-19, tuberculosis, and pneumonia employing ensemble learning approach","volume":"87","author":"Amin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Signal Process. Control."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2019.2897538","article-title":"Voxelmorph: A learning framework for deformable medical image registration","volume":"38","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b7","article-title":"An image is worth 16x16 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale","author":"Dosovitskiy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Conf. Learn. Represent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b8","article-title":"An intelligent multimodal medical image registration using hybrid meta-heuristic optimization with transformer-based residual UNet","author":"Ramakoteswararao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Liu, Y. Lin, Y. Cao, H. Hu, Y. Wei, Z. Zhang, S. Lin, B. Guo, Swin transformer: Hierarchical vision transformer using shifted windows, in: IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, 2021, pp. 10012\u201310022.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2022.102615","article-title":"Transmorph: Transformer for unsupervised medical image registration","volume":"82","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b11","series-title":"International Conference on Machine Learning","first-page":"233","article-title":"A closer look at memorization in deep networks","author":"Arpit","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L. Kong, X.S. Qi, Q. Shen, J. Wang, J. Zhang, Y. Hu, Q. Zhou, Indescribable multi-modal spatial evaluator, in: IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2023, pp. 9853\u20139862.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.00950"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b13","unstructured":"J. Guibas, M. Mardani, Z. Li, A. Tao, A. Anandkumar, B. Catanzaro, Adaptive Fourier Neural Operators: Efficient Token Mixers for Transformers, in: International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR, 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b14","first-page":"980","article-title":"Global filter networks for image classification","volume":"34","author":"Rao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2008.03.006","article-title":"Dense image registration through MRFs and efficient linear programming","volume":"12","author":"Glocker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b16","series-title":"International Workshop on Multimodal Brain Image Analysis","first-page":"18","article-title":"Quantification and analysis of large multimodal clinical image studies: Application to stroke","author":"Sridharan","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b17","series-title":"IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems","first-page":"124","article-title":"An effective non-rigid image registration method based on active demons algorithm","author":"Tang","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000043755.93987.aa","article-title":"Computing large deformation metric mappings via geodesic flows of diffeomorphisms","volume":"61","author":"Beg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b19","series-title":"International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention","first-page":"754","article-title":"Symmetric log-domain diffeomorphic registration: A demons-based approach","author":"Vercauteren","year":"2008"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6091","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2019.2924168","article-title":"Incorporation of structural tensor and driving force into log-demons for large-deformation image registration","volume":"28","author":"Wen","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b21","article-title":"Dual-teacher self-distillation registration for multi-modality medical image fusion","author":"Dong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Ghahremani, M. Khateri, B. Jian, B. Wiestler, E. Adeli, C. Wachinger, H-ViT: A Hierarchical Vision Transformer for Deformable Image Registration, in: IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2024, pp. 11513\u201311523.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.01094"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Meng, D. Feng, L. Bi, J. Kim, Correlation-aware coarse-to-fine mlps for deformable medical image registration, in: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2024, pp. 9645\u20139654.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.00921"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b24","series-title":"International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention","first-page":"602","article-title":"Pivit: Large deformation image registration with pyramid-iterative vision transformer","author":"Ma","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b25","article-title":"Hierarchical gradient modulation for multi-resolution image registration","author":"Shen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"X. Cheng, T. Zhang, W. Lu, Q. Meng, A.F. Frangi, J. Duan, SACB-Net: Spatial-awareness Convolutions for Medical Image Registration, in: Proceedings of the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Conference, 2025, pp. 5227\u20135237.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52734.2025.00493"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. Yang, S. Soatto, Fda: Fourier domain adaptation for semantic segmentation, in: IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2020, pp. 4085\u20134095.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00414"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2024.110763","article-title":"Unsupervised multi-branch network with high-frequency enhancement for image dehazing","volume":"156","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3738","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2023.3306105","article-title":"Fvp: Fourier visual prompting for source-free unsupervised domain adaptation of medical image segmentation","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Huang, Z. Zhang, C. Lan, Z.-J. Zha, Y. Lu, B. Guo, Adaptive Frequency Filters As Efficient Global Token Mixers, in: IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, 2023, pp. 6049\u20136059.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV51070.2023.00556"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b31","first-page":"1015","article-title":"Fourier-net: Fast image registration with band-limited deformation","volume":"vol. 37","author":"Jia","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Wang, M. Zhang, Deepflash: An efficient network for learning-based medical image registration, in: IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2020, pp. 4444\u20134452.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00450"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2024.3376334","article-title":"RegFSC-Net: medical image registration via fourier transform with spatial reorganization and channel refinement network","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b34","series-title":"International Conference on Intelligent Computing","first-page":"413","article-title":"K-CMorph: Integrating K-space consistency and complex-valued processing for improved MRI deformable registration","author":"Sun","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b35","series-title":"Phase matching for out-of-distribution generalization","author":"Hu","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b36","series-title":"Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention","first-page":"234","article-title":"U-net: Convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation","author":"Ronneberger","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.A. Magid, Y. Zhang, D. Wei, W.-D. Jang, Z. Lin, Y. Fu, H. Pfister, Dynamic high-pass filtering and multi-spectral attention for image super-resolution, in: IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, 2021, pp. 4288\u20134297.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.00425"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1109\/42.668698","article-title":"A nonparametric method for automatic correction of intensity nonuniformity in MRI data","volume":"17","author":"Sled","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s13173-011-0032-8","article-title":"Detection of point landmarks in 3D medical images via phase congruency model","volume":"17","author":"Ferrari","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Braz. Comput. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b40","series-title":"Information Extraction from Images","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4128","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30695-9","article-title":"The medical segmentation decathlon","volume":"13","author":"Antonelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2022.102680","article-title":"The liver tumor segmentation benchmark (lits)","volume":"84","author":"Bilic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b43","series-title":"Data from 4D Lung Imaging of NSCLC Patients","author":"Hugo","year":"2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2889096","article-title":"Hierarchical fully convolutional network for joint atrophy localization and Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis using structural MRI","volume":"42","author":"Lian","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3807","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2024.3400603","article-title":"GroupMorph: medical image registration via grouping network with contextual fusion","volume":"43","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.021","article-title":"FreeSurfer","volume":"62","author":"Fischl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/54\/7\/001","article-title":"A framework for evaluation of deformable image registration spatial accuracy using large landmark point sets","volume":"54","author":"Castillo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2015.03.009","article-title":"Performance evaluation of classification algorithms by k-fold and leave-one-out cross validation","volume":"48","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b49","series-title":"International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention","first-page":"750","article-title":"Non-iterative coarse-to-fine transformer networks for joint affine and deformable image registration","author":"Meng","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00362-012-0443-4","article-title":"A generalization of the wilcoxon signed-rank test and its applications","volume":"54","author":"Taheri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Statist. Papers"}],"container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031320326010010?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031320326010010?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T14:55:39Z","timestamp":1780930539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031320326010010"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0031320326010010"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3203","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"STFI: Structure-aware and time\u2013frequency domain interaction network for deformable medical image registration","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pattern Recognition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.patcog.2026.114036","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114036"}}